This WMD Drug Warfare is definitely the worst and only known war crime case of systematic massive drug doping of civilian against Humanity committed by a country in our Human History. Japan was one of the Axis of Evil of the International Drug Holocaust which had lasted 150 years and at least 100 Million Chinese were chronically massacred by Britain, U.S., Japan etc. directly and indirectly.

Before the WWII, Japan was quite aware of the social destruction that drugs could cause, as well as the devastating role that British Opium had brought onto China. Therefore, following British Opium footsteps, the Japanese distributed Opium , Heroin and Morphia along the Chinese coast.

After colonizing Korea, during its 36 years of brutal colonial governance of Korea, the Japanese forced Korean farmers to grow opium for Japan's opium operations .

In 1918, the Japanese opium profit in Taiwan alone had reached more than 8 Million yen.

On 1931 Sept 18, when China was still engaging in its Chinese Civil War, Japan seized the opportunity and engineered a railway sabotage known as the "Mukden Incident" or "918 Invasion" or "Manchurian Incident" as the pretext to resume its invasion. Following the explosion of the local railway line, the Japanese army blamed Chinese soldiers for sabotaging its supply lines. Within months, Japan occupied much of the Northeastern part - Manchuria of China and later declared Manchuria was to be independent from China as the "Manchukuo" puppet state, violating both the Kellogg-Briand Pact which obligated it to refrain from using force against other states, and the Nine-Power Treaty which stipulated respect for China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, while the League of Nations stood idly by.

League of Nations was born after WWI. Japan was a permanent member of the Council which controlled the world body. China had only become a non-permanent member for 4 days before 918 Manchurian Invasion. Interestingly, today the positions of Japan and China in the current U.N. Security Council, are exactly in reverse of what they were before WWII.

Japan immediately transformed Manchuria into a vast poppy field. Mitsui then processed Manchurian Opium into Heroin.

Japan became the largest Opium producer throughout the first half of the 20th century, initially in Korea, and then in Manchuria.

According to "A Fair Chance for Asia" by Putnam Weale, even as early as 1919, Japan already distributed 20 tons of morphia to China annually - sufficient to poison a whole nation.

By 1937, Japan and its gangster operated world's largest drug trafficking system and were responsible for 90 % of the world's illicit narcotics.

In 1937, in a League of Nations Opium Advisory Committee meeting, Russell Pasha declared Japan was responsible for virtually ALL of the world's illicit narcotics.

For details, refer to book Opium Empire: Japanese Imperialism and Drug Trafficking in Asia, 1895-1945.

During the war, Japan made arrangement between the Yakuza (Japanese organized criminal organization), industrialists (including household names such as Mitsui and Suzuki) and the military produced the profitable Opium Monopoly Bureau, a legalized dope peddling business between the military government and the hoods. Japan used opiates to weaken Chinese resistance, and deliberately fostered drug addiction in the occupied areas of China.

The WMD Drug Warefare earned Japan $300 million (equivalent of $3.5 billion in 2001) per year from the bankrupt China with its drug strategy of nation against nation.

To encourage addiction and further enslave the Chinese people in the occupied area, Japanese wartime occupation authorities distributed as much Opium , Heroin, and Morphia as possible. Japanese routinely used narcotics as payment for the labor. Heroin cigarettes were offered to children as young as ten.

Japan reinstated poppy farms. Koreans were put in charge of the illegal drug operations to ensure that no Japanese agents risked addiction.

Since 1773, British Opium had brought onto China more than a century of devastating social destruction and economic disasters, contributed to the ruin of a once-great and probably the wealthiest nation of Earth -- China.

In the early 18th century, Britain, Spain, Dutch were pushing Opium into China at an ever-increasing rate. Trade in opium was illegal in China, but British and other countries' merchants unloaded their cargo offshore, selling it to Chinese smugglers. By the early 19th century, China was completely corrupted and weakened by the British Opium.

As a result, both the Chinese central and local government officials were completely corrupted by this addictive drug. Opium infected China so badly that addicts were even found in the military. From the Imperial Palace including the last Chinese Empress, to lowly labourers. Tens of millions families broken. The whole nation was on the verge of collapse.

The number kept growing and grew exponentially. By 1820, just one city Soochow alone had already 100,000 addicts.

The drug traffic caused a disastrous outflow of China's wealth. In 1793, China's silver reserve was estimated at 70 million taels of silver (approximately 2.6 million kilograms). By 1820, it had been reduced to only about 10 million taels . . However, even in 1820, China was still generating 1/3 of the world's gross domestic product. By 1950, that share had fallen to only 5%.

Alarmed, Emperor of China declares war on Drugs. Emperor appointed Lin Tse-Hsu to suppress the Opium traffic. Twice Lin wrote Letter to Queen Victoria to seek her intercession, but to no avail. Finally resulted in 2 Opium Wars with Britain.

It was the First 2 real Wars on drugs in our Human History.

Completely weakened and corrupted by the British Opium, with an impotent, naive and conservative minor ethnic Manchurian Qing government, China was no match against Western technologies. Defeated, China was forced to legalize the importation and sale of Opium by Britain.

For details, refer to History of the Opium Trade in China

Immediately, other Western Christian countries, e.g. U.S. and French traders followed to grab their share of fortune.

Nearly ALL U.S. companies followed to Opium-trafficking into China.

Writing home, an American named Warren Delano of Russell & Company, said he could not pretend to justify the opium trade on moral grounds, "but as a merchant I insist it has been fair, honorable and legitimate".

Warren Delano returned to America rich. He gave his daughter Sara in marriage to a wellborn neighbor, James Roosevelt, the father of Franklin Roosevelt.

To preserve the Truth of History, the U.S. President's biographer Geoffrey Ward rejects efforts of the Delano family to minimize Warren's Opium dark secret.

On April 26, 1853, The Times ran the following Editorial condemning Opium trade and Western Christian countries:

"China lost all control over the importation into her borders of the poison she so much abhorred. The opium traffic... has been increasing .... and is fast spreading into the interior. 60,000 chests are annually imported ...... England, it is true, receives an immense sum into her Treasury ......"

"The effects upon the progress of Christianity are most deleterious. The Christian may well blush at the rebuke of the ruined Pagan ....... "

According to Gabriel G. Nahas "The Decline of Drugged Nations" By 1900, China had 90 Million addicts caused by British, U.S., Japanese Opium, Heroin and Morphia.

With Opium, the huge trade deficit with China was thus easily solved by the West. To the West, opium was much more effective than various government subsidies.

150 years continuous flow of immense amount of the Opium money from China had significantly financed the Criminal Enrichment foundation of today's prosperity of ALL Western colonial countries including Japan ( i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria) and the Industrial Revolution science and technology in the West. In the opposite, China, probably the richest country on Earth had soon become the poorest country on Earth, and become known as the "Sickman of the East".

17 Millions Chinese addicts died directly as a result of British, U.S., Japanese Opium, Heroin and Morphia.

The above figure was estimated in 1900s, but China was NOT freed from the addictive drugs until 1945. Also, the later Heroin and Morphia invented by the West, are far more addictive and deadlier than the Opium. Therefore, the Actual number of addicts and death should be doubled, i.e. 200 millions Chinese drug addicts at peak time and 30 millions Chinese drug death directly caused by 150 years of British, U.S., Japanese Opium, Heroin and Morphia operations. It equals to the number of Black Death of plague in the entire Europe. Opium was also called "heitu" by the Chinese, i.e. "Black Dirt" for the tarry substance placed in long bamboo smoking pipes, but it was a modern plague of Black Death forced upon by the Axis of Evil of Colonial Terrorism.

The estimated number of 200 Million drug addicts is only the number of addicts at the peak time. If all the number of drug addicts put together over the 150 years, then the number should again be conservatively doubled, i.e. the Total number of drug addicts over 150 years could be shocking 400 Millions Chinese addicts.

If the In-Direct Death Toll caused by these destructive drugs, such as the drug caused devastating social destruction, extreme poverty, economic disasters, crimes, hunger, sickness etc., is to be included, then the conservative Total Death Toll caused by these destructive drugs, directly and in-directly, could be at least 100 Millions Chinese death over the course of 150 miserable years.

It was an unimaginable great scale of "Chronic Massacre Without Bloodshed". It is definitely the most horrific colonial crime in our human History. It was a "Drug Holocaust" committed by Britain, U.S. and Japan etc. It was an "International Drug Holocaust" that lasted 150 years - by the Axis of Evil of Colonial Terrorism.

150-years means at least 7 generations, i.e. your great-grandparents , grandparents , parents , yourself , brothers and sisters , sons and daughters , grandsons and grandaughters , great-grandsons and great-grandaughters , all could be drug addicts and killed.

The science has long been clear that smoking causes cancer, but new research shows that children could inherit genetic damage from a father who smokes. "Here we are looking at male germline mutations, which are mutations in the DNA of sperm. If inherited, these mutations persist as irreversible changes in the genetic composition of off-spring." said Carole Yauk, scientist in the Mutagenesis Section of Health Canada’s Environmental and Occupational Toxicology Division. "We have known that mothers who smoke can harm their fetuses, and here we show evidence that fathers can potentially damage offspring long before they may even meet their future mate." 7 generations of drug addict should be much deadlier.

The 150 years of WMD drug destruction had an extremely profound impact on all Chinese, socially, culturally, physically, psychologically and genetically to this day.

The whole China became a lawless society, flooded with drugs, corruption, gangster, gambling, prostitution, unemployment, crimes, poverty and sickness. Not only both the central and local government, even the militaries were totally corrupted and weakened. Socially, millions and millions Chinese families were destroyed. Thousands-years-old social values, educations, cultural ethics, virtues and morality were totally destroyed by Western addictive drugs. Mentally, the Chinese were no longer as proud and self-confident as used to be of the Middle Kingdom. Most became humiliated, intimidated, fearful and hateful towards the foreigners who deservedly earned their nickname as the "Foreign Devils". This period of History has been termed as a "Whole Century of Humiliation" by the Chinese.

The impact of the transformation from a once-great and probably the richest country on Earth to the poorest country on Earth by the opium, heroin, morphia and humiliation have an extremely profound and long lasting effect on China in every imaginable aspect to this day. Both the pride and humilation have evloved into the roots of Chinese Nationalism or Chinese Cyber-Patriotism or Nationalism based on Humiliation. In order to prevent the once-great China from further breaking apart influenced by the foreign powers, the Chinese government inevitable employs many ruling policies that are not up to the Western standards, e.g. XiZang (Tibet Autonomous Region), XinJiang (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region).

On July 1, 1997 the very first day of the returning of British colony - Hong Kong to its motherland China since 1842, a Chinese poet wrote in his poem: "The Opium War has truly ended today !". After Hong Kong was returned to China in 1997, the Portugal also returned Macao, another neighboring colony, to China on Dec. 20, 1999.

H. Wells Williams concluded in his "Middle Kingdom" - "Great Britain, the first Christian power, really waged this war against the pagan monarch who had only endeavored to put down a vice harmful to his people. The war was looked upon in this light by the Chinese; it will always be so looked upon by the candid historian, and known as the Opium War."

According to the book "Trade Politics and Christianity in Africa and the East" by A. J. Macdonald, in one Chinese city Newchang alone, 2,000 morphia addicts died in the winter of 1914-15. Morphia carries off its victims far more rapidly than Opium.

The morphia was manufactured by Britain and U.S.. Shipped to Japan, then distributed to China by Japan.

In 1906, with the creation of largest drug case in Human History with Almost 50 % of the China's population were Opium addicts, British finally realized that their More than a century India-China Opium Traffic is morally indefensible and proposed to control it. The Chinese unhesitatingly accepted. "It is hereby commanded," the emperial edict ran, "that within a period of ten years the evils arising from foreign and native opium be equally and completely eradicated."

In 1909, an International Conference was convened in Shanghai. All the major countries were invited. 13 states agreed to control the traffic in opium and its derivatives, particularly morphine. In 1911, they met again at the Hague. In 1920, the League of Nations had been established. In 1931, at the Geneva Convention, the Opium Advisory Committee also tried to regulate all production of dangerous drugs.

However, gradually it became clear, it was the Great Depression that had drastically reduced opium demand; and pushed down the price; and many governments were restricting the production of narcotics mainly in the hope of keeping the drug prices from falling further. When the drug traffic began to recover, the Convention was of little help in controlling it due to the huge profit from the illegal drugs.

Opium, Heroin, Morphia of illegal trade by the Britain, U.S., Japan and other Western Christian countries, became one of the world's most valuable commodity at the expense of China, but NONE of them would allow the opium to be sold in their own countries.

The eminent Harvard historian J.K Fairbank described it as "The most long continued and systematic International Crime of modern times" - 150 years of "International Crime" against China , by the Axis of Evil of Colonial Terrorism.

With Mussolini leaving the League, Hitler ignoring it, the Japanese defied it by occupying northern China in 1931 and later declared Manchuria was to be independent from China as the "Manchukuo" puppet state in 1932, then set up its Manchukuo Opium Monopoly only to follow the British Opium pattern.

Although Japan is a signatory to the agreement which forbids the import into China of morphia or of any appliances used in its manufacture or application. Since Morphia no longer can be purchased in Europe, the seat of industry has been transferred to Japan, and morphia is now manufactured by the Japanese themselves. Literally, tens of millions of yen are transferred annually from China to Japan for the payment of Japanese morphia.

Through Dairen, morphia circulates throughout Manchuria and the province adjoining; through Tsingtao, morphia is distributed over Shantung province, Anhui, and Kiangsu, while from Taiwan morphia is carried with opium and other contraband by motor-driven fishing boats to some point on the mainland China, from which it is distributed throughout the province of Fukien and the north of Kuangtung. Everywhere it is sold by Japanese under the extra-territorial protection."

For details, refer to Japan's Opium Monopoly - Japan as an Opium, Heroin, Morphia Drug Distributor in China.

In 1935, Peter Fleming visited Manchukuo for the Times to determine the question, "Is the monopoly a crusade or a racket ?". On the evidence, he decided, it was clearly a racket. In Japan's "Manchukuo" puppet state , Japanese open the "Opium Dens" or "Opium Divans" to all, even teenagers; consumption was increasing; and the monopoly was already making huge profits as the Japanese authorities cynically acknowledged, by imprinting a flowering poppy on their Manchukuo coins.

In 1944, Violet Sweet Haven, a journalist working in Asia, described in her book "Gentlemen of Japan : A Study in Rapist Diplomacy" : "The Harbin and Dairen narcotics factories were financed by the Mitsui and Suzuki banking houses ..... Japanese military found that the opium-smoking Chinese troops were the first to surrender and that the dope addicts of Mukden were the least troublesome of the civilian population ..... ordered factories opened in Harbin and Dairen to convert raw opium into heroin and morphine ..... A new kind of cigarette, which peddlers sold for less than the cheapest Chinese smoke or gave away free ..... The cigarettes were no bargain, for they were filled with heroin, and addiction to drugs swept through these areas ....."

"Opium was too dirty and it has been kept secret until now" said Hideo Kobayashi, a professor at Waseda University in Tokyo. The latest finding in the document on the Japanese-run opium firm Hung Chi Shan Tang, now kept in the National Diet Library, reveals Japan used opium to gain economic hegemony over China's yuan-based legal tender in the 1940s, using it to bolster the Military Yen "gunpyo" scrip. Japan issued Military Yen "gunpyo" to procure materials in China, using the scrip to subvert China's legal tender. He said Tokyo was engaged directly in the currency operation involving opium. The document shows the amount of opium exchanged for gunpyo was valued at "nearly Yen 100 Million" in 1942. "This is a tremendous amount. Opium would make a perfect weapon (against legal tender) because its sales were huge," Kobayashi said.

The WMD Drug Warfare was conducted with full approval from Tokyo as a state policy, under the directives of an official Japanese umbrella organization, the China Affairs Board, run by Prince Konoye.

Japan, not only was one of the Axis of Evil of the International Drug Holocaust , but also continued the Chronic Drug Massacre during Asian Holocaust to gain huge profit from the addictive WMD Drug Warfare to finance its war machine with the creation of tens of millions of Chinese drug addicts.

This WMD Biological Warfare is definitely the worst crime case of systematic biological massacre against Humanity committed by a country in our Human History. After 60 years, antibodies of bubonic plague still exist in rats, dogs, cats and other animals. Outbreak still haunts the Chinese cities to this day.

"The fellow knew that it was over for him, and so he didn't struggle." recalled the old former medical assistant of a Japanese Army unit in China in World War II, "But when I picked up the scalpel that's when he began screaming. I cut him open from the chest to the stomach, and he screamed terribly, and his face was all twisted in agony. He made this unimaginable sound, he was screaming so horribly. But then finally he stopped." The former medical assistant who insisted on anonymity, explained the reason for the vivisection. The Chinese prisoner had been deliberately infected with the plague as part of a research project.

Imperial Japan's biological killing fields are a lost chapter of history that the full horror of which is only recently been exposed and understood in all its enormity.

Japan set up Headquarters of Unit 731 in Ping Fan near Harbin and Unit 100 in ChangChun, and Mukden, now called SunYang, in China to develop plague bombs for use in WWII. The base was disguised as Epidemic Prevention and Water Supply Unit. The complex in Ping Fan was completed in 1939, contained more than 150 buildings, including 2 secret prisons and 3 crematoria, and was the largest WMD Biological Weapon research center in the world.

After infecting him, the researchers decided to cut him open alive, tear him apart, organ by organ, to see what the disease does to a man's inside. Often no anesthetic was used, he said, out of concern that it might have an effect on the results.

From July 1993 to Dec. 1994, the "Unit 731 Exhibition" toured Japan and presented at 61 locations over the course of one and half year. It had sent shockwaves throughout Japan. Hal Gold had collected many testimonies in his book "Unit 731: Testimony; Japan's Wartime Human Experimentation and the Post-War Cover-up". One of the testimonies was provided by an aged former Japanese doctor Kurumizawa Masakuni :

The Chinese woman victim had regained her consciousness while being vivisected alive.
" She opened her eyes. "
" And then ? "
" She hollered. "
" What did she say ? "
Kurumizawa could not answer, then began weeping feebly and murmured,
" I don't want to think about it again. "
The interviewee apologized, waited a few seconds, and tried again for an answer.
He gave it through sobs.
" She said, "It's all right to kill me, but please spare my child's life."

Japanese Dr. Kanisawa testified in NBC Dateline "Factory of Death: Unit 731" on Aug. 15, 1995, the live un-anesthetized dissection was a routine common practice in all units.

"The 1st time, I was very hesitant to do what I was told to do.
The 2nd time, you get used to it.
The 3rd time, you more or less volunteered."

Yoshio Shinozuka, former member of Unit 731 came to Harbin in 1939 and were given various orders, said "The one I can remember clearly even now was 'Don't look, don't listen, and most importantly of all, don't tell anyone what happens here".

"The first time, my legs were shaking so badly I could hardly stand up". He knew the person on the operating table, " At the vivisection, I could not meet his eyes because of the hate he had in his glare at me."

"We called the victims 'logs," he said, "We didn't want to think of them as people. We didn't want to admit that we were taking lives. So we convinced ourselves that what we were doing was like cutting down a tree. When you see someone in that state, you just can't move. Your mind goes blank. The fear is overwhelming." said Yoshio.

The research program was one of the great secrets of Japan during and after World War II : a vast project to develop weapons of WMD Biological Warfare including following deadly diseases :

Unit 731 & Unit 100 were comprised of over 3,000 researchers and technicians. It was a gigantic research center focused on WMD Biological Weapons - the world's most technically advanced at the time, used human as the guinea pigs, known as marutas (logs). The Japanese told the locals that the facilities were lumber mills.

The Ping Fan facility alone could monthly "manufacture as much as 300 kg of plague bacteria... 500-600 kg of anthrax germs, 800-900 kg typhoid, paratyphoid, or dysentery germs, or as much as 1000 kg of cholera germs." If several different diseases were manufactured simultaneously, then the total production of pathogens could be many times higher.

A former member of Unit 731 testified that "to eliminate any chance of leaking out the secret of construction of the 'Square Buildings' by the laborers, they are all sent to special prison and used as the first batch of test objects."

More than 10,000 Chinese, Korean and Russian PoWs were slaughtered in these biological experiments.

Only 277 of the victims that were killed by Unit 731 have been identified, mostly through records of the Japanese transportation units that delivered them to Ping Fan. Their names are engraved today in a memorial in the Ping Fan museum.

The vivisection was routinely used for practicing various kinds of surgery says Dr. Ken Yuasa, a former Japanese doctor working in China during the War. First an appendectomy, then an amputation of an arm and finally a tracheotomy. When they finished practicing, they killed the victim with an injection. "I was evil. I was a devil," Dr. Ken Yuasa says sadly. "We all were." Morimura Seiichi describes in explicit details of vivisection in his book "The Devouring Monster".

Medical researchers also locked up diseased prisoners with healthy ones, to see how readily various diseases would spread.

To determine how much pressure the body can withstand, some were put inside a pressure chamber would suffer terrible agony before their eyes pop out from their sockets and blood forced out through their skin.

Marutas were denied food or water to determine the maximum length of survival, or mummified alive in total dehydration experiments. "what happened when a human being did not have water for a week. He would go insane. With water but without food, a person could last 50 to 60 days." said Toshimo Mizobuchi, a former Unit 731 instructor. Some were put into hot water and gradually increase the temperature to study degree of burns and the relationship between temperature and survival.

To determine the treatment of frostbite, prisoners were taken outside in freezing weather and left with exposed arms, periodically drenched with water until frozen solid. The arm was later amputated, the doctors would repeat the process on the victim's upper arm to the shoulder. After both arms were gone, the doctors moved on to the legs until only a head and torso remained. The victim was then used for plague and pathogens experiments.

Victims were burned with flamethrowers, blown up with shrapnel, bombarded with lethal doses of X-ray, spun to death in centriguges, injected with animal blood, air bubbles, exposure to syphilis, surgical removal of stomachs with the esophagus then attached to the intestines, amputation of arms and reattachment on the opposite side, gassed to death in chambers .......

The doctors experimented on children and babies, even three-day-old baby measuring the temperature with a needle stuck inside the infant's middle finger to keep it straight to prevent the baby's hand clenching into a fist.

Victims were often taken to a proving ground called Anda, where they were tied to stakes and bombarded with test weapons to see how effective the new technologies were. Planes sprayed the zone with a plague culture or dropped bombs with plague-infected fleas to see how many people would die.

White-coated Japanese medics claiming to be from a government epidemic-prevention unit would arrive saying that they were there to implement hygiene measures or to administer vaccinations. After they left, the villages would become sick.

The Japanese army regularly conducted "Field Tests". Planes dropped plague-infected fleas over Ningbo in eastern China and over Changde in north-central China.

Japanese troops dropped cholera and typhoid cultures in water reservoirs, wells and ponds.

Cottony material and feathers coated with anthrax bacteria were used to spread the disease in an airborne manner, as such fibers had been found to be effective in keeping the bacteria alive long enough to reach the intended human victims.

Witnesses recall watching Japanese airplanes dropping a mixture of wheat, millet, soy beans, rice, cotton fibers, paper and fabric cuttings, aerial spraying pathogens over the cities . They all had been coated with the biological organism or with fleas and brought the germs to people.

Japanese distributed infected food, cakes, drink, clothes and children's candies to the locals.

The same mass infections were being repeated all over China, except in Tibet, Qinghai and Xinjiang.

"Glanders was a disease first found in horses, and it could attack human beings," said Furmanski. Human beings' legs are most affected by the disease. "Only one out of 20 people with the disease could survive.

Medical records showed that glanders had virtually been wiped out in 1906, but new cases suddently broke out in the 1940s during WWII in China."

U.S. doctor Michael Franzblau, professor of dermatology at the University of California, after visiting surviving victims in east China's Zhejiang Province, has confirmed that Japan used glanders bacterium to kill innocent Chinese civilians. Since 1996, Franzblau had put forward bills in 11 consecutive years to the World Medical Association demanding the Japan Medical Association admit Japan used biological weapons. However, the bill was blocked 11 times by the Japanese doctors in the World Medical Association.

Just few months after the Pearl Harbor on Apr 18, 1942, U.S. shocked Japan with its daring Tokyo Raid or the Doolittle Raid. Led by Jimmy Doolittle, 16 B-25 bombers broke through Japanese defenses and dropped bombs in Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka-Kobe, and Nagoya. It was a one-way mission. The planes continued west to the airfield at Chuchow, China. Short of the fuel, most of planes crashed or were ditched over China. Local Chinese hid U.S. survivors and escorted them to safety.

The dramatic Tokyo Raid stunned Japan with the -- True meaning of War.

Enraged Japanese army launched Operation Sei-Go to secure airfields and punish Chinese villager for helping US airmen. In retaliation, the Japanese launched a scorched earth campaign and used WMD Biological Weapons on a large scale.

Japanese planes had more than 600 air raids on towns and villages of East China. Japanese burnt to the ground those villages through which the airmen had passed.

"They killed my 3 sons," related one aged Chinese man. "They killed my wife. They drowned my grandchildren in the well."

Catching a villager who had sheltered an American pilot, Japanese soldiers wrapped him in a kerosene-soaked blanket, then forced his wife to set it afire.

The captured air raiders who were downed in Japan were beheaded in the palace square in front of Emperor Hirohito.

It was estimated about 250,000 Chinese civilians were murdered in the revenge.

Japanese showered 7 WMD Biological pathogens on Zhejiang province to retaliate the Doolittle Tokyo Raid.

Even today, one hard-hit village in Zhejiang still bears the nickname "Rotten-Leg Village" because so many older residents are scarred by glanders from the 1942 attacks. Their flesh are still rotten and have not been healed since they were attacked - they have been suffering for more than 60 years now.

"64 Years of Torture" - stories of WMD Biological Warfare victims in Zhejiang. The forgotten victims of biological warfare and the shocking pictures by the The Sunshine Project.

Sheldon H. Harris, a historian at California State University and author of the book, "Factories of Death: Japanese Biological Warfare 1932-45 and the American Cover-up" stressed that "My calculation, which is very conservative, and based on incomplete sources as the major archives are still closed, is that 10,000 to 12,000 human beings were exterminated in lab experiments".

Outside the 731 prisons, the "Field Tests" were carried out all over China except in Tibet, Qinghai and Xinjiang.

Scholars believe that the toll from Japanese-seeded cholera epidemics in the southern province of Yunnan alone may reach the staggering figure of 200,000 killed in May 1942.

"In that family, 3 generations were wiped out: great-grandmother, grandmother, grandson, the pregnant daughter-in-law and her baby – 5 people died," said Zhang WenZeng whose father was one of the victims. By the time he died, there were no adults left to carry the coffin. "I was just 14 years old, and all I could do was cry. Those who died, died very terrible deaths. You could hear them screaming loudly. They suffered terrible cramps and diarrhoea".

3 months later, another 200,000 die in Shandong province as a result of Unit 731's germ warfare.

In the Zhejiang province city of Quzhou alone, over 50,000 perished from bubonic plague and cholera .....

As the war was ending, Japanese purposely released all the plague-infected animals. The Northeastern China immediately became a disastrous area and caused outbreaks of plague that killed at least another 30,000 people from 1946 - 1948.

It is also called by some as the Asian Auschwitz of Unit 731.

In 1987, based on first-hand reports of the atrocities, filmmaker T.F. Mou (sometimes referred to as T.F. Mous) is probably best known as the director of the Man Behind the Sun (or Black Sun 731). He followed up later with another travelogue of Japanese war atrocities: Black Sun: The Nanking Massacre.

"There could be over 700,000 or even 1,000,000" lives lost to Japan's biowarfare program" said Daniel Barenblatt, author of new book A Plague Upon Humanity: The Secret Genocide of Axis Japan's Germ Warfare Operation.

Japanese General Dr. Ishii Shiro was much worse than Dr. Josef Mengele - the Nazi SS "Angel of Death". Japanese biological massacre committed were far worse than the Nazi's, and lasted much longer.

Japanese military scientists killed 12 times the number of civilians as did by the Nazi.

Nazi doctors were held accountable for their crimes in the famous 1947 "Nuremberg Doctors Trials", but there were NO comparable "Japanese Doctors Trial".

The research was kept secret after the war in part because the U.S. granted immunity from war crimes prosecution to the Japanese doctors in exchange for their data and helped covering up the human experiment - An act utterly ignored justice and against Humanity by U.S. This was equivalent to barter Auschwitz doctor Josef Mengele's freedom and cover-up in return for the results of his horrific human experiments.

On May 6 1947, in a radio message to Washington, MacArthur urged the combined US military and State Department group which supervised occupation policy in Japan to give "In Writing" immunity to Ishii and all others involved in the Japanese Germ Warfare and Human experiments.

On Dec 27 1949, MacArthur's Headquarters announced to the world "that the Japanese had done some experimentation with animals, but that there was no evidence they ever had used human beings."

Ken Yuasa, a frail 70-year-old physician in Tokyo, recalls joining other doctors to watch as a prisoner was shot in the stomach, to give Japanese surgeons practice at extracting bullets. While the victim was still alive, the doctors also practiced amputations. "It wasn't just my experience," Dr. Ken Yuasa says. "It was done everywhere."

Kyushu University was medical site where U.S. PoWs were incontrovertibly used in dissections. Dr. Toshio Tono recalled U.S. PoW Teddy Ponczka was given intravenous injections of sea water to determine if sea water could be used as a substitute for sterile saline solution. Dr. Toshio Tono held the bottle of sea water. He says Ponczka bled to death not as described by the U.S. military record.

Then it was the turns of other U.S. PoWs. The Japanese wanted to learn whether a patient could survive the partial loss of his liver. They wanted to learn if epilepsy could be controlled by removing part of the brain. According to U.S. military records, physicians also operated on the prisoners' stomachs and necks. All 8 U.S. PoWs died in various gruesome experiments.

Word of the experiments on the U.S. PoWs eventually leaked out. 30 people were brought to trial by an Allied war crimes tribunal in Yokohama in 1948. Charges included vivisection, wrongful removal of body parts and cannibalism - based on reports that the experimenters had eaten the livers of the Americans.

However, in June 1950 the attitude of U.S. government began to change because of the start of the Korean War. Japan was an enemy-turned-ally. In 1950, MacArthur reduced most of the sentences. By 1958, all were free. None of the death sentences was carried out.

NGO The Sunshine Project has discovered that even today US is still actively developing Biological and Chemical Weapon. On 24 Sept. 2002 Sunshine Project provided evidence for US Military Secret Chemical Weapons Program violating international law.

U.S. itself in 1943 also set up a major Biological Warfare program with 3,500 people at Camp Detrick, now Fort Detrick, in Frederic, MD. Instead of putting the ringleaders on trial, U.S. gave them stipends to gain some advantages in the WMD Biological Weapon.

On Aug. 13, 1985, British Independent Televison broadcast a documentary "Unit 731 - Did the Emperor Know ? ". It was producted by Peter Williams and David Wallace after years research, hinted broadly that Emperor Hirohito was aware of the human experiments. There was also an interview with retired Lt. Col. Murray Sanders, the first US investigator into Unit 731. Sanders claimed that Gen. Douglas MacArthur authorized him to make a deal with the Japanese if they cooperated with US Biological Warfare scientists.

The producers even sent a copy of the documentary film to the Japanese officials in London.

Murray Sanders was also interviewed by NBC Dateline "Factory of Death: Unit 731" on Aug. 15, 1995 said "It was a mistake for the criminal Japanese to have been pardoned."

William and Wallace also published the book " Unit 731: The Japanese Army's Secret of Secrets". For some reason, a chapter was omitted from the American edition. The chapter was titled " Korea War". They examined evidences from the International Scientific Commission for the Facts Concerning Bacterial Warfare in Korea and supported the theory of US-Japanese culpability of using Unit 731's germ techniques in Korean War.

The same conclusion was also reached by Professor Stephen Endicott and Edward Hagerman, author of 1998 book "The United States and Biological Warfare: Secrets from the early cold war and Korea", that "United States had an operational biological weapons system, and that it was employed in the Korea War."

Takai Matsumura, Japanese historian and economist at Tokyo's Keio University, said Japanese WMD Biological Warfare experiments were conducted in at least 10 other cities in China, including Hailar, Harbin, ChangChun, SunYang, Beijing, Nanjing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, as well as Singapore, Burma, Rangoon, Bangkok, possibly in Manila, East Indies.

There were minimum 26 known Japan's WMD killing laboratories in China.

In Philippines, vivisections were carried out at a rate of between once every 3 days and once a fortnight. Limbs were cut off, their blood vessels were sewn up and they underwent abdominal operations. Japanese medic admits vivisection on live victims in Philippines, including women and children. After keeping it to himself for nearly 61 years, he decided to come forward, "I did something cruel ..... I have a responsibility to speak the Truth about the war." said Akira Makino, 84, a resident of Hirakata, Osaka Prefecture. "The souls of those who died would not be soothed if the story remained buried," he said.

In Philippine, Mr. Akira Makino cut open 10 Filipino prisoners, including two teenage girls. He amputated their limbs and cut up and removed their livers, kidneys, wombs and still beating hearts for no better reason than to improve his knowledge of anatomy. The lieutenant cut him open, and pointed out, Here’s the liver, here’s the kidneys, here’s the heart’. The heart was still beating, then he cut the heart open and showed me the inside. That was when he died.

U.S. thundering SILENCE on this issue has allowed the Japanese Government to maintain that there is not enough evidence to prove that the Chinese are telling the truth. When Japanese journalists and academics have stumbled over crucial validating evidence in government archives, the material has been confiscated and re-classified.

However, 2 declassified U.S. government documents, found in Aug. 2005 in the U.S. National Archives by professor Keiichi Tsuneishi at Kanagawa University and an expert on WMD Biological and Chemical Weapons, have clearly confirmed that the U.S. provided money, food, gifts, entertainment and other kinds of rewards to the former Unit 731 members, even 2 years after the War to obtain data on human experiments conducted in China, according to the report.

When neither Japan nor U.S. are prepared to admit to either the crimes or cover-up, a small group of conscientious Japanese human rights activists, doctors, lawyers and former soldiers formed an un-precedented alliance with the Chinese.

Senior Japanese lawyers are acting for the Chinese, among them Tsuchiya Koken, the former president of the Japanese Lawyers Association. Few old Japanese soldiers who worked on the biological warfare programme have also come forward to give evidence. Their stance exposes themselves to abuse at home and accusations from ultra-nationalists that they are traitors.

"The brutality my parents generation committed in the name of war has to be resolved and addressed by my generation" said Keichiro Ichinose, one of the Japanese lawyers.

In 1995, they formed the national Lawyers Group for Chinese War Victims’ Compensation Claims.

In 1997, 108 survivors and family members, including Wu Shi-Gen, filed a lawsuit against the Japanese Government demanding apology and 10 million yen compensation per victim of biological weapons and acts of brutality. The thousands of victims included 2,100 civilians, whose personal details have been verified in China.

In October 1940, Japanese warplanes that had passed over Wu Shi-Gen's village in Quzhou, southern China, but the bombs dropped did not explode. From them poured a mixture of rice and wheat covered with fleas. Few days later, many villagers were struck down by sickness. His 9 year old brother had bubonic plague.

It is an agonising disease glands swell to the size of grapefruit, limbs fill with fluid and whole areas of flesh turn deep purple. Eventually, his brother died screaming. The plague also killed his 2-year-old sister. His father was also bayoneted to death by a Japanese soldier.

Wang Xuan, whose uncle was killed by the plague, after 8 years relentless fight with the Japanese Government has finally succeeded in making her voice heard around the world. Without any government support, she had to pay out of her own pocket for the investigation. Her endeavours have drawn attention from media and experts both at home and abroad.

Her devotion to Exposing Japan's Germ Warfare, is described by some as the Portrait of a Heroine: Shouting the pain from Japan's Germ Attacks, "If we wait for governments to settle this matter, we will die and the Truth will never come out." She was interviewed by PBS and BBC for their documentary films, including: " Unit 731: Nightmare in Manchuria " , " Rotten Foot Village " and the most recent " Avoiding Armageddon".

She used to live in rural village called Yiwu on China's east coast. She shows visitors the Tragedy Pavilion which lists 1,500 plague victims, and describes how Unit 731 dropped plague-infected fleas from aircraft and killed 20 villagers a day at one point in 1942. She lost her uncle and one third of her village to the germs. She then leads visitors through the gray-brick Buddhist temple where the Japanese performed autopsies to gauge the impact of their biological tests. "It's like end of the world and there was a young woman, about 20 years old, was vivisected in this temple, behind me in the temple and the villagers still remember her scream. She said I'm not dead yet, don’t cut me open."

"Biological Weapons are not History, they are still a reality in China", says Wang Xuan. She wants Japan to apologise and make a compensatory payment to the victims. " Sorry is Not Enough", she says.

In city Quzhou, Dr. Qiu Ming Xuan of city's disease prevention centre has been researching the subject for 4 decades. Dr. Qiu said, "The city of Quzhou has a history of 1,800 years. Before 1940 there had never been bubonic plague. But, after 1942, typhoid and anthrax cases also occurred."

Mr. Fang Shinong’s family became outcasts isolated by the village out of fear of the disease. His mother and grandparents were all killed by Japanese bubonic plague. Altogether, his family lost 7 members.

"I want justice. If I die, my son will take over what I’m doing. We want the Japanese government to admit it. Fact is fact, it cannot be hidden. We want justice and compensation." said Fang.

Just East of Quzhou lies the area of Yafang Rotten Leg Village with victims all have suffered from gaping flesh wounds on their legs - which never heal.

For 63 years, Mr. Chen Chong Wen has had to change the bandages daily on his leg infected by “Rotten Leg Disease" known as glanders. His mother was also infected. And not too long after her heel rotted off, and died in terrible pain. With a pained expression on his face, he sobbed loudly, "I don't want anything else. I just want the wound to close. That's the only thing I want."

Wang Xuan has assembled 180 Chinese victims and is now suing Japan, charging that Japan had spread bubonic plague and other diseases in China during WWII. However, in 2002, Tokyo District Court rejected their claim for an apology and compensation.

Eisuke Matsui, Japanese Professor of radiology at Gifu University school of Medicine, said he was compelled to uncover Japan's germ warfare in order to educate the young generation of Japan.

Japanese military training leader of Unit 731, Tomobuchi testifed in NBC Dateline Aug. 15, 1995 "Factory of Death: Unit 731" that he participated in July 1945, in training kamikaze pilots for "akura at Night" (flowers at night), a secret military plan to use five submarines, each carrying few small aircraft to the California coast where they would attack San Diego with "plague bombs" full of infected fleas.

"They were logs to me," said Toshimi Mizobuchi remorselessly, former Unit 731 member and now a real estate manager living outside the Japanese city of Kobe, "Logs were not considered to be human. They were either spies or conspirators already sentenced to death. So now they died a second time. We just executed a death sentence." He said reunion for the several hundred veterans of Unit 731 was held almost every year. He had organized one of the reunion.

When the war was lost, Mizobuchi was given the job of destroying the evidence, including left over prisoners. "Usually we sent air through pipes into the room, but instead, methane gas was pumped in. They all choked to death. I am proud of what we did. If I was younger, I'd consider doing it all again because it was an interesting Unit."

As the war was ending, Japan waited and intended to use plague germs if American had landed on Okinawa. Ironically, Okinawa themselves never knew the plan until Jan. 1994 when the Unit 731 Exhibition opened there. Ito Kageaki recalled, " Okinawa could be thrown away if Japan could gain some military advantage." One local said, "This makes the sacrifices in the Okinawa Battle even more pitiful."

Okinawa Battle had killed approx. 100,000 Japanese soldiers (including local Okinawa conscripts), 12,000 US soldiers, and 100,000 - 150,000 Okinawans civilians. About 1/3 of the population of island were killed. Total death in the Battle of Okinawa is more than the Atomic Bombs of Nagasaki and Hiroshima combined.

In 1981, an article Japan's Biological Weapons: 1930-1945 A Hidden Chapter in History published in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists had drawn much wider public attention to the Japanese inhuman atrocities. In the beginning of the article, it said,

"When this story first reached the Bulletin, our reaction was horrified disbelief. I think all of us hoped that it was not true. Unfortunately, subsequent research shows that it is all too true. In order to verify the facts set forth here we enlisted the help of a number of distinguished scientists and historians......."

The article continues: "Any reader with a sense of justice and decency will be nauseated, not only by these atrocities, but equally so by the reaction of the U.S...... By acquiring "at a fraction of the original cost" the "invaluable" results of the Japanese experiments, have we not put ourselves on the same level as the Japanese experimenters ?......."

In Oct. 1999, in a Letter to Senator Dianne Feinstein for the Bill S.9102 , i.e. the Disclosure Act of Japanese War Crime Documents, History Professor Sheldon H. Harris of California State University emphatically stated in his letter that :

The ""sensitive" documents as defined by archivists and FOIA officers are at the moment being destroyed...... Three examples of this wanton destruction......" by U.S.

1. "In 1991, the Librarian at Dugway Proving Grounds, Dugway, Utah, denied me access to the archives at the facility. It was only through the intervention of then U.S. Representative Wayne Owens, Dem., Utah, that I was given permission to visit the facility. I was not shown all the holdings relating to Japanese medical experiments, but the little I was permitted to examine revealed a great deal of information about medical war crimes. Sometimes after my visit, a person with intimate knowledge of Dugway's operations, "informed me that "sensitive" documents were destroyed there as a direct result of my research in their library."

2. "I conducted much of my American research at Fort Detrick in Frederick, Md. The Public Information Officer there was extremely helpful to me. Two weeks ago I telephoned Detrick, was informed that the PIO had retired last May. I spoke with the new PIO, who told me that Detrick no longer would discuss past research activities, but would disclose information only on current projects. Later that day I telephoned the retired PIO at his home. He "informed me that upon retiring he was told to "get rid of that stuff", meaning incriminating documents relating to Japanese medical war crimes. Detrick no longer is a viable research center for historians."

3. "Within the past 2 weeks, "I was informed that the Pentagon, for "space reasons", decided to rid itself of all biological warfare documents in its holdings prior to 1949. The date is important, because all war crimes trials against accused Japanese war criminals were terminated by 1949. Thus, current Pentagon materials could not implicate alleged Japanese war criminals. Fortunately, a private research facility in Washington volunteered to retrieve the documents in question. This research facility now holds the documents, is currently cataloguing them (estimated completion time, at least twelve months), and is guarding the documents under "tight security".

"After 60 years, we are still finding positive antibodies of bubonic plague in rats, dogs, cats and other animals. Every year a certain number of healthy people develop typhoid. Japan's Germ Warfare has left behind problems that still threaten our lives." said Qiu Mingxuan, a Chinese doctor, "Environmental pollution and damage to the ecosystem are very serious. The issue is still threatening people in China."

Fears of another outbreak still haunt the Chinese cities to this day.

Daniel Barenblatt, author of new book "A Plague Upon Humanity: The Secret Genocide of Axis Japan's Germ Warfare Operation", said in a recent interview, "There could be over 700,000 or even 1,000,000 lives lost to Japan's Bio-Warfare programme.... The plague bacteria released then still lingers on in some animal populations today. It is still there.... rodents still test positive for antibodies to the bubonic plague .... What the US did in making the deal with top doctors is unconscionable. As far as we know, no one in the US government raised any more objection to it."

Dr. Michael Franzblau, Professor at the University of California said, "I am troubled by the fact that we were willing, we the Americans, were willing to cut a deal in my judgement for very, very small gains. Not a single physician involved in this barbaric action of Unit 731 was ever punished. As a matter of fact, many of them went on to be important physicians in Japan, becoming deans of medical schools, becoming heads of pharmaceutical associations or companies. And finally the head of one of the most prestigious scientific organisations in Japan, an organisation devoted to the study of infectious diseases."

In 2001, in the Tokyo District Court, former Japanese member of Unit 731 told the court that he prepared plague-infected rats to be dropped from airplanes, and scrubbed for autopsies the bodies of prisoners killed in plague experiments. A 2nd former member testified that he air-dropped plague-infected fleas near Hangzhou in 1940 and Nanjing in 1941.

In Aug. 2002, after 27 court hearings since 1998, and with former Unit 731 Japanese soldiers including Yoshio Shinozuka, came forward as witnesses, Japanese court had NO choice and finally was forced to recognize for the FIRST TIME that Japan had conducted WMD Biological Warfare in China, but rejected the demand for apology and compensation.

Yoshio Shinozuka said, "I just want to spread the truth as much as I can. These vicious acts must be exposed. As for the victims’ families .... I want to help them as much as I can. This is my way of showing my apology."

However, the Japanese government still refuses to admit that Japan ever waged WMD Biological Warfare saying -- lack of evidence -- to this day.

In a Satellite Video Link Conference of Japanese War Crimes in 1998, Sheldon Harris, professor emeritus of history at California State University and author of the book, "Factories of Death: Japanese Biological Warfare 1932-45 and the American Cover-up" stressed that :

"The U.S. government is as culpable for inaction as Japan, and the Canadian, British, Dutch and Australian governments knew about it ... While the US "bears a major responsibility" for the coverup of Unit 731, the greater responsibility lies with Japanese."

Pointing to the Nazi Concentration Camp of Auschwitz in Poland and the Hiroshima Peace Memorial in Japan as precedents for UNESCO protection of war ruins, China would seek UNESCO World Heritage protection for the ruins of a Japanese WMD Biological Warfare center of Unit 731 in Harbin, including its laboratories, prisons and crematoria used for experiments on humans to develop WMD Biological Weapons.

In 2005, Evidence of vast plant that Japan used PoWs as human guinea pigs in WMD Chemical and Biological Warfare found in remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China. "It covers an area of 40 square miles. It may be the largest and best-preserved gas experiment site in the world ..... Japan conducted WMD Chemical and WMD Germ Warfare in 2/3 of the country, but especially in the north, north-east and south of China," said Mr Jin Chengmin. "It should be qualified for World Heritage status. The ruins serve as a permanent reminder of the atrocities Japanese troops committed in China."

This WMD Chemical Warfare is definitely the worst crime case of systematic chemical massacre against Humanity committed by a country in our Human History. After 60 years, the WMD Chemical Death toll and WMD Injuries including Children are still rising to this day.

Japan refused to acknowledge formally that WMD Chemical Weapon were used, despite the discovery of huge quantity left behind.

In Feb. 2000, a road construction team discovered about 20,000 WMD Chemical Weapon metal canisters lay buried atop the Yellow Beard Mountain, Nanjing, showing for the first time that Japanese forces deployed WMD Chemical Weapon during their invasion of the Chinese capital where Japan committed its infamous Nanjing Massacre in 1937.

The size of the WMD Chemical Weapon, experts say, is enough to put Yellow Beard Mountain near the top of the list of places around the world.

Most startling is the fact that the stockpile in Nanjing represents just a tiny fraction of the WMD Chemical Weapon in China left behind by Japanese army.

Only in November 1995, after US declassified documents pertaining to the weapons, did the Japanese government admit that it had used "lethal gases". according to a report in 2001 by the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London.

During the final weeks of WWII, Japanese lmperial Army truckloaded thousands of WMD Chemical Weapons, including mustard gas and another lethal toxin and dumped them into the Nen River, northeast China. The dumping was part of a secret campaign to erase evidence of Japan's Chemical War against China.

Only recently the Japanese government begun to admit to their work on these weapons of mass destruction by Unit 516, Japan's top-secret WMD Chemical Weapons research facility in Qiqihar, China.

On Aug. 12, 1945 former soldier Masaji Takahashi, now a 77-year-old retired barber, supervised the disposal of WMD chemicals in the Nen River. The order, recalled Takahashi in 1998, "was to throw them from the bridge" into Nen River.

Japanese WMD dumping was much worse and harmful than the U.S. dumped WMD Chemical Weapons off foreign countries' shores.

In 1929, in defiance of the 1925 Geneva Protocol banning WMD Chemical Weapons, Japan seceretly began building a production facility so secret that its location, Okunoshima Island in Takehara, Hiroshima Prefecture, was erased from unclassified Japanese maps. Dubbed "Island of Great Hardships".

The facility had 6,000 workers and produced toxins 1,200 tons annually for Japanese 7 Million WMD Chemical Weapons. Gases were also injected into shells and bomb casings at the Sone Armory in Fukuoka Prefecture; and the navy's WMD Chemical Weapons plant was located in Samukawa, Kanagawa Prefecture.

Japan produced an estimated 7 Million WMD Chemical Bombs, for which 4 Million are currently un-accounted , of which 2 Million could be scattered in China.

Yoshiaki Yoshimi, professor of modern and contemporary Japanese history at Chuo University, based on the incomplete declassified U.S. Army documents at the National Archives in Washington D.C. and a six-volume intelligence report on Japanese chemical warfare, compiled by the General Headquarters of the U.S. Army Forces Pacific in May 1946, he has estimated Japan had produced 1,646,326 units of WMD chemical weapons from 1938 through 1943.

Keiichi Tsuneishi, professor at Kanagawa University, obtained a copy of 10 papers from a former Imperial Army officer. The documents indicate that Japan had produced 5.18 Million poison gas shells (6.100 tons of poison gas) between 1931 and 1945 on Okuno Island in Hiroshima Prefecture.

In 1931, the "Hardships" spread to China. Japan invaded Manchuria, a resource-rich industrial region, and established Unit 516 staffed with 3,000 personnel in Qiqihar to develop and test a modern chemical arsenal. The facility perfected a variety of WMD Chemical Weapons, from deadly smoke "candles" to chemical grenades, mortars and heavy artillery - all manufactured with Okunoshima's poisons.

Japanese troops used these WMD Chemical Weapons almost from the day they started full invasion in China 1937. They launched 375 separate chemical attacks in a four-month campaign to conquer Wuhan.

Benjamin C. Garrett, one of the world's leading experts in Chemical Weapons, has visited China. He has found 6 types of gases the Japanese used in WMD Chemical Weapons against Chinese:

According to Peter O'Meara Evans author of BICC Paper13: Destruction of Abandoned Chemical Weapons in China, estimated that Japan during its 14 years brutal WWII invasion in China, had used Chemical Weapons in China more than in any other country and
Japan had used WMD Chemical Weapons in 889 - 2,900 battles in China.

After the war, China began gathering Japanese abandoned WMD chemical weapons (for details, see Abandoned Chemical Weapons in China and also Abandoned and Old Japanese Chemical Weapons) and burying them in remote Dunhua County, in Haerbaling, Jilin province. The 2 large pits, interred a vast stockpile of munitions: 670,000 artillery and mortar shells, smoke canisters, huge drums of chemicals.

It is now Asia's most dangerous dump. The two massive pits contain more than half a million munitions shells. Official warned that an accidental explosion in Dunhua would kill everything, even grass, within a 200 kilometer radius.

According to a Chinese report : Some information on discovered chemical weapons abandoned in China by a foreign state, chemical ordnance in varying amounts has been found in few other provinces (Jilin, Sangdon, Hebei, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia etc).

It has been estimated that 700,000 - 2,000,000 Chemical Bombs most of them loaded with mustard gas and many of them corroded and leaking, are still scattered in China.

Japan has an obligation to remove these weapons within 10 years, under the terms of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), which came into effect in April 1997.

OPCW reaffirmed in May 2000 that it held Japan responsible for destroying all these abandoned deadly WMD chemical weapons and Abandoned and Old Japanese Chemical Weapons.

The chemical warheads have continued to injure and kill, harming as many as 2,000 Chinese and damaging the environment. The rotten chemicals leaked from these munitions are continuing to pollute people's health, rivers and underground waters.

China is now home to the world's largest chemical weapons cleanup campaign for 700,000 - 2,000,000 Chemical Bombs.

" This is something that has been done before, but NOT on that scale," said Abu Talib, a chemical weapons expert from Mitretek Systems in Falls Church, Va. in U.S., " Most of the Chemical Weapons around the world, you're talking hundreds and thousands -- NOT such a huge pile."

Whether such a monumental task can be completed by 2007, the deadline imposed by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, remains to be seen because Japan has been slow in this chemicals cleanup despite its promise.

Japan's agreement to clean up the arms also came after years of contention and negotiation hampered by Tokyo's long refusal to acknowledge formally that such munitions were used, despite the discovery of so many left behind. The difficulty of the decommissioning project in China is compounded by the leftover weapons' age, condition, mixed content and sheer quantity.

However, some progress has been made. For details, refer to October 2002 report by the Abandoned Chemical Weapons (ACW) Office : Outline of the Project for the Destruction of Abandoned Chemical Weapons (ACW) in China (ACW Destruction Project).

In June 2005, Japan finally decided to spend US$1.9 billion to build a factory in China to dispose its WMD Chemical Weapons abandoned in WWII.

After the war, China has repeatedly demanded Japan to provide all WMD burial sites information of these deadly WMD Chemical Weapons. Unfortunately, Japan has flatly refused to cooperate.

As a result of Japan's WMD refusal, WMD Chemical Weapons continue to threaten everyday people at 40 sites in 15 provinces and autonomous regions.

At least 2,000 Chinese have so far become victims of the discarded 700,000 - 2,000,000 Japanese WMD Chemical Weapons since the war ended.

Japanese freelance director Tomoko Kana was on a sightseeing tour of China in 2003 when she came across a waitress whose life was so miserable that Kana had to find out her story. Kana completed her doucmentary film in 2004 "From the Land of Bitter Tears", based on interviews with about 60 people who had become victims of the Japanese WMD Chemical Weapons after the end of War.

"It was shocking to learn that someone younger than I am is still suffering from damage incurred by Japan's past warfare" said Kana. "The abandoned weapons issue is little known in Japan," she said, "The way Chinese people feel about this issue is very similar to how Japanese feel about North Korea's abductions of Japanese."

"As a Japanese, their story was often too painful to listen to," Kana said. "As a TV director, I interviewed many Japanese victims of the war, but this was the first time I felt like giving up shooting and running away."

In 1995, road workers accidentally set off an abandoned WMD Chemical Weapon, killing 2 people and injuring several others.

The Japanese WMD blew off the arms and legs of Min Liu's father. He suffered serious burns over entire body and died 18 days later. The medical bills for his treatment left a huge debt when she was only a teenager. Min Liu was hoping of becoming a school teacher, but she and her brother had no choice but to leave school and work to pay off her father's medical bills.

The film captured the emotional Liu and 3 other victims from separate incidents has been on, including the scene of Liu giving a tearful hug to her mother while the mother burst into tears, confessing that she pulled the plug on her injured husband because family could not pay the medical bills and thus took him out of the hospital. He died the following day.

One victim accidentally inhaled the poisonous gas from a WMD Chemical Weapon unearthed at a construction site and had to wake up repeatedly at night coughing sputum. He has not slept through a single night for the past 20 years.

Li Cheng, 59, became another victim of Japanse WMD when he touched a mysterious container while working on a dredge ship at the age of 29. Water blisters covered his body and his genital and internal organs were injured. His family had fallen to a life of extreme poverty in the past 30 years. He has attempted suicide twice in an attempt to ease his family's financial burden.

In Aug. 2003, a scrap metal collector in Northeastern China, Qiqihar had mistakenly uncovered 5 drums filled with WMD mustard gas left by the Japanese. harmed more than 40 people. One man had chemical burns over 95% of his body and died later. Others had suffered from vomiting to severe burns.

In an ironical denial, Japan agreed to pay 300 million yen over mustard gas, but NOT as Compensation, insisting ONLY as "Fees for operations to dispose of abandoned WMD Chemical Weapons".

Japan has apologized to China for the incident. Japanese and Chinese working team recently completed sealing up 724 pieces of WMD Chemical Weapons along with five barrels of mustard gas and interview with Japanese official.

China displays WMD Chemical Weapons dug up jointly with Japan.

This is the FIRST official acknowledgement by the Japanese Government that Japan during WWII used WMD Chemical Weapon (mustard gas).

The next step should be the official acknowledgement of the use of the WMD Biological Weapon by the infamous Unit 731.

In July 2004, Two Chinese children playing near a river in Dunhua, Jilin Province, injured by mustard gas leaked from the Japanese WMD Chemical Weapon.

In June 2005, Another 3 Chinese injured by Japanese WMD Chemical Weapons.

In vivid contrast, the Japanese government spends some 3 billion yen (US$ 24.8 million) annually to provide free medical care and other social benefits to about 4,500 Japanese who worked at 3 WMD Chemical Weapons factories during the War.

In July 2005, Evidence of vast plant that Japan used PoWs as human guinea pigs in WMD Chemical and Biological Warfare found in remote grasslands of Inner Mongolia, China. "It covers an area of 40 square miles. It may be the largest and best-preserved gas experiment site in the world ..... Japan conducted WMD Chemical and WMD Germ Warfare in 2/3 of the country, but especially in the north, north-east and south of China," said Mr Jin Chengmin. "It should be qualified for World Heritage status. The ruins serve as a permanent reminder of the atrocities Japanese troops committed in China."

In Ning'an of Heilongjiang China, another 689 shells and bombs were unearthed in July 2006, of which 210 were confirmed to be WMD Chemical Weapons.

Japan has an obligation to remove these weapons within 10 years starting 1997, under the terms of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), which came into effect in April 1997. OPCW reaffirmed in May 2000 that it held Japan responsible for destroying all its abandoned deadly WMD chemical weapons.

However, Japan is unlikely to honor the 2007 deadline imposed by OPCW because the joint digs and collections have been going on for 9 years, so far Japan has not destroyed a single Japanese WMD Chemical Weapon that has been unearthed. Japan's initial obliged deadline is now extended. Japan is now obliged to finish clean up by 2012 under an international treaty. However, there is already delay caused by corrpution in Japan WMD Chemical Weapon cleanup.

As a result, Chinese civilian WMD Death Toll and WMD Injuries including Children continue to rise due to Japanese abandonded WMD deadly weapons to this day .........

This immense scale of criminal enrichment through extortion, pillage, slavery, sex slaves & drugs is definitely the worst case of criminal enrichment against Humanity committed by a country in our modern History. Like ALL the Western colonial countries, Japan today's prosperity is also built upon the Criminal Enrichment foundation of its long brutal past.

In the past, Japan had NEVER been a rich country during its long history. Japan was always a poor country. Japan had been a poor country for more than thousand years. To its neighbouring countries, Japan was well known as the ruthless sea pirate along the sea coast line.

Exactly like ALL the Western colonial rich countries i.e. G8 , Japan also became a rich country mainly through various brutal colonial Crimes. But, in terms of morality and ethics, Japan is the world’s poorest nation.

Back in 1895, one would truly become speechless if recalls the fact that, Japan extorted a phenomenal huge sum of JiaWu War (first Sino-Japanese War) reparation - Treaty of Maguan (Shimonoseki) from China, i.e. on top of Taiwan, the Pescadores (Penghu) and Liaotung peninsula etc, China also had to pay war indemnity 231 Million taels, i.e. more than 8.5 Million kg of silver.

In 1901, nearly bankrupt China also had to pay 450 Million taels of silver in 39 years with 4 % yearly interest rate for the Boxer Rebellion War indemnity to eight foreign colonial powers ( G8 - Canada + Austria ), i.e. U.S., Britain, France, Germany, Russia, Italy, Austria, and Japan, i.e. approx. 17 Million kg of silver.

So great vast sum of money for any wealthy nation let alone one as poor as China. Fortunately, a Chinese ambassador in US discovered that U.S. had "mis-calculated" its demand for the Boxer War Indemnity, i.e. over-charged 2.5 times more than should be. Reluctantly, U.S. and later Britain had no choice but to earmark the "mis-calculated Chinese money" for overseas education of Chinese students as the Boxer Fellowship, e.g. Chen Ning Yang, a Nobel Prize-winning theoretical physicist and also famous for the Yang-Mills Theory, for our current understanding of subatomic particles. The "mis-calculated Chinese money" later formed basis of the famous China's MIT, Tsinghua University.

Japan got 34.7 million plus interest of 41 million taels of silver from the Boxer War Indemnity.

Total War Indemnity that China had to pay Japan alone was a staggering capital 265 million plus interest 321 million taels of silver (i.e. Total 586 Million taels of silver in 1895, about 7 times China's annual revenue), i.e. approx. 22 Million kg of silver.

China could not pay the crushing staggering War Indemnity and had to borrow money from several Western countries and paid heavy interest.

In fact, China continued to pay Japan the past War Indemnity up to WWII.

With the phenomenal huge amount of Chinese money, Japan's economic took off immediately and was soon ready for more aggression, behavioured exactly like ALL the Western colonial countries, i.e. G8, after tasting the extorted wealth through colonial aggression.

In 1910, Japan brutally colonized Korea. And started its 36 years of brutal colonial governance to exploit Korean resources and wealth.

Before the War, Japan was quite aware of the social destruction that addictive drugs could cause, as well as the devastating role that British Opium had brought onto China. Therefore, following British Opium footsteps, the Japanese distributed Opium , Heroin and Morphia along the Chinese coast.

During Japan's 36 years of brutal colonial governance of Korea, the Japanese forced Korean farmers to grow opium for Japan's opium operations .

In 1918, the Japanese opium profit in Taiwan alone had reached more than 8 Million yen.

In 1931, when China was still engaging in its Chinese Civil War, Japan seized the opportunity and engineered a railway sabotage known as the "Mukden Incident" or "918 Invasion" or "Manchurian Incident" as an excuse to resumed its invasion. Following the explosion of the local railway line, the Japanese army blamed Chinese soldiers for sabotaging its supply lines. Within months, Japan occupied much of the Northeastern part - Manchuria of China and later declared Manchuria was to be independent from China as the "Manchukuo" puppet state.

Japan immediately transformed Manchuria into a vast poppy field. Mitsui then processed Manchurian Opium into Heroin.

Japan became the largest Opium producer throughout the first half of the 20th century, initially in Korea, and then in Manchuria.

According to "A Fair Chance for Asia" by Putnam Weale, even as early as 1919, Japan already distributed 20 tons of morphia to China annually - sufficient to poison a whole nation.

During the War of 14 years of brutal WWII, Japan invaded and started brutal exploitation of the areas it conquered, robbed other Asian country's wealth, treasures and natural resources.

In the meantime, Japan continued to criminally enrich itself with hundreds of millions by acting as an Opium, Heroin, Morphia Drug Distributor as its state Official Policy to finance its war machine.

The WMD Drug Warfare was conducted with full approval from Tokyo as a state Official Policy, under the directives of an official Japanese umbrella organization, the China Affairs Board, run by Prince Konoye.

In Manchuria, Japanese open the " Opium Dens" or "Opium Divans" to all, even teenagers; consumption was increasing; and Japanese Opium made huge criminal enrichment as the Japanese authorities cynically acknowledged, by imprinting a flowering poppy on their Manchukuo coins.

By 1937, Japan and its gangster operated world's largest drug trafficking system and were responsible for 90 % of the world's illicit narcotics.

At a 1937 League of Nations Opium Advisory Committee meeting, Russell Pasha declared Japan was responsible for virtually ALL of the world's illicit narcotics.

For details, refer to book Opium Empire: Japanese Imperialism and Drug Trafficking in Asia, 1895-1945.

In 1944, Violet Sweet Haven, a journalist working in Asia, described in her book "Gentlemen of Japan : A Study in Rapist Diplomacy" : "The Harbin and Dairen narcotics factories were financed by the Mitsui and Suzuki banking houses ..... Japanese military found that the opium-smoking Chinese troops were the first to surrender and that the dope addicts of Mukden were the least troublesome of the civilian population ..... ordered factories opened in Harbin and Dairen to convert raw opium into heroin and morphine ..... A new kind of cigarette, which peddlers sold for less than the cheapest Chinese smoke or gave away free ..... The cigarettes were no bargain, for they were filled with heroin, and addiction to drugs swept through these areas.

The WMD Opium Drug Warefare criminally enriched Japan $300 million (equivalent of $3.5 billion in 2001) per year from the bankrupt China with its Drug strategy of nation against nation.

Though the Nazi regime lost the war, German companies profited from Slave labor. German Industrial Wealth was 17 times larger After the war than in 1939 by using Slave laborers according to economic historian Dietrich Eichholz.

Similar to the Nazi, Japan kidnapped and forced Millions of labor Slaves and PoWs to criminally enrich its fortune.

"The Japanese were running no less than the biggest Slave shipping operation since the middle passage, the African Slave Trade," California based lawyer Barry Fisher said.

In 1939, the Japanese government passed the National General Mobilization law, which forced all colonial subjects, including Koreans, and Chinese in Taiwan and Manchuria, to work wherever needed by Tokyo.

Millions of so-called "romusha" Asians worked as Slaves forced by the Japanese across Asia Pacific. It is estimated more than 15 Million Asians and PoWs were used as Slaves and only fraction of the survivors may still be alive.

Although Japan had destroyed most of its war documents to conceal its crimes, what can almost be certain is that, Japan had surpassed Nazi German in both the Number and Brutalities of using the Slaves in both Before and During the War.

Japan set up numerous Slave Camps all over Asia. According to Japanese official record, in Japan alone, there were 135 Slave Camps for 35 Japanese companies, 22 of which are still in business.

More shocking is that the death rate in Nazi-run PoW camps was 1.1 %; but in Japanese prisoner camps it was a staggering 35.7 %, according to The Center for Civilian Internee Right, Inc..

But, the Most shocking fact is that the Death rate in the Japan's Asian Slave Camps was even higher than the PoW Camps.

In the so-called Hanaoka Incident, about 100 Slaves were killed in 3 days after the unsuccessful escape. In total, more than 418 of the nearly 1,000 men sent to Hanaoka were dead by the end of War. Shocking fact is that Hanaoka was hardly the worst site.

The death count was even higher at other Asian Slave Camps in Japan.

In the late 1930s, Japanese army began what it euphemistically called "pacification" campaigns to seize workers for Manchuria's mines and factories. "At least 9 Million northern Chinese and their families were coerced or tricked into going to Manchuria, where they were used as forced laborers," according to He Tianyi, a scholar. Prisoners were held in concentration camps, then handed over to Japanese companies in Manchuria -- for a fee.

In S.Korean, the Congresswoman Kim stressed, “ The number of victims including forced laborers, those drafted for military service, sex slaves, is about 7.5 Millions".

Not to mention Millions more Slaves enslaved by Japan in other Asian countries.

It is also known as the "Compulsory Seizure Campaign", better known as "Laborer Hunting", in which the Japanese army kidnapped Chinese and exported them to Japan to work as Slaves at mines, construction sites and docks from Kyushu to Hokkaido.

At least 2,700 American PoW as Slave labored in the factories, mines and shipyards of Mitsubishi subsidiaries.

Linda Goetz Holmes detailed in her book Unjust Enrichment: How Japan's companies built postwar fortunes using American PoWs.

After 1939, the historians calculate, the number of Asians Slaves kept in one Chikuho region only had swelled to over a Million.

According to Japanese current foreign minister Taro Aso family's Aso Mining Company's own statistics, in Mar. 1944, it had a total of 7,996 Korean laborers. 300 Allied PoW were enslaved at the Aso Yoshikuma coal mine or knwon as the Fukuoka PoW Branch Camp No. 26. Japanese current foreign minister Taro Aso himself ran the Fukuoka company from 1973-79, and continues to maintain his relationship with the firm.

"Because Aso's family connection gave him the opportunity to address wrongs in the firm, and he did not do so," making him an unsuitable foreign minister by German standards according to German Embassy official in Tokyo. Japanese Foreign Ministry in Tokyo did not respond to inquiries on the issue.

Japan also criminally enriched itself with hundreds of millions by abducting, kidnapping and forcing hundreds of thousands of young girls and women into Sex Slaves as pay service to its soldiers.

The Sex Stations were not only used by the militaries, also used by the Japanese Businessmen. According to the “Regulations for Garrison Comfort Stations” published by Mandalay Headquarters on 26 May, 1943, the businessmen paid the same fees as the Japanese officers’ rates. All the Sex Slaves were ordered to collect tickets from the Japanese, which would be used to calculate their payment. Yet NOT a single cent was ever given to Mardiyem or the other girls.

Using the Sex Slavery threat, Japanese also extorted large sums of money from the women's families as ransom in exchange for their Sex Slavery.

In Hong Kong, Mr. Ng Yat-Hing, the chairperson of the Hong Kong Reparation Association, tells another fact of Japanese extortion: From 1941 to 1945, HK was under the control of Japanese Imperial Army. During this dark period, all other currencies were forbidden except the Japanese Military Yen called "gunpyo". HK residents were forced to hand out their HK and foreign currency, gold, jewelry etc to exchange the Military Yen "gunpyo". Whoever disobeyed were executed. All the gold and valuables were either shipped back to Japan or used to buy military materials, foreign currencies, precious metals, and other coins. The exchange rate at that time was 2 to 4 HK dollars for 1 Military Yen "gunpyo".

After the war, the Military Yen "gunpyo" immediately became worthless paper. Many residents were bankrupted and some became beggars while others starved to death. Many families had become broke over night.

The bills stated they could be coverted into yen at par value. For decades, the Association has been unsuccessfully demanding the Japanese government to take the responsibility of exchanging the Military Yen "gunpyo" which totals 540 million, now valued at about US $1.28 Billion, back to HK dollars. In August 1993, they filed a law suit with the Tokyo District Court. There has been 28 hearings in the Japanese court.

On June 17, 1999 the Tokyo District Court rejected their request. Presiding Judge Seiichiro Nishioka acknowledged that the exchange of HK dollars with Military Yen "gunpyo", was compulsory. He said, "Whether the plaintiffs should be compensated is not a matter to be decided by the courts but one to be decided by the Diet."

"We are NOT demanding for war compensation, we are demanding Japan to pay back their legal DEBT", said Mr. Ng.

"The Japanese government's fraudulent act of reneging on its debts will remain in History."

The Japanese National Bank had admitted having issued 1.9 Billion Military Yen in Hong Kong. There are 3,500 families who are still holding some 0.54 Billion Military Yen in hands.

Japanese courts rejected a similar claim filed by a Taiwan Chinese woman on her Military Yen "gunpyo" in the early 1980s.

In mainland China, "Opium was too dirty and it has been kept secret until now" said Hideo Kobayashi, a professor at Waseda University in Tokyo. The latest finding in the document on the Japanese-run opium firm Hung Chi Shan Tang, now kept in the National Diet Library, reveals Japan used opium to gain economic hegemony over China's yuan-based legal tender in the 1940s, using it to bolster the Military Yen "gunpyo" scrip. Japan issued Military Yen "gunpyo" to procure materials in China, using the scrip to subvert China's legal tender. He said Tokyo was engaged directly in the currency operation involving opium. The document shows the amount of opium exchanged for Military Yen gunpyo was valued at "nearly Yen 100 Million" in 1942. "This is a tremendous amount. Opium would make a perfect weapon (against legal tender) because its sales were huge," Kobayashi said.

For 45 years, starting from Korea, Japanese gold hunting expert teams accompanying Japan's armed forces had systematically emptied treasuries, banks, factories, private homes, pawn shops, art galleries, and stripped ordinary people, while Japan's top gangsters looted Asia's underworld and black economy.

Japan flooded China with narcotics, giving gangsters drugs in exchange for gold and valuables. Extortion was used to terrorize wealthy individuals, tycoons, clan elders, bankers and businessmen.

Special attention were given to the theft of valuable ancient books, priceless manuscripts and cultural assets.

Among the most valuable articles taken back to Japan were the Asian cultural artworks and historic artifacts.

Russia seized more than 2.5 million art objects, some 12 million books and miles of archives from Nazi and locked away in absolute secrecy for 50 years, until 2 Soviet researchers revealed all. Germany and Russia are now arguing over the fate of these treasures.

Stolen artifacts from Asia found in Japan

It is estimated that Japan had looted more than 2.7 million books from China. After the war only 158,873 books were returned.

Today, the return of the looted priceless cultural and private assets from across 12 Asian countries by Japan still remains far off the agenda. The Hague Convention regulating wars on land requires art treasures seized by occupying forces to be returned.

During the war, the commander of the 16th Division, Lieutenant General Nakajima Kesago was found looting Chiang Kai-shek's treasures such as rugs and paintings and sending them to Kyoto in 23 boxes.

Japanese out-performed and were far more thorough than the Nazis in looting and plundering.

The plunder was the wealth and properties of 12 Asian countries, accumulated over thousands of years. Japan systematically searched and looted Asia with plundering enrichment and greediness un-precedented in modern History.

More shocking details of the Japanese Criminal enrichment could be found in the controversial book Gold Warriors: America's Secret Recovery of Yamashita's Gold, backed up by massive amounts of the author's raw research material, which is available in 2 CD-ROMs containing more than 900 megabytes of documents, interviews, maps and photographs assembled during their meticulous research for independent verification.

According to their research, the Emperor Hirohito appointed his brother Prince Chichibu to head a top-secret operation codenamed "kin no yuri", i.e. "Golden Lily" to supervise looting of Asia, mainly from China, Taiwan, Korea and Philippine, then shipped all looted treasures to Japan.

Over 45 years, Japan systematically looted wealth of 12 Asian countries accumulated over thousands of years: currency, gold, platinum, silver, diamonds, gemstones, jewelry, cultural treasures, religious artifacts, art and antiques including more than a dozen solid gold Buddhas, each weighing more than a ton.

The looting and plundering, which was far more thorough than the Nazis, became the Japanese way to finance its brutal war. In China alone, Japan looted 6,000 tonnes of gold from Chinese capital Nanjing in 1938.

From 1942, Chichibu supervised the building of 175 Imperial storage sites to hide the treasure of Golden Lily. When the plunder was unable to be shipped to Japan due to US submarine blockade, the treasure was buried by Japanese wartime commander General Yamashita, known as the "Yamashita's Gold", estimated US$ 500 Billion-plus of wealth looted from 12 Asian countries accumulated over thousands of years.

Hiding the treasure was crucial, so that if Japan lost the war militarily, it would not lose financially. Far from being bankrupted by the war, Japan had been greatly and criminally riched. In an effort to keep the burial locations secret, thousands of Slave laborers, soldiers, and engineers were buried alive with the treasure. After the war, U.S. and former Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos recovered some of them. But substantial portion of the treasure stolen by Japan still remains buried in the Philippine.

For decades, the existence of this hidden treasure was regarded as sheer fantasy. But in the 1990's, courts in America and Switzerland concluded that billions of dollars in gold were looted by Japan and hidden in the Philippine.

A Swiss court disclosed in 1997 that one of the solid gold Buddhas is now in a bank vault beneath Zurich's Kloten Airport, along with a large quantity of other gold bullion recovered by former Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos and held in Marcos family accounts.

In 1997, a team from Japan's Asahi television was led to a mountain cave in the Philippine, where they filmed and examined 1,800 of these bars, worth $150 million, and drilled core samples that confirmed their province.

After Japan's surrender, some golds were recovered by US. But US decided to steal and criminally enrich itself instead of returning to its rightful Asian owner for their economic recovery after War.

According to the Seagraves, US financial experts from CIA instructed Santa Romana to deposit the gold in 176 reliable banks in 42 different countries. Instead of returning these looted gold to the rightful owners of Asian countries for their desparate recovery after the war, U.S. criminally enriched itself by stealing these looted gold and set up Slush Funds to finance and influence politics around the world. The slush funds became US political worldwide action fund to fight communism. The most famous one is known as the Black Eagle Trust, or the M-Fund to reinforce the treasuries of its allies, bribe political leaders, manipulate politics, military, economics and elections around the world.

The fact that China did not sign the San Francisco Peace Treaty, therefore, China has all her rights to the restoration of the recovered gold and treasures.

After the War, according to Segraves, US used the looted treasure from Asia as sort of Japanese Marshall Plan to re-build Japan, and develop Japanese key industries such as coal, iron, shipbuilding and electric power for Japan's so-called "Economic Miracle Recovery" and as bulwark against communism.

"Truth is something governments do not wish to be known. Big corporate media and bootlicking academics have tried to undermine our books by pretending they don't exist or saying that the M-Fund is imaginary. But look at the CD-ROMs. Secrecy, lying and corruption have become the official seal of Tokyo and Washington" says Peggy Seagrave.

The fact that the U.S. still refuses to declassify relevant OSS/CIA materials, in blatant contravention of U.S. Freedom of Information laws, strongly suggests to many scholars and historians that there is something serious to Cover-up.

Japan also criminally enriched by the U.S. Cover-up of State-Terrorism without taking any legal and moral responsibilities and pay compensation to the victims after the War, instead, Japan profited and increased its wealth extensively from the Cold War between U.S. and Soviet, China.

The total past War Indemnity that China paid to Japan alone was a staggering capital 265 million plus interest 321 million taels of silver (i.e. Total 586 Million taels of silver in 1895, about 7 times China's annual revenue).

China could not pay the crushing staggering War Indemnity and had to borrow money from several Western countries and paid heavy interest.

In fact, China continued to pay Japan the War Indemnity up to WWII.

In an extremely vivid contrast, San Francisco Peace Treaty reveals that the reparations matter was postponed until Japan has the financial means to pay.

To cover-up, U.S. insisted that Japan was badly damaged and bankrupt when the war ended.

In fact, few factories and mansions were destroyed or even seriously damaged, and there was little damage to the infrastructure. Japanese industries were dispersed widely and largely concealed from air attack. According to historian John W. Dower, author of Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of WWII, the financial centers, transportation infrastructure, and public utilities in Japan remained largely intact.

According to Segraves, far from being bankrupted by the War, Japan had been greatly and criminally enriched by the Plunder of Asia after the War.

Makoto Tanabe, a Social Democrat in the Japanese Parliament, commented on the redress :

"A compensation without apology is un-ethical. An apology without compensation is mere hypocrisy."

So far, Japan has refused to willingly and honourably follow the great example set by the courageous Germany.

As David Harris has said "Those nations who hide behind the legal technicality will ultimately find that the wall comes tumbling down."

Sooner or later, Japan will be forced to dis-honourably follow the courageous Germany.

In terms of extreme brutalities and atrocities with great magnitude and diversities, Nanjing Massacre is definitely the worst crime case of systematic massacre and rape of civilians and PoWs against Humanity committed by a country in our modern History . So ghastly that it made Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chamber and the 2 Atomic Bombs appear very Humane.

After losing the 2 infamous Opium War to Britain in 1841 and 1856, China had become the world's largest worst drug case in Human History. The Opium drug caused a disastrous outflow of China's wealth.

China, probably the wealthiest nation on Earth , greatly admired by Marco Polo, Voltaire, Gottfried Leibniz etc., soon became the poorest nation on Earth and started to disintegrate.

By the early of this century, China was long since carved into leased colonial chunks by the colonial powers , i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria . Foreign countries established their own Spheres of Influence within China.

Foreign colonial powers, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria introduced a Whole Century of Humiliation and many humiliating Unequal Treaties (more than 1,100 treaties) onto China. China had become a semi-colony country.

What the Western countries and Japan, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria were interested in was the carving up of China. It was exactly that greediness, paradoxically required keeping China together because of their mutual distrust, and resulted in the Open Door Policy for equal trading rights in China by the colonial countries of G8 - Canada + Austria , also the signing of the Nine-Power Treaty affirming the sovereignty and territorial integrity of China pas per the Open Door Policy.

China was not freed from this Unequal Treaty System and the addictive drug Opium, Heroin, and Morphia exported by Britain, U.S., Japan etc until 1945.

The Meiji Restoration had successfully changed Japan from a feudal state to a modern state. Unfortunately, it also successfully transformed Japan from a previous Western Colonial Victim to a Eastern Colonial Aggressor.

Chinese tributary ties to neighboring regions were strongly maintained and were especially strong with Liuqiu Islands (Ryukyu Islands) , Korea , Burma , northern Vietnam as its tributary states. They had been Chinese tributary states for a very very long time.

However, slowly the colonial powers, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria began to carve in.

Japan brought the Liuqiu Islands (Ryukyu Islands) under its control in the 1870s.

Britain annexed Burma.

Russia gained the Chinese maritime provinces of Northern Manchuria and the areas north of the Amur River in 1860 through forced unequal treaties, i.e. Treaty of Aigun and Treaty of Peking , including Sakhalin island , Stanovoy Range , 64 Villages East of the Heilongjiang River , Heixiazi Island etc.

In a proclamation issued on 27 Sept 1920, the Lenin's Soviet Government declared null and void "all treaties concluded with China by the former governments of Russia" and renounced "all seizure of Chinese territory and all Russian concessions in China" etc. However, Russia never followed Lenin's renouncement of colonial aggression and return the land to China to this day.

Annam (Northern Vietnam) was a Chinese province at the time. In 1882, French colonial forces seized the citadel of Hanoi, the capital of Tonkin, and forced Emperor of Annam to sign Treaty of Hué, ceding Tonkin to France as a protectorate. China rejected the treaty and soon led to the Sino-French War. Due to Chinese Ching government's lack of will to continue the war, and France's overwhelming advantage at sea, in 1885 China acknowledged the Treaty of Hué and gave up its suzerainty over Annam (Northern Vietnam) . Annam (Northern Vietnam) was soon incorporated into French colony Indochina.

The Chinese provincial system was implemented by its Mongol rulers of the Chinese Yuan Dynasty in the late 13th century and then the Qing Dynasty. During the Chinese Qing Dynasty, Mongolia and Tibet or XiZang (Tibet Autonomous Region) were tied together in the Manchus’ imperial management through their mutual military and religious influence, and the military role of the Mongols in the service of the Chinese Qing empire. The Chinese Mongolian–Tibetan enterprise was central to the Qing Dynasty to maintain a delicate balance of ethnic-power within China.

Soon, the Russians used force to consolidate control over Chinese Mongolia.

The British, through India, tried to consolidate its control in the Chinese Tibet or XiZang (Tibet Autonomous Region).

Together, the Russian and British unseated the dependency management of the Chinese Qing Empire and undercut the Chinese historical connections of the Tibet or XiZang (Tibet Autonomous Region) , and the Mongolia.

Mongolia was a Chinese province (1691-1911), an autonomous state under Russian protection (1912-19), and again a Chinese province (1919-21). Taking advantage of the extreme turmoil situation in China, the Russian interfered in Mongolia (Russia was bound in Inner Mongolian affairs by Secret treaties with Japan). In 1921, the Soviet troops occupied the Outer Mongolia and supported the independence of Outer Mongolian in 1924. In 1949, just coming to power after years Chinese Civil War , Russian forced China to accept the permanent separation of the Outer Mongolia from China in 1950. Ironically, in reality, the independent Outer Mongolia was quite obvious an anomalous creation by the foreign powers because MAJORITY of the Mongol population are actually living across the border INSIDE the current Chinese Inner Mongolia region.

British invaded the Chinese Tibet twice, i.e. in 1888 and 1903 and occupied Lhasa in 1904. The British's intention was to separate Tibet from Chinese control, but with only limited success. Instead British started to encourage the Tibetans to seek independence. Therefore, later British suggested dividing Chinese Tibet into Outer and Inner Tibet based on the forced model of the Russian over Mongolia. However, China is determined not to make the same mistake to the Taiwan , Tibet or XiZang (Tibet Autonomous Region) influenced by the foreign powers behind Dalai Lama which was clearly documented in the released files in the CIA archive from the U.S. Dept. of State related to Dalai Lama and his U.S. CIA's secret war in Tibet.

In Oct 1998, Dalai Lama finally confessed that they were funded by the U.S. CIA to train and pay for guerrilla warfare against China, the Tibetan government-in-exile said in a statement. It added that the subsidy earmarked for the Dalai Lama was spent on setting up offices in Geneva and New York and on international lobbying against China.

For details, refer to Dalai Lama & Free Tibet : U.S. CIA, Nazi SS, Slavery, Serfdom, Genocide in Tibet, Cultural Genocide, Religious Freedom & Persecution, Vegetarian, Nobel Peace Prize.

In 1872, Japanese Tenno government forcibly carried out the so-called "Ryukyu Disposal" and invaded the centuries old Ryukyu Kingdom which was a Chinese traditional tributary state for a very long time.

In 1874, just 6 years after the Meiji Restoration, Japan invaded Taiwan, China with the pretext of settling the issue of Ryukyu fishermen killed 3 years earlier. The Qing government accepted the mediation brokered by Britain, but the U.S. and France took side with the Japanese. As a result, the Qing court was forced to sign with Japan the "Special Treaty on Taiwan Affairs", which obligated China to pay Japan an indemnity of $500,000 taels of silver and forced to recognize Ryukyu as part of Japanese territory.

In 1879, Japan brutaly annexed the ancient Ryukyu Kingdom a long time Chinese traditional tributary state and turned it a colony under the name "Okinawa Prefecture" . Then a Series of Massacres carried out by the Japanese that killed a major proportion of the Ryukyuan population in order to clear the Ryukyans' strong Chinese roots and common favors for China. Japanese then systematically executed a brutal Cultural Massacre to eliminate Okinawa's language, religion, arts, customs. Any link to the Chinese culture was either destroyed or erased. The survived Ryukyuans were then forced to adopt the Japanese language, culture and names. Older Okinawans recall with anger harsh punishments for speaking their local dialect in schools as late as the 1960s. The name of the well known Okinawan art of Karate actually meant "China Hand". Its name was intentionally changed by Japanese to "Empty Hand" to conceal its origin. Okinawans suffered indignities and discrimination in civil rights, economic opportunities, culture and social standing. Japan's minorities' place in the sun. Thus after the war, Japan unhesitately offered Okinawa to US for a total of 37 U.S. military bases.

During the war, total death in the Battle of Okinawa was more than the Atomic Bombs of Nagasaki and Hiroshima combined. About 1/3 of the Okinawans population were killed. Many were actually killed by the Japanese army. Many Okinawans were also brain-washed into Group Suicide , Suicide Cliff by the Japanese.

After the war, Roosevelt wanted to return the Ryukyu Islands (Okinawa) back to China. Chiang Kai-shek thought China was too weak at the time and proposed to have a joined adminstration with US for the Ryukyu Islands. However, after the cold war started and desparately needed Japan to be its ally, U.S. ignored China, instead returned the so-called "administrative right over Okinawa" to Japan in 1972.

In 1887, the director of Japanese Second Bureau of the General Staff, drafted the famous "General Plan for a Military Expedition into the Qing State" which contemplated attacks in Beijing, occupations in the Yangtze River area, annexation of the Eastern Liaoning Peninsula, Taiwan, the Pescadores, etc, and in the meantime divided other parts of China into small countries such as Northeast, North China, Jiangnan, Qing Hai and Tibet, Mongolia, Gansu and Zunhgar, which would be all under the control of Japan.

Japanese Commerce and Agriculture Minister Tani Tateki, after returning from a trip to Europe, sent a memorandum to the Japanese Emperor, "..... as far as Europe is concerned, although we will not be directly involved, we can take advantage of such a European turmoil, and become the master of the East in one big leap ....."

For a very long time, Korea had been China's traditional tributary state. To assert the control of Korea, Japan had actively penetrated Korea's political, economic and military affairs. Chinese Qing government was completely corrupted and weakened by the British, U.S., Japanese Opium, Heroin and Morphia and was afraid of getting involved with confrontations with the Western and Japan colonial powers, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria.

In 1894, JiaWu War (first Sino-Japanese War) finally began in July between China and Japan to assert influences over Korea.

According to James Creelman, a war correspondent of the New York World, wrote in the "On the Great Highway" about what he had personally eyewitnessed of the Massacre of Port Arthur ( Lushun Port ) that stunned the international communities. The Massacre of Port Arthur ( Lushun Port ) was widely reported by the foreign journalists around the world :

"the Japanese killed everything they saw. Unarmed men, kneeling in the streets and begging for life, were shot, bayoneted, or beheaded. The town was sacked from end to end, and the inhabitants were butchered in their own houses..... All along the streets we could see the pleading storekeepers shot and sabred. Doors were broken down and windows torn out....."

"In the morning I walked into Port Arthur (Lushun Port) with the correspondent of the London Times. The scenes in the streets were heartrending. Everywhere we saw bodies torn and mangled, as if by wild beasts. Dogs were whimpering over the frozen corpses of their masters. The victims were mostly shopkeepers. Nowhere the trace of a weapon, nowhere a sign of resistance. It was a sight that would damn the fairest nation on earth....."

According to a Japanese army officer who was there that the Port Arthur Massacre was a vengeance. When the battle was over, the Japanese were marching into the town. A young officer found his own brother was killed with atrocious Chinese tortures. Japanese vengeance spread like wildfire through the army.

About 20,000 Chinese civilians including women and children were slaughtered by the Japanese army in vengeance.

The JiaWu War (first Sino-Japanese War) ended with signing the Treaty of Maguan (Shimonoseki) on April 17, 1895. Completely corrupted and weakened by the British, U.S., Japanese Opium, Heroin and Morphia, China was no match. Defeated, China was forced to recognize the independence of Korea, cession of Taiwan, the Pescadores (Penghu) and Liaotung peninsula etc and pay an enormous War Indemnity : 231 Million taels of silver, i.e. more than 8.5 Million kg of silver.......

In Taiwan, Japanese immediately started to clear the Taiwanese strong Chinese roots. Japanese was imposed as the official language and the use of Chinese was forbidden. Students were forced to learn Japanese. All Chinese in Taiwan were forced to adopt the Japanese language and culture. Students were required to bow in the direction of the Emperor Hirohito's Imperial Palace each day.

In 1904, Russian-Japanese fought a war inside China to determine who had more "Rights" to colonize China, ended with Treaty of Portsmouth.

In 1910, Japan brutally annexed Korea and started 36 years of brutal colonial governance with a Cultural Massacre in Korea. Newspapers were prohibited from publishing in Korean. The study of Korean history was banned at university. School children were forbidden to speak Korean. Japanese even forced Koreans to change name to Japanese names and imposed penalties on those who refused. Forced them to adopt Japanese Shinto Religion etc. Even the traditional Asian lunar New Year was forbidden to celebrate.

With the phenomenal huge Chinese War Indemnity money, Japan's economic took off immediately and was soon ready for more aggression, behavioured exactly like ALL the Western colonial countries, i.e. G8, after tasting the extorted wealth through colonial aggression.

Chinese "Father of modern China" Dr. Sun Yat-sen visited Japan on 14 occasions and spent a total of nearly 10 years. Sun Yat-sen's 1911 Revolution had strong Japanese connections because many of the movement's leaders were educated in Japan and received some Japanese friends' support who believed that only a strong China could resist incursions by the U.S., European powers, and to maintain Japan independence.

In 1914, Japan seized the opportunity of W.W.I. to expand its sphere of influence in China, Japan declared war on Germany and quickly occupied German-leased territories in China's Shandong province.

In 1915, Further to take advantage of W.W.I. in Europe, Japan demanded China to surrender her sovereignty with a secret ultimatum comprising 21 Humiliating Demands and backed up by the threat of war.

Although still suffering as a Western colonial victim, during W.W.I, China sent 140,000 laborers to help allies and worked in the trenches. About 20,000 had died there. Their remains lie in many graveyards in Europe, each headstone marked in Chinese characters . 2 . 3.

At end of W.W.I. at the peace conference in Paris, China requested: do away with the privileges of the imperialist foreign countries in China, demanded the return of the Shandong Peninsula that Japan had taken from Germany, and the abolition of the Japanese "21 Humiliating Demands".

However, not willing to give up their forced colonial privileges in China, the U.S., Britain and France rejected China's demands. Instead, Article 156 of Treaty of Versailles transferred German concessions in Shandong, China to Japan rather than returning sovereign authority to China.

Upon learning of this, thousands Chinese students held a rally in the Tiananmen Square on May 4 to protest Japanese expansionism which led directly to the first mass movement in modern Chinese history, i.e. the famous First Chinese university student movement : May 4th Movement in 1919. It triggered a nationwide workers' strikes and the Boycott of Japanese Goods. The movement also ignited a wave of searching efforts by the intellectuals for a solution to save China from foreign colonial powers, i.e. G8 - Canada + Austria. Some advocated gradual cultural reform, while others introduced Marxism and led to the birth of the Chinese Communist Party.

China refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles. Worried about losing their own established forced colonial privileges in China to Japan, the Western countries intervened and later at the Washington Conference, Japan reluctantly agreed to withdraw its troops from Shandong and restore full sovereignty to China.

In 1928, China was still divided by the warlords. Chinese Dr. Sun Yat-Sen's government appointed Chiang Kai-shek as the commander-in-chief of the army to unite China. Japan wanted to provoke war while China was still divided, thus dispatched 3,000 soldiers to the Jinan city under the pretext of protecting Japanese residents and killed the Chinese negotiator Tsai Kung-Shi, and massacred several thousands of Chinese civilians and soldiers in Jinan city, known as the "May 3rd Jinan Massacre". Japanese then assassinated the Chinese warlord Chang Tso-lin after he had expressed his intention to surrender Manchuria to the Chinese government that would threaten Japan's economic privileges and its domination in Manchuria.

Chinese government realized the "May 3rd Jinan Massacre" and the assassination were designed by Japan to provoke war while China was still divided. Chiang Kai-shek ordered the his army to avoid Japanese controlled areas, and later effectively unified China under the government based in Nanjing.

Most American think of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor as the beginning of WWII. But in fact, the brutal WWII was already raging in China since 1931, and nowhere was it more brutal than in Nanking (Nanjing), the capital of China at that time.

1931 Sept 18, when China was still engaging in its Chinese Civil War, Japan seized the opportunity and engineered a railway sabotage known as the "Mukden Incident" or "918 Invasion" or "Manchurian Incident" as an excuse to resumed its invasion. Following the explosion of the local railway line, the Japanese army blamed Chinese soldiers for sabotaging its supply lines. Within months, Japan occupied much of the Northeastern part - Manchuria of China.

In Nov. 1931, the Chinese communists who had rebelled the corrupted ROC government, established a provisional Soviet "government" in Jiangxi Province. Chiang Kai-Shek believed that the Communists must be eliminated before China could effectively repel Japanese invasion. Since he was winning the Civil War at the time, Chiang was determined to carry on the Anti-Communist campaign, so ordered his armies to continue to attack. But one army general Chang Hsueh-Liang disgreed and disobeyed. He flew to Xian on Dec 12, 1936, to confront the general, but was arrested by Chang. After some intense negotiations, Chiang Kai-Shek finally reluctantly agreed to halt the Civil War and joined forces with the Communist army and fought together against the Japanese invasion. It is known as the famous "Xian Incident" which had an extremely profound impact on the course of Chinese History.

1932 Feb 18, Japan declared Manchuria was to be independent from China as "Manchukuo" and set up a puppet state in the name of Puyi who was the last emperor of China.

Japan then moved as many as 2.5 Millions of Japanese and Korean into China over the next few years to prepare for the full invasion.

In the puppet state, Japanese replaced Chinese as the official language. Shinto religion was enforced. 295 Shinto shrines had been erected. The racial ranking was Japanese first, Koreans second, and Manchus and Chinese third. Chinese farmers were deprived of their land, and fled to the mountains or worked as tenant farmers under Japanese settlers. The Japanese discriminated against the Chinese in all areas, e.g. Japanese were allocated white rice, the Koreans half white rice and half sorghum, and the Chinese sorghum. Japan often claims that its colonial rule helped the growth of its colony. But the facts do not support the case for Japanese exceptionalism.

The wage in industries:

1937 July 7, Japan fabricated the "China Incident" or the "77 Marco Polo Bridge Invasion" and launched its full scale invasion into China under the "Greater East Asian Co-prosperity Sphere" colonial dream and resumed its bloody colonization of China, Korean Peninsula and most of Southeast Asia.

Japan proclaimed that it would need only "3 days to conquer Shanghai, 3 months to conquer China". Yet, not only Japan had to spend 3 months just to capture Shanghai city, but also suffered great casualties.

Japan was the FIRST in Asia engaged in "Indiscriminate Bombing" on civilians started in Jan. 1932 in Shanghai. Thereafter, Japan indiscriminately bombed on Chinese civilians in Nanjing, Wuhan, Chongqing and other cities.

The bloody Battle of Shanghai lasted 3 months and involved nearly one million troops. It was really bloody engaged in urban house to house combat. Approx. 200,000 died on both sides.

When the prolonged Battle of Shanghai was finally over in mid-November, in vengeance, Japanese soldiers began wreaking their inflamed animosities on Chinese soldiers and civilians throughout their march to Nanjing, the Chinese capital.

Japanese commanders deliberately did NOT set up much food and other supply lines for their troop, instead ordered them to live off the land on their way to Nanjing. This meant that soldiers were given Official Permission to loot local peasants and villages. They were under explicit Official Orders to loot for food, other supplies, valuables from the locals.

When Japanese were not able to loot any food from the Chinese due to their extreme poverty, Japanese hungry soldiers simply killed the Chinese and cooked human flesh and organs as their food source.

Feeling humiliated for not able to conquer China in 3 months and suffered huge loss, desperately wanted to break the unexpected Chinese strong will of resistance, Japan turned to extreme State-Terriorism, employed official government policy of Massacre and Rape, used WMD Biological, WMD Chemical and addictive WMD Drug Warfares.

In Feb. 2000, a road construction team discovered about 20,000 WMD Chemical Weapon metal canisters lay buried atop the Yellow Beard Mountain, Nanjing, showing for the first time that Japanese forces deployed WMD Chemical Weapon during their invasion of the Chinese capital Nanjing.

The size of the WMD Chemical Weapon, experts say, is enough to put Yellow Beard Mountain near the top of the list of places around the world.

Most startling is the fact that the stockpile in Nanjing represents just a tiny fraction of the WMD Chemical Weapon in China left behind by Japanese army.

1937 Dec. 13, Nanjing, the capital of China during the war, finally fell to the Japanese.

The Chinese government had to move its capital to the city of ChongQing. Later in 1940, Japan set up a Chinese puppet government in the conquered capital Nanjing under Wang Jing-Wei.

The retreating Chinese troops started setting fire on some of the buildings as part of their Scorched Earth policy as not to leave anything useful to the enemy. Some of the demoralized Chinese soldiers also started looting.

Archibald Steele of the Chicago Daily News wrote, "feeling that the behavior of the Japanese could not possibly be worse than that of their own defeated army, they were quickly disillusioned."

1937 Dec. 14, Commander of the Sasaki Detachment of the 16th division of the Shanghai Expeditionary Force, Major General Sasaki Touichi under Commander-in-Chief Prince Asaka Yasuhiko issued the official military order - " Kill ALL Captives ".

Japanese military force immediately systematically started murdering civilians and PoWs in China under the military "Three All Policy" -- "Kill All, Loot All, Burn All".

It was a well planned, full scale revenge designed to intimidate and crush the spirit of China. Japanese soldier began an orgy of cruelty seldom, if ever, matched in modern History.

In the next 2 - 3 months, Japan committed the infamous "Nanjing Datusha" or "Great Nanjing Massacre", or "Rape of Nanjing", while U.S. remained neutral and still trading with Japan.

From the view of Humanity, Nanjing tragedy had vividly highlighted the Best and the Worst of Humanity.

In Nanjing, the sense of end-of-battle relief quickly turned into an immense fear of Death, Rape and Robbery.

Japanese soldiers under commander-in-chief Prince Asaka Yasuhiko of the Shanghai Expeditionary Force and uncle of Japanese Empress Nagako, looted all the precious Chinese golds and silver, national treasures, ancient artifacts, jades, rugs, porcelain artworks, paintings, antiques and books in the former Chinese capital, for transport to Japan.

Frank Tilman Durdin of the New York Times wrote, "I saw the Japanese troops outdo them in a campaign of plunder which the Japanese carried out not only in the shops but in homes, hospitals, and refugee camps."

Tilman Durdin reported the early stages of the massacre before being forced to leave. He later wrote: "I drove down to the waterfront in my car. And to get to the gate I had to just climb over masses of bodies accumulated there." "The car just had to drive over these dead bodies. And the scene on the river front, as I waited for the launch... was of a group of smoking, chattering Japanese officers overseeing the massacring of a battalion of Chinese captured troops." "They were marching about in groups of about 15, machine-gunning them." As he departed, he saw 200 men being executed in 10 minutes to the apparent enjoyment of Japanese military spectators.

C. Yates McDaniel of Chicago Daily Tribune wrote in his "Nanking Horror Described in Diary of War Reporter" :

"My last remembrance of Nanking : Dead Chinese, Dead Chinese, Dead Chinese. "

The New York Times reporter F. Tilman filed his report, "All Captives Slain" on Dec. 18, 1937 :

"The Japanese looting amounted almost to plundering of the entire city. Nearly every building was entered by Japanese soldiers, often under the eyes of their officers, and the men took whatever they wanted. The Japanese soldiers often impressed Chinese to carry their loot ....... The mass executions of war prisoners added to the horrors the Japanese brought to Nanking."

"The army men performing the gruesome job had invited navy men from the warships anchored off the Bund to view the scene. A large group of military spectators apparently greatly enjoyed the spectacle."

"Most of the Chinese soldiers who had been interned in the safety zone were shot in masses. The city was combed in a systematic house ­to house search for men having knapsack marks on their shoulders or other signs of having been soldiers. They were herded together and executed."

Other atrocities were vividly described by Iris Chang with Nightmare in Nanking in her best selling book "Rape of Nanking - The Forgotten Holocaust" :

"The brutalities included shooting, stabbing, cutting open the abdomen, excavating the heart, decapitation, drowning, punching the body and eye with an awl. Thousands of civilians were buried or burn alive, or used as targets for bayonet practice, shot in large groups and thrown into Yangtze River."

"Not only did live burials, castration, the carving of organs and the roasting of people become routine, but more diabolical tortures were practiced, such as hanging people by their tongues on iron hooks or burying people to their waists and watching them torn apart by dogs."

"An estimated 20,000 - 80,000 Chinese women were raped. Many soldiers went beyond rape to disembowel women, slice off their breasts, nail them alive to walls. Fathers were forced to rape their daughters, and sons their mothers, as other family members watched."

Japanese invented Games of Rape and Massacre , turned murder into Sport and Entertainment.

"The manner in which these victims met their death was extremely cruel with atrocities of such great magnitude and diversities, so ghastly that it made Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chamber and the 2 Atomic Bombs appear very Humane."

In fact, mass murder was carried out systematically by the Japan long before the first Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chambers were even built.

Soldiers competed in " Bushido - Killing Contest Game" and sent the number of murders back to Nichi-Nichi Shimbun national newspaper in Japan to publish.

" I have never been to Hell , but there is a Hell , it was in this city , " reporter for the Tokyo Times told the killing in Nanjing.

The captured or surrendered Chinese soldiers were all mercilessly killed. Japanese inspected every men in the city to check for any sign of have been a soldier with helmet mark on forehead, calluses on hands or strap mark on shoulders. All suspects regardless were rounded up and immediately executed.

"At one time, after Nanking was captured, more than 30,000 Chinese were driven to the foot of the city wall. Machine guns then swept the crowd and grenades were thrown from atop the wall. The 30,000 people were all killed, most of them were women, children, and elderly." reported Tokyo Asahi Shimbun correspondent Yoshio Moriyama on December 14, 1937.

"Those in the second row were forced to dump the severed bodies into the river before they themselves were beheaded," The Japanese military correspondent, Yukio Omata, wrote, "The killing went on non-stop from morning until night ........".

Okumiya Masatake, was a former Imperial navy pilot and author of "The Nanjing Incident that I Saw". After having taken part in the Dec. 12 bombing and sinking of the USS Panay in the Yangtze River, Okumiya traveled in a chauffeur driven car for several days with an interpreter and a bodyguard to search for downed Japanese aircraft and the bodies and belongings of pilots killed during air raids over the city. "I believe that no other people went around inside and outside the walled city, combing the area like me at that time," Okumiya said.

He remembers a scene at Lake Xuanwu on Dec. 25. "There I saw numerous bodies in the lake and on its shore. They were so many that I could not count them. They were both young and old, and both men and women," Okumiya told The Japan Times. "The Chinese were bound with their hands behind their backs. About 20 soldiers were beheading the Chinese with their Japanese swords, the beheading task successively taken over by other groups of soldiers. The Chinese were forced to sit on the square so their heads would drop into the river..... The execution was like assembly line work. Some people say that in Nanjing, there were no organized or systematic killings by the Japanese army. But what I saw was nothing other than organized and systematic killings."

A December 15, 1937 entry to the diary of a Japanese soldier in the 23rd Regiment of the 18th Division, published in Tokyo Asahi Shimbun on August 4, 1984: "We had fun killing Chinese. We caught some innocent Chinese and either buried them alive, or pushed them into a fire, or beat them to death with clubs. When they were half dead we pushed them into ditches and burned them, torturing them to death. Everyone gets his entertainment this way. Its like killing dogs and cats."

"Once you've killed your second or third, you stop thinking about it," Yasuji Kaneko describes how he grew numb to slaughter after bayonet drills using live Chinese prisoners tied to stakes.

" It was ultimately about competition, how many you killed becomes a standard of achievement." Another interviewed veteran describes throwing babies onto camp fires just for laughs.

Former Japanese sergeant major, Masayo Enomoto said "There was a young woman in the village, and I raped her. After I did her, I killed her. It then occurred to me that we had no meat. And I could give the troops this meat. I cut her up, taking the best parts, and fed them to the men. It tasted better than pork."

"Some Japanese soldiers who were hungry had killed the 16 years old Chinese boy and eaten some of his meat and sold the rest to the merchant, and we bought it from that merchant", Shinzaburo Horie said. The 79 year old former Japanese soldier trembled as he excavated his war memories. "I can't forget the fact that I ate a human being", "We should absolutely apologize to China and Korea," Horie said without hesitation. "Absolutely."

"Soldiers impaled babies on bayonets and tossed them still alive into pots of boiling water," Nagatomi Hakudo said with deepest remorse. Nagatomi is now an acupuncturist in Japan and has built a shrine of remorse in his waiting room. "They gang-raped women from the ages of 12 to 80 and then killed them when they could no longer satisfy sexual requirements. I beheaded people, starved them to death, burned them, and buried them alive, over two hundred in all. It is terrible that I could turn into an animal and do these things. There are really no words to explain what I was doing. I was truly a devil."

Private Tadokoro Kozo of the 114th division said in 1971 interview, " There wasn't . ANY . soldier who didn't Rape. After things were done, usually we killed them ..... We didn't want to leave any trouble behind ....."

Another Japanese army veteran told reporter, "No matter how young or old, none of the women we rounded up could escape being Raped. Each one was allocated to 15 or 20 soldiers for sexual intercourse and abuse. After the Rapes, "we always stabbed them and killed them. Because dead bodies don't talk."

" The women were always killed. When they were being Raped, the women were human. But once the Rape was finished, they became pig's flesh," said Shiro Azuma remosely, "We were taught that we were a superior race since we lived only for the sake of a human god -- our Emperor. But the Chinese were not. So we held nothing but contempt for them." Azuma is the first Japanese soldier to publicly admit and apologize for what he did. He told his story by publishing his diaries "My Nanking Platoon".

He recalled one episode: "There were about 37 old men, old women and children. We captured them and gathered them in a square." "There was a woman holding a child on her right arm... and another one on her left." " We stabbed and killed them, all three - like potatoes in a skewer".

Azuma compared the Nanjing Massacre to the Holocaust. " These two were the most inhuman tragedies during the Second World War," said Azuma.

Teruichi Ukita, now 71 years old served in China in the Japanese kenpeitai, the dreaded military police, said in a tremulous voice, "It was when I had two daughters myself, I started to realize what I had done."

He was captured by Russians at the end of the war and sent to Siberia. It was when he saw fellow Japanese being killed, he said, that he belatedly realized the universal value of human life. "Watching Chinese being killed, I had no emotions," Ukita said. "It was like a game. But when I saw Japanese being executed in Siberia for stealing things, I got so angry and emotional."

Witnessed the atrocities, Reverend John Magee used his camera and recorded the Massacre in a 16mm film. It is believed to be the only documentary about this infamous massacre. He was an Episcopal pastor in charge of the so-called Nanjing International Safety Zone created when Japanese army captured Nanjing in 1937.

Angry at the Japanese atrocities, German diplomat Mr. Georg Rosen sent a copy of Magee's film to the Nazi government. He also included a 200-page long report which claimed that the whole Japanese army was a "Violent Killing Machine". In it, he requested that the film be shown to Hitler.

Chinese and Japanese scholars were aware of the film but were unable to locate it. Japanese then said that since there was no proof, the Nanjing Massacre never occurred.

In 1990, when the German Archive at Botsdam was opened after collapsing of the Berlin Wall, the Georg Rosen's 200-page report surfaced.

A New York group placed an advertisement in the New York Times regarding The Nanjing Massacre. George Fitch's daughter, Edith Fitch Swapp contacted the Alliance in Memory of Victims of the Nanjing Massacre (AMVNM) with Fitch's version of the Magee footage. The group also located John Magee's 16 mm version in the home of his son David Magee. The 4 rolls of the film and the diaries were also found in Yale University Library.

Many museums and individuals had offered to buy the film but were all turned downed. Both the film and camera were donated to the Memorial Hall of Nanjing Massacre Victims. The church in Xiaguan District in Nanjing where Magee preached became a secondary school library. It has been renamed to John Magee Library.

According to Magee's dairy, he could only record a very small part of what he witnessed since he was too busy to save lives.

"What people see here, however, are all history and truth," said Zhu Chengshan, curator of Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre. "No director and actor, no matter how talented they might be, can make such tangible products. And this is only a glimpse of History.".

"My team would kill 200 people a day. When we captured too many people and had no time to kill them all, we would send them to other teams," reads in a diary donated by a Japanese soldier. "They all came from participants of the massacre and are tangible evidence. Nothing can better testify the Japanese atrocity than the admission by the slaughterers themselves." said the curator.

John H. Rabe, top representative of Siemens company, was also the chairman of International Safety Zone (3.3 square miles), recorded this unspeakable Japanese atrocities in his 2,117 pages Diary of War.

Like Oskar Schindler, the German industrialist who protected Jews, Mr. Rabe and 26 other western foreigners risked their life and helped to save 250,000 Chinese refugees from being killed. Robe also personally sheltered 600 refugees in his own home. Chinese called him " The Living Buddha of Nanking" , which is really high praise in Chinese culture," said Huang Huiying who has written a biography of Rabe. 3,000 Chinese women from Jinling Women's University knelt by the roadside in gratitude when Rabe was finally forced to leave the city early in 1938.

After returning to Berlin, Rabe gave lectures about the massacre and tried to get Hitler to intervene. He was arrested and interrogated by the Gestapo for 3 days and told to shut up. He was de-Nazified after the war. When the people of Nanjing learned that he was near starvation in postwar Berlin, they immediately collected equivalent US $2,000 in 1948 and the city mayor of Nanking even flew to Switzerland to deliver money and food to Mr. Rabe. They kept sending food every month until China fell to communists in 1949. He died of a stroke in 1950.

Schindler of Nanjing. Story of John Rabe is to be made into a Hollywood movie. Rabe's house, with support from his former employer Siemens, will be turned into a memorial.

As the leader of local Nazi Party and Safety Zone Chairman in Nanjing, Rabe wrote a letter to Hitler about the Japanese War Crimes and asked Hitler to persuade Japan to stop the atrocities.

On Dec. 12, 1996, Ursula Reinhardt, his granddaughter from Berlin, showed the 8 volumes of diary the very first time to the public in New York. It was Iris Chang with Nightmare in Nanking, author of the "Rape of Nanking - The Forgotten Holocaust of WWII, brought the attention of the whole world to this diary.

The English version of his diaries of war, is available The Good Man of Nanking - The Diaries of John Rabe

In April 1997, Mr. Rabe's tombstone was moved from Berlin and rested in the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre, Nanjing, China.

"This escapades were quite dangerous," Mr. Rabe wrote in his diary. "The Japanese had pistols and bayonets and I -- as mentioned before -- had only party symbols and my Swastika armband." He also wrote about the retreating Chinese troops, "I then had a humanitarian impulse that I later came to regret .... I advise them that they should drop their weapons and let me take them to the barracks in the safety zone .... I hope these disarmed troops would face no worse fate than being taken prisoner by the Japanese .... every one of these disarmed troops, and thousands more later seeking refuge in the safety zone were singled out .... and immediately taken to be executed. Thousands and thousands were executed by machine gun fire or hand grenades ........"

"During their misdeeds, no difference was made between adults and children. There were girls under the age of 8 and women over the age of 70 who were Raped and then, in the most brutal way possible, knocked down and beat up. We found corpses of women on beer glasses and others who had been lanced by bamboo shoots. I saw the victims with my own eyes ......"

In another letter to his wife, Dec. 19:
" I never dreamed that the Japanese soldiers were such savages. It has been a week of murder and rape, worse, I imagine, than has happened for a very long time ..... They not only killed every prisoner they could find but also a vast number of ordinary citizens of all ages....."

George A. Fitch was the head of the YMCA, director of Safety Zone and acting Mayor in Nanjing during war. He had also smuggled out part of the Magee's film by sewing 8 reels into the lining of his camel's-hair great-coat and travelled throughout US to give his witness speeches about the horrific Nanjing Massacre.

He wrote, " They were so terrible that they had to be seen to be believed ..... Miss Murial Lester, of the Fellowship of Reconciliation (British) happened to see one of the showings and expressed the thought that if some of the Christian and political leaders in Japan could see the film they would work for an immediate cessation of hostilities. She offered to go to Japan and show it there to selected groups if we would supply her with a copy ......"

"start a speaking trip which was to last until my return to China. I used the films only rarely, for some of my friends thought they were too ghastly, and sometimes they made people ill ..... "

In his book "My Eighty Years in China", he wrote on Dec. 24, 1937 the following diary entry:

"But to have to stand by while even the very poor are having their last possessions taken from them - their last coin, their last bit of bedding (and it is freezing weather), the poor ricksha man his ricksha; while thousands of disarmed soldiers who had sought sactuary with you, together with many hundreds of innocent civilians are taken out before your eyes to be shot, or used for bayonet practice, and to listen to the sound of the guns that are killing them; to have over a thousand women kneel before you crying hysterically, begging you to save them from the beasts who are preying on them ........"

"To commit acts of unbelievable brutality and savagery on the very people they have come to protect and befriend, as they have so loudly proclaimed to the world. In all modern history surely there is no page that will stand so black as that of the Rape of Nanjing ........"

Minnie Vautrin, was an American missionary from a little town of Michigan. She helped found Ginling College in Nanjing. As dean of studies at Ginling College, she shielded the desperate Chinese who sought asylum behind the gates of the college. In unswerving defiance of the Japanese, she turned Ginling into a sanctuary for 10,000 women and girls, who honored her as their "Goddess of Mercy", a "Living Goddess".

Terror in Minnie Vautrin's Nanjing: Diaries and Correspondence :

"How many thousands were mowed down by guns or bayoneted we shall probably never know," wrote Vautrin in her diary, "For in many cases oil was thrown over their bodies and then they were burned."

"There probably is no crime that has not been committed in this city today. Thirty girls were taken from language school last night, and today I have heard scores of heartbreaking stories of girls who were taken from their homes last night -- one of the girls was but 12 years old. Food, bedding and money have been taken from people. ... I suspect every house in the city has been opened, again and yet again, and robbed ......"

When the Japanese soldiers ordered Minnie to leave the campus, she replied: "This is my home. I cannot leave." She spent 21 years of invaluable service as teacher, education department chair and acting president of Ginling. Minnie saved thousands of Chinese girls and women through heroic acts but becoming too traumatized to save her own life. She suffered a nervous breakdown in 1940 and returned to the US. She committed suicide in 1941.

Her tombstone bears the words "Ginling Forever". A bronze monument to Vautrin was established at Ginling college in Nanjing in 2002. In Illinois of U.S., Governer Rod Blagojevich has declared Sept. 27, "Minnie Vautrin Day".

A book based on her diary, maintained during the entire siege, correspondences, eyewitness, government documents, and interviews with Vautrin's family is available American Goddess at the Rape of Nanking: The Courage of Minnie Vautrin. Many her objects were exhibited at the Illinois State Museum state museum includes personal mementos, photographs and Vautrin’s Order of the Jade medal, the highest honor given to a civilian by the Chinese government.

One of the 27 Westerners who courageously elected to remain in the city throughout the violent siege was Dr. Robert Wilson, the only surgeon in town to save the mutilated women, men and children. Dr. Wilson worked tirelessly patching up seemingly hopelessly mutilated bodies as fast as he could. Dr. Robert Wilson in his family letter described Nanjing as the:

"Modern Dante's Inferno, written in huge letters with blood and rape. Murder by the wholesale and rape by the thousands of cases. There seems to be no stop to the ferocity, lust and atavism of the brutes.... staff members of the university was broken into and two of the women, his relatives, were raped. Two girls about 15 were raped to death in one of the refugee camps.... They bayoneted one little boy, killing him, and I spent an hour and a half this morning patching up another little boy of eight who had five bayonet wounds including one that penetrated his stomach, a portion of omentum was outside the abdomen...."

In another his "Family Letters" :

"This is the shortest day in the year but it still contains twenty-four hours of this hell on earth..... Huge fires are set in every business section. Our bunch has actually seen them set the fires in several instances. Yesterday before going home to supper I counted twelve fires. Tonight at the same time I counted eight. Several of them include whole blocks of buildings. Most of the shops of our vicinity have been burned ..... The thousand were marched to the banks of the Yangtze, lined up two deep and then machine-gunned..... As we have seen a good many similar round-ups in this part of the city with no returns....."

James McCallum wrote in his Family Letter :

"Never have I heard or read of such brutality. Rape: Rape: Rape: We estimate at least 1,000 cases a night and many by day. In case of resistance or anything that seems like disapproval there is a bayonet stab or a bullet. We could write up hundreds of cases a day...."

Chinese women would try to disguise themselves as men, or old women, or don blackface to avoid being gang-raped by Japanese soldiers.

Another diary by Paul Scharffenberg, a German diplomat in Nanjing at the time confirmed that "The Japanese imposed a news blackout and restricted foreign diplomats' movements in the city" to conceal their Crimes from the international community, the diary discloses.

Therefore, the Western witnesses, diaries, newspapers could only record a small portion of the actual scope and magnitude of the atrocious Crimes that had actually been committed by the Japan in Nanjing. Case Study: The Nanjing Massacre, 1937-38.

Arnold Brackman, a reporter at the Tokyo Trial and author of the book The Other Nuremberg, commented " The Nanjing Massacre was not the kind of isolated incident common to wars. It was deliberate. It was policy. It was known in Tokyo."

"In terms of measures and cruelty of the genocide, its duration and large numbers of people killed," says professor Wu of history of Southern Illinois University "Neither Hiroshima nor Jewish Holocaust can rival the Nanjing Massacre."

The Japanese high command, up to Emperor Hirohito, the commander-in-chief, while closely monitoring events at Nanjing, issued no reprimand and meted out no punishment to the officers and men who perpetrated these crimes. Instead, the leadership and the press celebrated the victory at the Chinese capital. It was followed by atrocities that intensified and were extended from the capital to the entire China, and implemented the "sanko sakusen" or "Three-All Policies: Kill All, Loot All, Burn All". Where Japanese forces encountered resistance, Japanese adopted scorched earth policies depriving villagers of subsistence.

Japanese invented Games of Rape and Massacre , turned murder into Sport and Entertainment

"The manner in which these victims met their death was extremely cruel with atrocities of such great magnitude and diversities, so ghastly that it made Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chamber and the 2 Atomic Bombs appear very Humane."

In fact, mass murder was carried out systematically by the Japan long before the first Nazi's Auschwitz Gas Chambers were even built.

According to eye-witness account in Nanjing Historical Archives, "A Record of the Miserable Conditions in Enemy Occupied Areas," Vol. V, "First, the Japanese doused the people with gasoline and then they opened fire on the crowd with machine guns. When the bullets hit their bodies, the gasoline caught fire. The refugees' burning bodies quivered from head to toe causing the whole scene to flicker from the light of the gasoline fires on their bodies. The Japanese soldiers stood by laughing hysterically."

In 1937, Chang Zhiqiang, 10 years old, watched his father and other able-bodied men form a Human wall in an attempt to keep Japanese soldiers from getting close to their elders, women and children. He saw his mother bayoneted twice in an attempt to protect her 6 children, and watched his 2 younger brothers suffer a similar death. His 2-year-old youngest brother froze to death over the dead body of his mother, and his elder sister died after being Raped and bayoneted.

Like many other survivors, Mr. Chang rarely speaks of the massacre, not even to his children and grandchildren. "I cannot bear to think of it," and silently weeps. Mr. Chang had never been to the Memorial Hall. On 2 occasions he got as far as the entrance, but was overwhelmed with such sorrow that he had to turn away.

Then, in 1997 he saw on TV that the right-wing Japanese were denying the Nanjing Massacre. Anger motivated him to write down exactly what he saw and experienced. He started to volunteer as guide for the Memorial Hall. "At the beginning, hatred and pain would swell in my heart when I saw Japanese visitors. After they listened to my account of what happened, they just broke down and cried. Some knelt before me and some bowed. At first I was taken aback and felt uneasy. Gradually, as my hatred ebbed, I was able to face them with an eased heart."

Xia Shu-qin, a survivor and was 7-year old, recalled "It was about ten in the morning when a dozen Japanese with rifles and fixed bayonets rushed into the house. They shot my father and grabbed my baby sister, being breast-fed by my mother. They bayoneted the baby and stripped my mother and raped her. Then the Japanese killed my grandparents and dragged two of my sisters out and raped them. Then they stabbed me and my 3-year old sister with bayonets. I saw both of my older sisters lying in pools of blood, dead."

According to the record, about 2.3 million Japanese soldiers were killed in WWII, of which More than 1 Million Japanese soldiers, i.e. approx. 50 % of Japanese soldiers died in WWII, were annihilated in China.

Those battles in China were no less, in fact, were more fierce and brutal than the Battle of Saipan , Battle of Iwo Jima , or Battle of Okinawa in the 14 years WWII with unspeakable atrocious Japan.

During the war, Japanese forces were bogged down deep in China and were unable for "Northward Advance" to attack Soviet Union. So Japan turned around for "Southward Advance" instead. However, the Chinese resistance also made Japan unable to concentrate huge ground forces for "Southward Advance" and effectively occupy the regions.

Chinese army pinned down Japanese in China, and saved valuable time for allied forces in Europe that helped prevent a Japanese attack on the Soviet Union and the possible convergence of the two strongest fascist countries in the Middle East.

"That is the main reason why Japan did NOT respond the demands of Germany to attack the Soviet Union or invade British troops in Southeast Asia,"

Without Chinese resistance, it would have been almost impossible to implement the 'Europe First' strategy."

US President Roosevelt said: If there were no China, or if China were defeated, the Japanese army could have occupied Australia and advanced toward India and charged all the way to the Middle East and then joined forces with Hitler to isolate Soviet Union, the consequence would be unimaginable.

It is estimated that China's loss due to Japan's 14 years atrocious destruction comes to many Hundreds of Billions US $. The total loss could be Trillion US $ if the interest, direct and indirect monetary and properties, environmental and ecosystem damages, looted wealth, cultural assets, natural resources, and other tangible or intangible losses were included, and the 35 Million Chinese casualties by Japanese indiscriminate killing, starvation and various diseases.

Not to mention many More Millions of Korean, Indonesian, Vietnamese, Filippino, Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, Singapore ..........

The Chinese National Anthem was written in 1935 with lyrics by the noted poet Tian Han and music by the famous composer Nie Er. The original name of the song was "Sons and Daughters in a Time of Storm", as a theme song for the film "March of the Volunteers". The film tells the story of those who went to the front to fight the Japanese invaders in northeast China in the 1930s when the fate of China was hanging in the balance. The song inspired the whole China to defeat the atrocious Japanese invaders and became the provisional Chinese National Anthem in 1949, and officially in 1982.

Having gained control over Singapore on Feb. 15, 1942, Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita ordered to round up all ethnic Chinese Singaporan males between the ages of 18 to 50. It was a systematic extermination policy to identify and eliminate all Anti-Japanese ethnic Chinese Singaporans, in particular the ethnic Chinese Singaporans guerilla-volunteers who had fought courageously when the Japan invaded Singapore.

Japan set up designated "screening centers" all over Singapore. dreaded Japanese Kempeitai, sent those anti-Japanese ethnic Chinese Singaporans to remote sites e.g. Changi, Punggol, Blakang Mati and Bedok to be executed. The victims were thrown overboard into sea or machine-gunned to death at low tide so that water would come in and wash away dead bodies at high tide to conceal Japanese Crimes. It is known as the "Sook Ching Massacre".

It was reported in the Japan East Asia Annual published in 1942, that over 70,000 Singapore civilians, mainly ethnic Chinese Singaporans were killed by Japanese. Singapore Civilian War Memorial also known as "Chopsticks" was built and dedicated in 1967 by then Singapore Premier Lee Kwonyu. The memorial is built on one of the Mass Graves of the Sook Ching Massacre in the Siglap area.

This systematic extermination was later extended to Malaya, particularly in Penang. Another 40,000 Malaya civilians, mainly ethnic Chinese Malayans were killed by the dreaded Japanese Kempeitai in the continuation of the Singapore's Sook Ching Massacre.

In Manila, Filipine, the captured Japanese documents confirmed that the Japanese wholesale atrocities on Civilians in Manila were Japanese Official Orders. In one Japanese message book contained the following order issued to the Kobayashi group, then inside the walled Intramuros, on Feb. 13:

"All people on the battlefield with the exception of Japanese military personnel, Japanese civilians and special construction units will be put to death."

There were also some Guidelines for the Japanese Killing Order to conceal Crimes :

"When Filipinos are to be killed, they must be gathered into one place and be disposed of with the consideration that ammunition and manpower must not be used to excess. Because the disposal of dead bodies is a troublesome task, they should be gathered into houses which are scheduled to be burned or demolished. They should also be thrown into the river."

Col. J.D. Frederick, commander of the 129th Infantry of the 37th Division also filed a sworn report that at Fort Santiago inside the Intramuros, he found a dungeon-like room, the decomposing bodies sprawled around were civilians most starved to death, some of them suffocated. 30 bodies were sprawled around the steel doors trying to open the doors.

The Battle for Manila lasted only 28 days. However, estimated 100,000 Filipine civilians were massacred by the Japanese. One diary found on a dead Japanese soldier "wrote of his love for his family, eulogized the beauty of a sunset — then described how he participated in a massacre of Filipinos during which he clubbed a baby against a tree".

In Guam, Japanese took everything from his family except the clothes on their backs. "You treat an animal better than us," said Sinajana resident Ignacio San Nicolas, 73, who was 9 years old when the Japanese occupied Guam, said he and other children were forced to watch as the Japanese beheaded 3 people in Mangilao. "They put a big fear on all of us, that you have to do what they want you to do, or you're dead."

In a written statement, Juanita Cruz, a native of the Mariana Islands witnessed Japanese atrocities in Guam. Vividly told of how she at 8, was unable to help her mother while she was repeatedly raped by Japanese soldiers, and how she at 10, watched her 5 years old young brother die as a Japanese soldier cut his tongue off. All around her, people were being beaten, beheaded or gunned down with machine guns, she said at a forum in Tokyo.

It should be of no surprise that many similar Japanese atrocities occurred elsewhere thoughout the South East Asia.

Although Japanese Government had systemically destroyed most of its war documents to conceal its State-Terrorism with significant help from the U.S. to cover-up Japanese Terrorism, researchers have now shed more light on the Forgotten Asian Holocaust. Some questions, however, will never be answered. Just as the survivor of the Jewish Holocaust, Arno Lustiger with prisoner number A5592 remains tattooed on his arm, his telephone number Lustiger once told his curious daughter, said, " The more I have learned about this episode, the less I understand it ."

Takesato Watanabe, professor of media ethics at Doshisha University in Kyoto and visiting scholar at Harvard University, one of authors of book titled "A Public Betrayed" lists some of the following reasons for Japanese extreme brutalities, similar conclusion was also reached by Iris Chang in her best selling book "Rape of Nanking - The Forgotten Holocaust" :

1. Racial Prejudice :

   e.g. in the Jan. 1942 issue of Bungei Shunju, one of Japan's most popular monthly magazine, article " Establishing a Japanese Racial Worldview" explained the Japanese concept of "Proper Place" and stated that the Japanese is "the most superior race in the world".
   
   

2. Sub-Human View :

   Long before the war, Japanese militaristic government had already extensively brain-washed both the civilians and soldiers. Japanese brain-washing was so successful that most Japanese were brain-washed into believing that other Asian were actually Sub-Human.

   In 1923, after the magnitude 7.9 Tokyo Earthquake, rumors flew and reports of many Korean crimes in Japan. Japanese government proclaimed martial law. However, the evidence of the crimes was, and remains, hard to locate. Regardless, the mass killing of Koreans was carried out, not only by the civilians but also by uniformed officers—both military and police. An eyewitness described how the Japanese lined up children in front of parents and cut their throats; they then nailed parents to the wall by their wrists and ankles and tortured them to death. One Japanese man sawed off the arm of a living Korean man. All night long, the massacre continued ...... Torture was methodical—laceration inch by inch, taking eyeballs out, cutting off women’s breast, sticking bamboo spears into women’s vagina, emptying the pregnant woman’s belly, slashing the nose off, cutting off the ears, amputating finger by finger—while alive. After death, desecration of the corpse followed. Many sources agree that 6,000 of the 20,000 Koreans residing in the Kanto area were massacred.

   To the Japanese, the Chinese were considered to be even lower than the sub-human Koreans.
   
   

3. Distorted Cultural Superiority :

   Most Japanese had an extremely naive and completely distorted cultural view of Superiority which played a foundamental role in most Japanese attitude and behaviour. The distorted view brain-washed Japanese into committing these extremely atrocious Crimes un-precedented in modern History.
   
   

4. Holy War :

   Most Japanese had been thoroughly brain-washed by the Japanese militaristic government and blindly believed that the 14 years of inhuman brutality was a Holy War in the name of the God-like Emperor Hirohito. Even today, the 1,068 War Criminals including the 14 Class-A War Criminals secretly enshrined in 1978, are called "Showa Martyrs" by the Yasukuni Shrine.

   In 2005, wartime Emporer Hirohito's birthday is honored as "Showa Day", a National holiday to explicitly glorify Japan's 14 years Asian Holocaust, equivalent to making Hitler's birthday a National holiday in Germany.

   To the rest of world, it is an issue as clear as the Emperor's new clothes.

   Ironically, the Emperor himself admits he is Korean.

   In 1999, Japan's parliament enshrined the notorious militaristic Hinomaru (Rising Sun) flag and the notorious imperial hymn Kimigayo (His Majesty's Reign) as Japan's national flag and anthem. Kazuhisa Suzuki, a Japanese high school teacher said: " It's as though Germany brought back the Nazi Swastika and forced teachers to stand for it."

   To support the hundreds of teachers and students who refuse to sing the current Japanese notorious militaristic national anthem at school, someone has turned the Japanese notorious militaristic national anthem "Kimigayo" into 2 English versions titled : "Kiss Me" , and "Kiss Me Girl" , urge people to remember Japan's war crimes including Nanjing Massacre and Sex Slaves.

   Watch the Japanese teachers' story in video : Japanese teachers fight Militarization of schools , and sign their petition.
   
   

5. Brain-Washing Education :

   Extremely successful education programs of brain-washing implemented by the Japan's militaristic government through distorted education in the schools, media and militaries. It is called as the "Japanese Media Atrocities" of deceptions, lies, and abuses of media power in Japan by the book "A Public Betrayed".

   The education was so successful that even today Japanese current PM Koizumi ignores the victimized Asian countries and has paid tribute to these War Criminals in Yasukuni Shrine the 6th time as PM, and also the first on 15 Aug 2006, the anniversary of Japan's surrender, the most controversial date possible, signing the guest book as prime minister. Koizumi's dangerous game. It's as though Germany Chancellor went to a Nazi shrine and paid tribute to Hitler, and Goebbels, and Gestapo and telling the world it's just for peace.

   The 2 candidates to become Japanese next prime minister Shinzo Abe and Taro Aso also refuse to halt war Shrine visits. They gave their reason in Feb 2006 in Lower House budget committee meeting that Japanese Class-A War Criminals are not criminals according to Japanese standards.

   Japanese current foreign minister Taro Aso, whose family's Aso Mining Company had enslaved thousands of Koreans and PoWs as Slaves, even proclaimed in Oct 2005 that Japan is "one nation, one civilization, one language, one culture, and one race, the like of which there is no other on earth." completely ignored the Japanese aboriginal, i.e. Ainu of Hokkaido, and the Okinawan of Liuqiu Islands (Ryukyu Islands) . Both have their own origin, culture and languages . Ryukyuan language.

   In fact, the anthropologists and archeologists have confirmed that the modern Japanese came quite late from the mainland Asia to Japan , only around 400 B.C., and that is really a very shallow root . DNA research has confirmed Japanese are actually close genetic kin to both Chinese and Korean.

   "Archaeology has made a lot of progress," said Hisao Baba, curator of anthropology at the National Science Museum in Tokyo, "but politics has made it difficult for the Japanese general public to take a critical look at their own past."
   
   

6. Loyalty of Stupidity :

   Japanese Bushido for the samurai , i.e. the absolute obedience, loyalty, and even die for the Emperor, was actually inherited from the Chinese Emperor culture. However, in China, this kind of absolute obedience and loyalty had already long been recognized and condemned as the "Loyalty of Stupidity" if the Emperor were not following the "Ren " and "Yi " which are the most important "De " championed by the Chinese sage Confucius. Instead, Japan vigorously promoted the extreme suicidal death as twisted samurai honor and to preserve the Emperor, e.g. Okinawan's Group Suicides , Suicide Cliff , Ketsugo , and Kamikaze. Ironically , due to its numerous brutalities, instead of honour, Japan has become the most dis-honorable atrocious nation on Earth.
   
   

7. Incomplete Confucian Culture :

   Japan is considered by many as a Confucian country due to its Confucian inheritance from China. However, viewing through the History, it seems that Japanese had only selectively copied the Chinese Confucian culture and intentionally discarded anything that might erode the absolute power of the God-like Emperor, such as "Ren " and "Yi " which are the most important "De " of the Confucius teachings. This could explain why the Japanese Government and most of the Japanese soldiers committing the extreme crimes, inventing Games of Rape and Massacre , turned murder into Sport and Entertainment did not feel any guilt during its 14 years WMD Asia invasion at that time, many even to this day. Instead, they enjoyed very much the brutal fun and atrocious pleasure.

   Japanese new Prince Hisahito is the first heir recently born to monarchy in nearly 41 years. His name, after consulting with experts in both Chinese and Japanese classic literature, uses the Chinese characters for "virtuous, calm and everlasting". Keeping with custom, Hisahito's name ends with the Chinese character "hito" which means virtuous person, similar to current emperor, Akihito , and his father, Hirohito . Ironically, in reality, we know that it was exactly this Chinese character "hito" , i.e. "Ren " the most important Confucian virtue, that was completely trampled by Japan during its 14 years unspeakable WMD brutalities against Humanity.
   
   

8. Long Brutal Past :

   History has witnessed that Japan has a long history of extreme atrocities against its neighbours immediately after its Meiji Restoration. Extreme brutalities were always used by the Japanese to conquer. Starting with the brutal annexation of the Okinawan's Liuqiu Islands (Ryukyu Islands) in 1879 , Massacre of Lushun Port (Port Arthur) in 1894 , brutal Annexation of Korea in 1910 . Tokyo Earthquake Massacre of Koreans in 1923 . Jinan Massacre in 1928 . These early atrocities were only few precursor of the later extreme State-Terrorism of its 14 years of Asia WMD invasion of WWII.
   
   

9. Official Revenge :

   "Take No Prisoners" was the Official Revenge Military Policy for the un-expected Japan's huge loss. This official revenge policy was also adopted purposely in order to save Japanese lots of military resources and manpower needed to manage, shelter, and feed the Chinese PoWs.
   
   

10. No Supply Lines :

    Japan explicitly ordered its soldiers to loot for food and other supplies from the locals, so that no need to set up much supply lines.
    When Japanese were not able to loot any food from the Chinese due to their extreme poverty, Japanese hungry soldiers simply killed the Chinese and cooked human flesh and organs as their food source.
    Soldiers were sent out on Month-long missions with only 2 days' rations, hungry Japanese soldiers scavenged and some were reduced to eating the flesh of murdered Chinese.
    
    

11. Brutal Army Trainning :

    Extraordinarily strict and brutal nature of the Japanese military led to a transfer of aggression toward Chinese civilian. Yoshio Suzuki, former sergeant major recalled,
    "In training, we were forced to engage in actual charges in order to kill live humans ..... There were 3 men tied to stakes, all ready for us ..... I'd never killed anyone before. Still, if I was clumsy at it, it would affect my whole military career. So I showed no mercy or leniency."
    
    

12. Peer Pressure :

    Japanese war veterans who would often beat and humiliate new Japanese army recruits, called them cowardly if they did not participate in the atrocious crimes.
    Former army corporal Yasuji Kaneko said, "It was ultimately about competition. How many you killed becomes a standard of achievement."
    "Bayoneting a woman doesn't exactly feel good. If you didn't, you were called a coward and never got promoted. I completely lost my humanity," recounted a former Japanese soldier.
    
    

13. Extract Information & Recruit Traitors :

    Various brutalities and atrocities served as the medieval scare tactic aimed to break the unexpected Chinese strong will of resistance. Terror was also extensively used in order to extract information and recruit Chinese traitors.
    Former sergeant major Masayo Enomoto said, "After we raped them we stuffed petrol-soaked rags inside their vaginas and burned them. It was a message to the enemy, but it was also entertainment for us."
    Former Japanese soldier Taisuke Funyu said, "In the military, the more crimes you commit, the better your record."
    
    

14. Mis-calculated War Plan :

    Considering China had been totally weakened, corrupted and poverished by British, U.S., Japanese Opium, Heroine, Morphia , consumed by the Warlords , and the on-going Chinese Civil War, Japanese original invasion war plan was "3 days to conquer Shanghai, 3 months to conquer China". Yet, not only Japan had to spend 3 months just to capture Shanghai city, but also suffered great casualties. Therefore, feeling humiliated for not able to conquer China in 3 months with its overwhelmingly superior trained and well-equiped army, Japan determined to use extreme terror of various brutalities and atrocities to crush Chinese strong will of resistance and as revenge.
    
    

15. Incomplete Meiji Restoration :

    The Japanese Meiji Restoration had successfully transformed Japan from a feudal state to a modern state politically and militarily only. Unfortunately, it failed to transform Japan from a feudal state to a modern state culturally and spiritually. That was why the Japanese behaved in a medieval way, acted barbarously, invented Games of Rape and Massacre , turned murder into Sport and Entertainment without feeling any guilt. It was no wonder that General MacArthur once described Japan as "A Nation of 12-year-olds", but with deadliest WMDs.
    
    

16. Leaving Asia for Colonial Dream :

    The Japanese Meiji Restoration had only partially succeeded in transforming Japan from a feudal state to a modern state. However, Japan then decided to "Leaving Asia and Joinning Europe (Datsu-A Ron)" promoted by Fukuzawa Yukichi whose image is still on the Japanese 10000-Yen bank note, to disassociate Japan from China and Korea and modernize through complete Westernization. His famous article said: "Since westerners always regarded Japan, China and Korea as the same culture and similar countries, those 2 countries had become obstacles to Japan. Those are intimate with bad friends are also regarded bad, therefore we should deny those bad Asian friends from our hearts ....."

    
    Is Japan a Western country or an Asian one ? In 2005, it was reported that nearly 70 % of Japanese people thought their country was NOT a part of Asia but part of of the West.

    
    In Mar 1933, Japan withdrew from the League of Nations. Few months later, Hitler also left the league. In 1940, dazzled by the Hitler's victories in Europe, Japan decided to join the Axis and formally signed the Axis Pact (i.e. Tripartite Pact) and joined with Hitler. The pact stipulated that Germany and Italy recognized and respected the leadership of Japan in Asia, while Japan would do the same, and to help each other by providing political, economic and military assistance.

    
    Westernization was soo successful , Unfortunately , Japan had successfully transformed itself from a previous Western Colonial Victim to a Eastern Colonial Aggressor , and acted exactly like the Western colonial aggressors with its own colonial dream of "Greater East Asian Co-prosperity Sphere" . To achieve its colonial dream , Japan, exactly like the Western colonial aggressor , determined to dis-regard Humanity , and believed its colonial dream could justify the means . Therefore , Japan officially turned to the following medieval extreme State-Terriorism in wars:
    
    
    Japan was the FIRST in Asia engaged in "Indiscriminate Bombing" on civilians in Shanghai, Nanjing, Wuhan, Chongqing and other Chinese cities. FIRST in Asia, used the WMD Drug Weapon. FIRST in Asia, used the WMD Biological Weapon. FIRST in Asia, used the WMD Chemical Weapon, except the WMD Nuclear Bomb which was fortunately still under development. FIRST in Asia, committed the extremely brutal Mass Rape. FIRST in Asia, committed many extremely atrocious large scale of massacres, for example, the infamous Nanjing Massacre. FIRST in Asia, committed an extensive scale of Mass Extortion & Looting. FIRST in Asia, committed massive scale of abducting and kidnapping of young girls and women, then forced them to be Sex Slaves. FIRST in Asia, committed massive scale of kidnapping of men and forced them to be Slaves treated much worse than the PoWs. FIRST in Asia, committed the brutal colonial governance of Cultural Massacre forcing asians to adopt Japanese language, name, religion etc. FIRST in Asia, committed the extreme barbarism un-precedented in modern History by inventing Games of Rape and Massacre , turned murder into Sport and Entertainment . FIRST in Asia, committed the extreme barbarism un-precedented in modern History of the Japanese medieval Official "Three All Policy" -- "Kill All, Loot All, Burn All".

Rhawn Joseph, producer of the documentary "Nightmare in Nanking", analyses that the Japanese crimes were so horrific that they almost made Nazis look civilized in comparison. By contrast, Nazi soldiers became ill and began to break down after a few hours of shooting people. Even Nazi Heinrich Himmler, the head of the dreaded SS and the concentration camps, became ill and almost threw up while watching his men shoot civilians.

The Battle for Manila lasted only 28 days. However, estimated 100,000 Filipine civilians were massacred by the Japanese. One diary found on a dead Japanese soldier "wrote of his love for his family, eulogized the beauty of a sunset — then described how he participated in a massacre of Filipinos during which he clubbed a baby against a tree".

"War is inherently inhumane," Max Hastings writes in "Retribution: The Battle for Japan, 1944-45, "but the Japanese practiced extraordinary refinements of inhumanity in the treatment of those thrown upon their mercy. Sadism by the Japanese was not occasional but institutional".

British general Sir William Slim said, "The Japanese soldieris is the most formidable fighting insect in history".

Extreme brutalities are sometimes called as the "Crimes of Passion" . But the "Crimes of Passion" are normally generated by extreme hatred and rage. Yet, most of the Japanese soldiers committing their extreme crimes did not feel any rage, instead, they enjoyed very much the brutal fun and atrocious pleasure that puzzles everyone.

The puzzlement is not unique. Through research, more light has now being shed on the Japanese Forgotten Asian Holocaust. Some questions, however, will never be answered. Just as the survivor of the Jewish Holocaust, Arno Lustiger with prisoner number A5592 remains tattooed on his arm, his telephone number Lustiger once told his curious daughter, said, "The more I have learned about this episode," said Lustiger, "the less I understand it."

This military Sex Slaves is definitely the worst and only known war crime case of systematic mass violation of women rights against Humanity committed by a country in our modern History. Assuming 5 years of program, then there were at least 125 Million Rapes arranged by the Japanese Government.

Nearly all of the 2.5 Million Japanese soldiers who surrended to the Allies in 1945 would have known about the Sex Slaves. However, after the war the Sex Slave issue quickly faded from public consciousness, and for years the issue received little attention.

"We were the emperor's soldiers. Whether in military brothels or in the villages, we raped without reluctance", 87-year-old Yasuji Kaneko told the Associated Press.

On Feb 24 2001, in the Hague War Crimes Court, the International Tribunal has convicted the 3 Serb commanders in the Bosnian town of Foca in 1992 and 1993, where hundreds of women were abducted and sexually enslaved by Bosnian Serb soldiers. They received prison terms of 28, 20 and 12 years. The 3-judge panel ruled that Mass Rape is a crime against Humanity, the 2nd most serious category of international Crimes after Genocide.

In 1980s, the outcry of the former Sex Slaves started capturing the world wide attention, and slowly has gained the wide international support.

In 1984, Japanese journalist and feminist Matsui Yayori published a short article about Comfort Women in Asahi Shinbun.

In 1988, Professor Yun Chung Ok, a professor of Ehwa Women's University in Korea began to lead an activist group that conducted and presented research about the Comfort Women.

In 1990, 37 women's groups in Korea formed the Voluntary Service Corps Problem Resolution Council and demanded apology and compensation from Japan.

In the beginning, Japanese Government flatly refused to admit any involvement, as illustrated by Japan's position stated in the house of councilor's Budget Committee Session of June 1990 that "Comfort Women" were recruited by private sector operators.

Humiliated and ashamed, Sex Slave survivors remained silent for decades before finally speaking out in the early 1990s in response to persistent denials by Japan of its involvement.

August 1991, Kim Hak Sun became the first Korean woman to give public testimony to her life as a Sex Slave. She was one of the 3 Korean former Sex Slaves women filed the first lawsuit against the Japanese government in Dec. 1991. Her lawsuit had attracted worldwide attention. Similar lawsuits followed by South Korea women had finally shed some light to the worst case "Rape Camps" against women's human rights in this century.

On 16 Jan. 1992, Japanese history Professor Yoshiaki Yashimi of Chuo University unearthed 6 official war documents from the Library of the National Institute for Defense Studies in Tokyo, conclusively confirmed the involvement of Japanese government in both establishing and operating the Sex Slaves..

Fed up with the Japanese government's denials, Japanese history professor at Chuo University Yoshiaki Yoshimi went to the Defense Agency's library. In just 2 days, he found a rare trove that uncovered the military's direct role in managing the brothels, including documents that carried the personal seals of high-ranking Imperial Army officers.

Of the half-dozen documents he discovered, the most damning was a notice written on March 4, 1938, by the adjutant to the chiefs of staff of the North China Area Army and Central China Expeditionary Force. Titled “Concerning the Recruitment of Women for Military Comfort Stations”, the notice said that “armies in the field will control the recruiting of women,” and that “this task will be performed in close cooperation with the military police or local police force of the area.”

In another document from July 1938, Naosaburo Okabe, chief of staff of the North China Area Army, wrote that rapes of local women by Japanese soldiers had deepened anti-Japanese sentiments and that setting up “facilities for sexual comfort as quickly as possible is of great importance.” Yet another, an April 1939 report by the headquarters of the 21st Army in Guangzhou, China, noted that the 21st Army directly supervised 850 women.

Conclusive evidence had confirmed that Japan and military authorities at the highest levels were extensively involved in the Sex Slavery policymaking, establishment, and maintenance of the system, and in recruiting and transporting women across international borders.

Japanese historians, using the diaries and testimony of military officials as well as official documents from the US and other countries, have been able to show that the military was directly or indirectly involved in coercing, deceiving, luring and kidnapping young women throughout Japan’s Asian colonies and occupied territories.

The establishment of Sex Slaves involved NOT only every section of the Japanese military, but also the Government of Japan at every level, even the private Japanese companies were accomplices in the running of the Sex Stations.

Grant Goodman, now a retired Kansas University history professor, discovered the Sex Slaves documents when he was serving as a second lieutenant during War. He translated a 12-page document outlining the direct involvement of the Japanese military in the organization and utilization of brothels. He said the U.S. had known Japanese Sex Slaves had existed since 1937. He kept a copy of the documents and mailed them home to his parents. He didn’t touch them again until 1992, when he noticed that the Japanese Professor Yoshimi Yoshiaki, of Chuo University in Tokyo, also found similar documents in the Japanese Defense Agency archives.

In 1993, facing with the unrefutable proof, the Japanese government finally had no choice but forced to admit its direct involvement and operated the military Sex Salvery, and issued an apology. But many continues to deny by saying that the women were not forcibly recruited.

Note the 1993 apology (issued by Chief Cabinet Secretary Yohei Kono) was a Personal aoplogy only. It was NEVER approved by the Japanese parliament.

In Aug of 1993, the former Japanese consul general in Kansas City, Mo. Takao Shibata visited Grant Goodman. “He told me thanks to my documents, the Japanese government had been forced to admit that they were responsible for the comfort women,” said Grant Goodman.

Japanese historian Yoshimi Yoshiaki estimates as many as 200,000 Sex Slaves in 2,000 Japanese Comfort Stations across Asia in his 1995 book "Comfort Women".

By 1997, almost all school history textbooks and those in related subjects included a brief reference to comfort women.

Japanese military in cooperation with the Japanese organized criminal organization Yakuza, ran thousands of brothels for Japanese soldiers, kidnapping and forcing hundreds of thousands of women into "Comfort Women" - Sex Slaves.

In China Shanxi Province, Japanese troops routinely abducted women, confined them and repeatedly raped them. Japanese troops frequently forced village leaders to provide them with women.

Using the Sex Slaves, Japanese Army extorted large sums of money from the women's families in exchange for their Sex Slavery.

The Japan's first wartime brothel or "Facility for Sexual Comfort" was opened in Shanghai in 1938.

In September 3,1942, at a meeting held at the Ministry of the Army, a section chief reported that “the number of comfort facilities which have been set up are 100 in North China, 140 in Central China, 40 in South China, 100 in South East Asia (Nanpo), 10 in the Southern Seas (Nankai) and 10 in Sakhalin, which makes a total of 400.”

The majority of Sex Slaves were Chinese and Korean. They included mainland Chinese, Taiwan Chinese, Overseas Chinese, North and South Koreans, Malays, Thais, Filipinas, Indonesians, Burmese, Vietnamese, Indians, Eurasians, Dutch, Timorese, and natives of the Pacific islands. There may also have been Laotians and Cambodians. Toward the end of the war, Comfort stations were also set up in Okinawa and other parts of Japan at that time.

" There were 200,000 comfort women from China alone.... About 75 % of the Chinese Sex Slaves perished in captivity," Li said. In Shanghai alone, therer were 160 such sex stations.

The Sex Stations were not only used by the militaries, also used by the Japanese Businessmen. According to the “Regulations for Garrison Comfort Stations” published by Mandalay Headquarters on 26 May, 1943, the businessmen paid the same fees as the Japanese officers’ rates. All the Sex Slaves were ordered to collect tickets from the Japanese, which would be used to calculate their payment. Yet NOT a single cent was ever given to Mardiyem or the other girls.

Research has shown that the previous estimated 200,000 by U.N. Human Rights agency did NOT take into account of China, because China came into the research picture much later than its Asian neighbors.

Therefore, the Total actual number of Sex Slaves should probably be close to 400,000.

Despite the widespread prevalence of what was essentially institutionalized Rape, the issue of Sex Slaves was ignored by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, set up by U.S. after WWII to prosecute Japan's war criminals.

"Japan was not only not punished, it was given helpful hands to flourish economically, all for the sake of the Cold War," she said. "....I cannot imagine the U.S. dismissing 200,000 girls and women who were forced to become sex slaves by Japan, were those women WHITE. Yes, the neglect of the comfort women was an [U.S.] expression of at least triple discrimination -- gender, race and class."

80 % of the kidnapped Sex Slaves were between the ages of 14 and 18.

Typically, the room was 40-square-foot furnished with a wooden bed and a hard mattress, according to replica at the museum in Gwangju, often the only other object was a tin basin, dimly lit by a single bulb, where they lived as Sex Slaves serving up to 40 Japanese soldiers daily. They were allowed only short, sporadic sleeping times and near-starvation rations.

Japan systematically destroyed most their military records at the end of the war. But in those that remain, the Sex Slaves are usually referenced as "War Supplies" . They were often shipped right along with ammunition.

Mortality rates of Sex Slaves have been estimated to be as high as 75 %.

Ok Seon Lee, was 15 years Korean girl kidnapped by Japanese. For 3 years, she was forced to be a Sex Slave. Every time I see the scars, I remember how they slashed me. How can they say there is no history of what they did to us when the evidence is on my body ? To say that this did not happen, to deny history, this is the most wicked act" said Lee now 75 years old.

Kim Yoon Shim, a former Sex Slave, now 69 years old, told the cast of Hanako that she was 13 years old when she was abducted by Japanese outside her village in Cholla province. She said it was common for young women to have to offer sexual services 20 to 40 times a day. Many tried to commit suicide; others attempted escape.

During a rainstorm, Kim tried to flee. She sought refuge in a house - only to discover it was occupied by Japanese soldiers. "I was beaten up and tortured," she recounted. "My feet were broken and my spine cracked. They hung me upside down, poured water in my nostrils and stuck pins in me."

As a result of the torture, Kim's hearing is permanently damaged. When she was later reunited with her family, she said her mother suggested that it might have been better if she had died rather than survive with "that kind of past".

Kim's past followed her into her future. She was abandoned by her first husband because she could not have children. She underwent surgery in an attempt to repair the damage to her body. When she married a second time, she gave birth to a daughter with serious handicaps. Gonorrhea and syphilis contracted from Japanese soldiers had been passed to her baby. "To this day, my daughter cannot hear or talk," Kim said. "She doesn't know what happened to me."

In Filippine, Sex Slaves are known as the "Lolas", the Grandmothers. When "Lola Nenita" resisted the first assault, she was severely beaten. During their "rest periods" the women had to cook and do the laundry for their captors -- but they were never allowed to talk. They escaped when the Americans came and "Lola Nenita" returned home only to be thrown out by her husband and ostracized by relatives. She had brought dishonor to the family. Her children were forbidden from calling her Mother.

In East Timor, a Japanese Sex Slave exhibition exposes Japanese darkness in East Timor, a joint project conducted by the Japanese and East Timorese human rights groups. Furusawa Kiyoko, an associate professor of development and gender studies at Tokyo Woman's Christian University said, "Women enslaved in comfort stations were forced to serve many soldiers every night, while others were treated as the personal property of particular officers," she said.

"The women were also made to work at tasks such as building roads, cutting wood, growing and preparing food, and doing laundry during the day," Furusawa said. Comfort women received no payment for their work and little or no food, she added. Family members either brought food to the comfort stations or the women were sent home to obtain it.

Many Sex Slaves became sterile from the repeated rapes. Women who became pregnant or infected with a sexually transmitted disease were given a shot of the antibiotic terramycin, which the women referred to as "Number 606", the drug made the women's bodies swell up and would usually induce an abortion." The 606 was actually an injection of poisonous mercury. If a girl did get pregnant, soldiers would occasionally sit on the girl's stomach until the unborn baby came out, then they would kill the baby. The girl who had just given birth was not allowed a recovery period, and she was forced to have sex again right away. If a girl became too ill, a guard would wrap her up in a blanket and carry her away. Kim Yoon-shim, a former comfort woman reported, " I did not see any of the sick girls ever come back.”

Tan Yadong, a former sex slave, recalled one of her comrades who became pregnant. "They hung this poor girl from a tree. They killed her by cutting her open with a knife in front of all the people of our village. I could see the baby moving."

Lee Ok Soon, now 76, still suffers from the Sexual Slavery of her teens, "My two sisters feel quite ashamed of me and say that it was all my fault. They won't visit me at all." Although Lee married later, but she never revealed her past to her husband for fear of rejection, "I got so many injections of 606 that I was unable to have children ..... He didn't know." she explained. The 606 was actually an injection of poisonous mercury.

Jang Jomdol, 83, gave the tearful testimony, "It's so shameful just to think of what had happened to me when I was young serving as a Sex Slave of the colonial Japanese troops. It makes me sick," She said, "At first I felt so ashamed of my humiliating experiences I couldn't come out. It was really agonizing to bring myself up to tell the truth, but I finally decided to let the world know what really happened, contrary to the continued denial of this truth by the Japanese authorities."

She was abducted in 1938 at age 16 and forced to be Sex Slave of 40 Japanese soldiers daily on average for almost 2 years with repeated pregnancies and miscarriages alternately. She made several futile escape attempts, each time ending in beatings until she fell into unconsciousness. She saw 2 of her Sex Slave friends commit suicide and the memory haunts her even these days. "I won't be able to close my eyes even at my deathbed, unless I hear Japan apologize for its barbarism." she emphasized.

Kim Ok Sun, was kidnapped at age 15, thrown in a dirty truck packed with 15 other Korean girls and shipped to Taiwan. She painfully recounted the details of her 8 years Sex Slavery. One of the girls died after she was raped by as many as 100 soldiers, another committed suicide and 2 became insane.

The people in the hamlet burned most of their photographs of Gai Shanxi, a former Sex Slave, and all of her belongings because they believed anything related to her would bring them bad luck. But the Chinese filmmaker Ban Zhongyi persevered and over the years, Ban found women who shared horrific stories of being taken with the 22-year-old Gai Shanxi to a pillbox in nearby Jingui village, where they were raped every day by 20 to 30 men. "She offered herself to the army in order to protect other girls", one woman said.

Zhou Fenying, 90-years old, testifies to Japan's Sex Slavery. She were raped daily by more than 50 Japanese soldiers and was beaten if resisted. She was so traumatized by the incident that she never stopped crying. As a result, she contracted a serious eye disease and eventually lost her sight. Alocal town official redeemed her. Seeking revenge, her husband joined the army. The recent death of a former Chinese Sex Slave Lei Guiying, who was raped by a Japanese soldier and was forced into Sex Slavery at the age of 13 in a brothel in Nanjing for 2 years. "She burst into tears when I read her a local newspaper story about the death of Lei Guiying, the only person to have testified to wartime Japanese sexual slavery in Nanjing," recalled Jiang Weixun, her 62 years old son. He subsequently encouraged his mother to go public. "My mother has finally stood up to testify to wartime Japanese atrocities," said Jiang, "she deserves the respect and support of all the Chinese people".

University of Victoria Japanese history professor John Price says that After the war, the Japanese Army went to great lengths to cover up its connection to the Sex Slaves. Thousands of them were killed by the fleeing Imperial soldiers.

Of the about 400,000 Sex Slaves, only fraction lived through the ordeal and just about 500 are believed alive today. They were forced to serve up to 40 men a day.

No one knows the true figure.

Most have concealed their past, considering it too shameful.

Even more miserable, "Many of these women never went back to their families because they felt they would shame them," said Nora Okja Keller.

In Feb. 1992, the "Comfort Women" issue was first taken up at the U.N. by attorney Etsuro Totsuka at the commission of Human Rights adopted a resolution criticizing all form of violence against women in war situation.

In Nov. 1992, the International Commission of Jurists recommended that the Japanese Government should pay state compensation of US $20,000 to each of the victims for their physical and emotional damages.

In Aug. 1994, Japanese Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama annonunced a project for "Peace and Friendship Exchanges" tried to solve this issue. The proposal was criticized both at home and aboard that Japan is not taking its responsibility of state compensation to the victims.

In July. 1995, Japanese government established a private sector fund called "Asian Women's Fund" (AWF) tried to settle the "Comfort Women" issue privately. However, the fund has been rejected by most of the victims of military sex slavery by Japan and their support groups.

Victims strongly opposed the "Asian Women Fund" because the private fund covers up the war crime of Japanese government and the systematic sexual violence again women committed by a country.

Most victims have refused it and say, "We want no charity, but dignity".

On Jan. 4 1996, the U.N. Human Rights Commission released an official report, submitted by the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women by Radhika Coomaraswamy, on the wartime Sex Slavery, and report by International Commision of Jurists, Geneva Comfort Women : An Unfinished Ordeal.

In 1998, another U.N. report by Special Rapporteur Ms. Gay J. McDougall Systematic Rape, Sexual Slavery and Slavery-like practices during armed conflict. The reports are founded on years investigation and recommends that Japanese government should assume state responsibility and

1. Acknowledge its violation of international law.
2. Make a public apology in writing to individual women.
3. Pay compensation to individual women.
4. Amending educational curricula to reflect true historical realities.
5. Full disclosure of related documents
6. Identify and punish, as far as possible, involved perpetrators

The Japanese Government insisted that the recommendation from U.N. do not imply any legal binding, therefore, Japan has no obligation to comply with them.

Japan had joined in 4 international treaties that barred sexual trafficking in women and forced labour: the International Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Women and Children (1921), the International Agreement for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic (1904), the International Convention for the Suppression of the White Slave Traffic (1910) and the Agreement on the Abolition of Forced Labour (1930).

In 1999, the ILO Committee of Experts, i.e. the 20 member quasi-judicial expert body of the International Labour Organization also published its 3rd observation. In Observation concerning Convention No. 29, Forced Labour, 1930 Japan, the ILO Committee turned down the Japan's argument that the Convention should not be applied in the event of war. The Committee found Japan's violations of the Convention 29 concerning not only the issue of Sex Slaves but also the issue of Slave laborers by the Japanese industries during WWII.

In April 1996, the delegate to U.N. from China, for the first time, stated that Japan should pay state compensation to the victims of Sex Slavery by Japan during WWII.

With the financial support from Japanese government, the AWF has been actively exploring its canvassing, large scale advertisement and disunited activities in victimized countries.

In Aug. 1996, 5 Filipino victims became the first group to receive 2 million yen each from AWF, together with a letter from Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto. However, the 5 Filipino victims refused the letter and declared that they will continue their fight to demand official apology and compensation because the money from the private fund was not meant as a redress because Japanese government had not made state compensation.

To encourage victims to accept the "offer of atonement", Japanese government decided in Jan. 1997, to pay out extra money to be used for medical care and welfare through the AWF. Still, most victims have rejected the offer and only 285 women have accepted money from the fund.

In Sept. 1997, Taipei Women's Rescue Foundation in Taiwan held an unprecedented fund raising with the support of a famous Taiwan Chinese historian and writer Lee Auh. It successfully raised and distributed 500,000 NT (2 million yen) each to 42 victims going against AWF. In Dec. 1997, Taiwan government matched the fund and distributed another 2 million yen each to all victims rejecting AWF.

In May 1998, South Korea paid 34.5 million won (about 3.5 million yen) to 12 victims. In May 8, 1998 the payment made by the Health and Welfare ministry, comprised 31.5 million won from state coffers and 3 million won from an additional 6.5 million won donated by non-government organizaiton. South Korea will continue making payments to the remaining victims through welfare section of Korean local government.

After more than 10 years, in total only a fraction i.e. 364 former Sex Slaves had accepted the AWF money since 1995. “Why should I accept money from private Japanese people? They were also victims during the war” Even those who favored accepting the money said the fund reflected the absence of moral clarity in Japan, an opinion that was reinforced when Japan PM Shinzo Abe denied the Japanese military’s role in coercing women into sexual slavery. “It was really awful for the women. Four of them called me and said, ‘How could this happen again? How could they do this to me again?’ ” said Marguerite Hamer, the head of Project Implementation Committee in the Netherlands, through which 79 Sex Slaves have received compensation from the Asian Women’s Fund. “The Japanese government has presented this fund to deceive our survivors and the international community,” said Nelia Sancho, a leading supporter of the women in the Philippines.

Japan has always denied any official approval of the brothels, arguing they were created by civilians. But according to a recently declassified US report from the National Archives obtained under the US Freedom of Information Act, issued by General Headquarters, Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers on Nov. 15, 1945, the 36-page report offers the most detailed account yet of how the Japanese military brothels were run.

According to the report, Sex Slaves were given room and board but had to split medical expenses for treating their sexually transmitted diseases with the brothel operators, and had to buy clothes and grooming out of a small stipend they were to have received. But the women, abducted or tricked into the brothels by agents for the Japanese government, never received any payment, former Sex Slaves told researchers.

The report is expected to assist human rights activists who have been fighting for reparations for the surviving Sex Slaves of what some scholars refer to as the "Pacific Holocaust".

Last year 2003, a list of South Korean victims compulsorily mobilized by the Japanese imperialists was made public display in Seoul for the first time. The list of 413,407 people was the result of the efforts for 30 years of the Investigation Team on the Truth about Forced Korean Laborers in Japan, composed of Korean and Japanese scholars and researchers. S.Korean Congresswoman Kim stressed, “ The number of victims including forced laborers, those drafted for military service, sex slaves, is about 7.5 Millions." About 15 % of visitors found their names on the list.

“I do not want money, but just a formal apology. Give back my youth.” said Hwang Gun Ju, now 81. When she was 20 years old, she was forced to be a Sex Slave for about 4 years. There were the names of 147 “Korean Sex Slaves” on the list. Their real names were withheld in consideration of their privacy. " Is the Japanese government waiting for us to die ? I will not die before I win the apology” she added.

"Some Japanese, unofficially, have spoken openly of what they term the "Biological Solution", said Christopher Simpson, an associate professor at American University studied the comfort women issue for years, "In other words, waiting until the women die."

In 1995 Kim Hak Sun, the first former Sex Slave to give public testimony, told the anthropologist that she thought the Japanese tactics would be to stall the legal proceedings until all the litigants were dead. Her words proved tragically prophetic. She died on December 16, 1997.

Her funeral procession was routed to pass in front of the Japanese Embassy, where it halted for a symbolic demonstration of her struggle against the Japanese Government.

15 Sex Slaves tell their story.

Oct. 2005 In a comprehensive report entitled " Still Waiting After 60 years: Justice for Survivors of Japan's Military Sexual Slavery System" by Amnesty International. the report outlines the brutal treatment suffered by Sex Slaves and the excuses given by Japan over the years to deny responsibility for their suffering, called on the Japanese government to accept full responsibility for Sexual Crimes.

The Japanese government has argued that Rape was not a war crime until 1949, when it was incorporated into the 4th Geneva Convention. Amnesty International argues in its report, that there is a wealth of evidence that Rape in the context of armed conflict was a crime under customary international law during the entire period in which the Japanese government operated its system of sexual slavery.

Of the 215 Korean survivors who registered with the Korean Council, only 122 are left. Almost half of the survivors died since the first victim went public in 1991.

Chinese Taiwan has 28 of the women left with an average age of 84, according to the Women's Rescue Foundation.

In Filipino, 120 are still alive among 174 documented Sex Slaves.

In Indonesia, there are 1,156 known sex slaves, half of whom had already died.

Since 1992, Korean Sex Slaves have been demonstrating every Wednesday in front of the Japanese embassy in Seoul calling for justice. "We're old women, but before the last one dies, we want you to join our fight." said Yong Soo Lee. They distributed postcards calling for the blockage of Japan's bid for a U.N. Security Council seat.

For more than 14 years, every Wednesday since Jan 8, 1992, the slogan at the back now reads, " 800th Wednesday rally " in front of Japanese Embassy in Seoul, demanding full disclose of Japan's wartime records and genuine apology.

"The war may have ended decades ago. But my war is not over. It just can't be over until everything is disclosed and Japan's repentance is completed." said 81-year-old Yi Ok-seon who was 16 and kidnapped by Japanese to be Sex Slave for 10 soldiers on a weekday and as many as 40 a day on a weekend.

"Now you want a witness to my rape ? I am a witness. I am my own witness. I was the one Raped. I was the one ruined." said Lola Julia Porras, held captive in a tunnel in the Philippine and raped by Japanese forces in 1942 when she was 13 years old.

In a statement on Sex Slaves during the 51st session of the U.N. Commission on Human Rights in 1996, Karen Parker said the following :

"Mr. Chairman, How much compensation do you think ought to be paid to a woman who was Raped 7,500 times ???

What would the members of the Commission want for their daughters if their daughters had been Raped even once ??

One victim recounted how she was kidnapped; she was placed in a cubicle, where her hands were tied behind her back, and her legs were spread and tied to posts. They lined themselves outside our cubicles and as soon as one of them had satisfied his sexual desires another would come and have his turn."

Japanese Government earned hundred of millions by forcing hundreds of thousands of girls and women into Sex Slaves as pay service to its soldiers.

U.N. Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, Karen Parker, confirmed victims' testimonies, and added her findings during the 51st session of the U.N. Commission of Human Rights in 1996, Karen Parker states,

"Our research shows that more than 50 % of the girls and women died as a direct result of the treatment they received"

"There was at least 100,000 Rapes per day , arranged by the Japanese Government, and carried out by its soldiers , 100,000 Rapists per Day".

"Even assuming only 5 years of program, there were at least 125 Million Rapes , 125 Million Rapes against the women of Korea, Philippine, Burma, China, Taiwan, Indonesia, Netherlands."

Addressing at a public forum held in Tokyo in June, 1999, Ms. Gay J. an American international law specialist who issued a report endorsed at the 50th session of the U.N. Human Rights Subcommission on Aug. 21, 1998 : Systematic Rape, Sexual Slavery and Slavery-like practices during armed conflict, calling for Japan's reparation to wartime Sex Slaves, denounced the Japanese military abuse of Asian women as “One of the most egregious examples of wartime systematic Rape and Sex Slavery in History.”

McDougall rebuffed Japanese argument and said, “Statute of Limitations are in-applicable to Slavery, Crimes against Humanity and other gross violations of customary international law."

Dec 1, 2004 Women's organisations from Asia, Europe and North America agreed to act together from next year, the 60th anniversary of WWII to made abducted Sex Slaves by Japan to become global issue. "We'll launch a million-signature campaign worldwide to demand an apology and compensation from the Japanese government," said Suda Kaori, a Japanese member of the Korea Council for the Women Drafted for Military Sex Slavery by Japan.

On Aug 10, 2005 Women's groups rally across Asia, Manila, Seoul, Taipei, Tokyo, Osaka and other Japanese cities, urged Japan to apologize and compensate Sex Slaves. "Japan abducted me and forced me to become a Sex Slave," 76-year-old Korean Lee Yong-soo said, "The Japanese government should have come to my home and kneel down to apologize."

In Seoul, Kim Yun-ok said, " The Japanese soldiers enshrined at the Yasukuni Shrine are the very ones who Raped our grandmothers."

More than 86 % of the enshrined Japanese soldiers were from WWII. Private Tadokoro Kozo of the 114th division said in 1971 interview, " There wasn't . ANY . soldier who didn't Rape. After things were done, usually we killed them ..... We didn't want to leave any trouble behind .....",

i.e. ALL Japanese WWII soldiers are criminals , committed Mass Rape crime at the least.

After the war, Japan established brothels for U.S. soldiers with Japanese prostitutes across Japan. Grant Goodman, now a retired Kansas University history professor, discovered the Sex Slaves documents when he was serving as a second lieutenant during War. He said the U.S. had known Japanese Sex Slaves had existed since 1937. These facts complicate U.S. involvement in the Japanese War Crimes and Cover-up.

U.S. troops ignored Japan's Sex Slavery, used Japanese brothels after war. The first RAA brothel, called Komachien - The Babe Garden - each woman serviced from 15 to 60 clients a day. American historian John Dower, in his book "Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of WWII" says the fee was 15 yen or about a dollar. US leadership provided the Japanese government with penicillin for comfort women servicing occupation troops, established prophylactic stations near the RAA brothels. A Dec. 6, 1945, memorandum from Lt. Col. Hugh McDonald, a senior officer with the Public Health and Welfare Division of the occupation's General Headquarters, shows US occupation forces were aware the Japanese comfort women were often coerced.

From late 1942 Australia knew that the Japanese had shipped women to Rabaul where some 3000 Sex Slaves worked in an Australian Territory. The ‘Consolation Units’ had operated for 2 years in Rabaul – the capital of the Australia Mandated Territory of New Guinea. The New Guinea Comfort Women Story and the Australian Connection.

Daughter EILEEN :

It was a perfectly kept secret. There was some things that didn't make any sense - like, my mother always used to say, when it was her birthday or Mother's Day, and we'd say, "What do you want for a present?" And she'd say, "Just don't give me flowers. They're such a waste of money. Don't give me flowers." And we couldn't understand that. Everybody loves flowers. Every mother loves getting flowers.

Mother JAN :

In 1992, 50 years on, I remember hearing on the news that the War in Bosnia had broken out, and women were being Raped. Then I saw on television the Korean comfort women. The South Korean comfort women were the first ones to speak out. And I watched them here in my living room. And they wanted justice and compensation and an apology, more than anything else. They wanted an apology from the Japanese government. And they weren't getting anywhere. They were getting nowhere. And I thought, I must back up these women. Now it's time to speak out...... But before I could do that, of course, I had to tell my family. I had to tell Eileen and Carol. You know, How can you tell your daughters ? The shame was still so great, you know. I knew I had to tell them, but I couldn't tell them face to face.

Daughter EILEEN :

One day, my mother came up to my husband's shop and gave him an envelope and just mysteriously said, "Oh, give this to Eileen to read tonight." So I opened the envelope up, and there was two articles from Dutch newspapers with headlines about shocking revelations of Dutch women being used as Sex Slaves during the war. And I .... I just couldn't associate ..... "Why have I been given this to read ? What is this about ? Why has my mother given me this ? And as I read the articles, I just got so angry inside. I can feel it now. Anger just surged up inside me. I could see there was also a large amount of hand written notes by my mother, which was, in fact, 30 pages.

Daughter EILEEN :

And as it so turned out, it was exactly what I had feared. And all the time as I was reading, I was saying, "No ! Not this ! Not this !" And I was throwing the sheets of paper. And I can't believe the anger, because I'm not an angry person. Tears were just streaming down my face. I don't think I've ever cried so much in my whole life.

Daughter CAROL :

What I really felt was horror, shock and horror, that these things could have happened to such a beautiful person as my mother.

Daughter EILEEN :

All I'm thinking was, "No ! Not my .... No, this is not my mother. My mother is this beautiful .... is this beautiful, strong person. Nobody could do that to her. That's not what's happened. That's not what I've heard. That's not .... that's not the story of prison camp that I know."

More .........

Normally historians maintain that historical facts need to be reconstructed utilizing diverse sources such as official and unofficial documents, testimonies, and other kinds of evidence; evaluated and verified in terms of its persuasiveness and logical coherence. However, Japanese right-wings insist that the official written documents are the only legitimate source for the study of history.

To refute this Sex Slavery issue, Japanese right-wings have extensively focused on the semantic and minor technical details of the testimonies and historical research. They insist that no state or military force was used because NO written official order has been discovered, therefore it is not the Real Truth and pushed for the revision of the history textbook. They completely ignore the fact that Japanese government had destroy all the official record to conceal their crimes, not to mention deliberate falsehoods and obfuscation sometimes found in official wartime documents.

For deatils, refer to The "Comfort Women" controversy: History and Testimony.

Even if the Sex Slaves came voluntarily or by private agents, they were effectively in a state of Sex Slavery because they had no freedom and were under strict military control, pointed out Yoshikazu Yoshimi, a professor at Chuo University and a leading expert on the issue. A number of government documents have already been discovered to prove the army planned the brothels, ordered them set up and was deeply involved in managing them, Yoshimi said.

Former Japanese Prime Minister Nakasone recalls in his memoirs authorizing the building of a "comfort station" on the island of Borneo for the use of men in his Naval Corps.

Japan in defiance to all Sex Slave victims, and the comprehensive report entitled "Still Waiting After 60 years: Justice for Survivors of Japan's Military Sexual Slavery System" compiled by the Amnesty International, and the Human Rights recommendations of Systematic Rape, Sexual Slavery by the United Nations which Japan is now applying for a permanent membership of U.N. Security Council, the

Japan's largest national newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun has called on its readers to celebrate the New History Textbooks of cutting out ALL mentions about the Sex Slaves.

Jun 13, 2005 Japan's Minister of Education and Culture, Nariaki Nakayama praised the recent deletion of Sex Slaves from History Textbooks.

To support the hundreds of teachers and students who refuse to sing the current Japanese notorious militaristic national anthem at school, someone has turned the Japanese notorious militaristic national anthem "Kimigayo" into 2 English versions titled : "Kiss Me" , and "Kiss Me Girl" , urge people to remember Japan's war crimes including Nanjing Massacre and Sex Slaves.

Sex Slave history erased from texts; Japanese '93 apology next ?. Note it (issued by then Chief Cabinet Secretary Yohei Kono) was a Personal apology, which was NEVER approved by the Japanese parliament.

Japan refused to comment on former Japanese PM Yasuhiro Nakasone's memoirs of his service as a naval officer and he personally set up a military brothel during War.

Japan cannot contain its fury over N.Korea's failure to "sincerely" face up to its role in kidnapping a handful of Japanese civilians during the Cold War and forcing them to teach Japanese customs and language to N.Korean spies. "The Japanese become very emotional about the abductees because the victims are Japanese... What Abe is demanding from N.Korea, an apology and punishment for the people who did it, should be the same standard he applies on comfort women." says Yoshimi Yoshiaki, a Chuo University professor and co-chairman of the Center for Research and Documentation on Japan's War Responsibility. "They were raped by the Japanese military," said Thomas Schieffer, the U.S. ambassador to Japan.

What is the difference between no coercion in recruitment and the coercion in the comfort stations, which deprived Sex Slaves of human rights ? The Japanese cabinet council is playing with words. Japan is insisting that N.Korea should free 17 Japanese who had been kidnapped by N.Korea, or it would not participate in economic aid for N.Korea that was agreed to at the six-party talks. But what about the the 200,000 Sex Slaves kidnapped by Japan ? N.Korea leader Kim Jong-il acknowledged the kidnapping of the Japanese. Why won't Abe acknowledge and apologize for the coercion of Sex Slaves ?.

“The Japanese military itself newly built this system, took the initiative to create this system, maintained it and expanded it, and violated human rights", said Yoshiaki Yoshimi, the Japanese history professor at Chuo University who discovered the conclusive evidences that forced Japanese Government to apology in 1993. Since then, led to years of harassment from the right wing, he said, including nightly phone calls.

Japan government had always maintained that there were no official documents to prove the military's role in establishing the brothels. To Yoshiaki Yoshimi, Abe's denial sounded familiar, because it was his discovery of the official documents that forced Japanese PM Abe now to change a bit by saying that there were no official documents to prove that the military forcibly procured the women, thereby discounting other evidence, including the testimony of former sex slaves.

The emphasis on official documents has long been part of Japan's government strategy to whitewash war crimes. Because "if you can't use anything except official documents, history itself is impossible to elucidate", said Yoshimi. "There are things that are never written in official documents", he said. "That they were forcibly recruited that's the kind of thing that would have never been written in the first place".

Not to mention that in the 2 weeks between Japan's surrender and the arrival of US occupation forces, Japan leaders incinerated so many potentially incriminating documents that the Tokyo sky was said to be black with smoke. The few official documents that he had discovered, survived only because they had been moved 25 miles west of central Tokyo before the end of the war, Mr. Yoshimi said. Today, Japan refuses to release documents that historians believe have survived and would shed light on Japan's wartime history.

Ironically, the Japanese '93 apology states that "....The Government study has revealed that in many cases they were recruited against their own will, through coaxing coercion, etc., and that, at times, administrative/military personnel directly took part in the recruitments....."

Koken Tsuchiya, the former president of the Japan Bar Association criticized Japan for denying the forced Sex Slavery, "Though Japanese politicians are calling for a reinvestigation, it would be meaningless unless it is based on meticulous research. It is far-fetched that they believe the victims were not coerced only because official records don’t say the word ‘coerce.’". He asks Japan to open up stored records on 'comfort women'.

US Congressional Research Service (CRS) report concluded that Japan's war crimes acknowledgments have been weakened in the eyes of many by related controversies over Japan's historic record, e.g. Koizumi's visits to Yasakuni Shrine, History textbook, and statements by individual Japanese political leaders. "Abe government's denial of any evidence of military coercion in recruitment goes against the testimony former comfort to Japanese government researches who compiled the 1992-1993 government report and the testimony of forced recruitment by nearly 200 former comfort woment from different Asian countries and the Netherlands of the 400 plus testimonies cited in Yuki Tanaka's book, Japan's Comfort Women".

July 11, 2008 In Toyko, an exhit titled "One day, the Japanese army arrived — Rapes and Comfort Stations in China. "Many women were abducted and raped by Japanese soldiers as a warning against Anti-Japan movements there" said Eriko Ikeda, director of the exhibition at the Women's Active Museum on War and Peace, known as WAM. A woman in Guilin, who was married at the time, was abducted with 6 or 7 other women and got pregnant while being repeatedly raped at a comfort station. Her son, fathered by a Japanese soldier, has been discriminated, was forced to withdraw from an elementary school and was repeatedly hit by his father, said, "I hope the Japanese government will apologize to my mother.". A woman from S.Korea was recruited at age 17 that she would work at a Japanese factory but was actually brought to a comfort station in Shanghai. "I was forced to work with 30 to 40 men a day and I didn't have time even to sleep."

4 damages lawsuits were filed in Japan, of which the plaintiffs already lost 3 cases, according to WAM. The Japan court acknowledged the plaintiffs' claims that they were "abducted, confined, continuously beaten and raped by Japanese soldiers" but rejected their demand for 23 million Yen each partly because their right to demand redress expired after 20 years. One plaintiff is Chen Yabian who suffered 8 miscarriages during 9 pregnancies after surviving the wartime atrocities. Former Japanese soldiers Hajime Kondo said, "I once joined a gang rape with several other soldiers." Another panel says: "I was told by my colleagues, 'It's your turn. I had become such a man, who joined a gang rape and killed nonresistant people without hesitation, while I spent 4 years in battlefields." Stirred by his remorse, Kondo has repeatedly visited China since 2000 while testifying in court cases on behalf of the victims.

This large scale of Slavery Crime is definitely the worst war crime case of massive slavery violation against Humanity committed by a country in our Human History. Japan had surpassed Nazi in both the number and brutalities of using the Slaves in both Before and During the War.

"The Japanese were running no less than the biggest Slave shipping operation since the middle passage, the African Slave Trade," California based lawyer Barry Fisher said.

Millions of so-called "romusha" Asians worked as Slaves forced by the Japanese across Asia Pacific. It is estimated more than 15 Million Asian and PoWs were used as Slaves and only fraction of the survivors may still be alive.

Although Japan had destroyed most of its war documents to conceal its crimes, what can almost be certain is that, Japan had surpassed Nazi German in both the Number and Brutalities of using the Slaves in both Before and During the War.

More shocking is that the death rate in Nazi-run PoW camps was 1.1 %; but in Japanese prisoner camps it was a staggering 35.7 %, according to The Center for Civilian Internee Right, Inc..

But, the Most shocking fact is that the Death rate in the Japan's Asian Slave Camps was even higher than the PoW Camps.

In the so-called Hanaoka Incident, about 100 Slaves were killed in 3 days after the unsuccessful escape. In total, more than 418 of the nearly 1,000 men sent to Hanaoka were dead by the end of War. Shocking fact is that, Hanaoka was hardly the worst site.

The death count was even higher at other Asian Slave Camps in Japan.

Though the Nazi regime lost the war, German companies profited from Slave labor. German Industrial Wealth was 17 times larger After the war than in 1939 by using Slave laborers according to economic historian Dietrich Eichholz.

Linda Goetz Holmes details in her book Unjust Enrichment: How Japan's companies built postwar fortunes using American PoWs.

At least 2,700 American PoW as Slave labored in the factories, mines and shipyards of Mitsubishi subsidiaries.

Exactly like ALL the Western colonial countries G8, Japan also became a rich country mainly through various brutal colonial Crimes. For details, refer to Criminal Enrichment against Humanity - Extortion & Looting of Asia.

In 1939, the Japanese government passed the National General Mobilization law, which forced all colonial subjects, including Koreans, and Chinese in Taiwan and Manchuria, to work wherever needed by Tokyo.

During the war, Japan set up numerous Slave Camps all over Asia. According to Japanese official record, in Japan alone, there were 135 Slave Camps for 35 Japanese companies, 22 of which are still in business.

In the late 1930s, Japanese army began what it euphemistically called "pacification" campaigns to seize workers for Manchuria's mines and factories. "At least 9 Million northern Chinese and their families were coerced or tricked into going to Manchuria, where they were used as forced laborers," according to He Tianyi, a scholar. Prisoners were held in concentration camps, then handed over to Japanese companies in Manchuria -- for a fee.

It is also known as the "Compulsory Seizure Campaign", better known as "Laborer Hunting", in which the Japanese army kidnapped Chinese and exported them to Japan to work as Slaves at mines, construction sites and docks from Kyushu to Hokkaido. The overall official death rate of 17.5 percent, more than one in 6 in barely 2 years of operation. Some individual work sites posted death rates in excess of 50 %.

Cruelty was a central feature of supervision and there were no days off. Food, clothing and shelter were provided at, and in many cases below, survival threshold levels. Failure to meet demanding production quotas resulted in beatings and reduction of meager food rations. Some workers were reduced to wearing discarded cement sacks with arm holes cut into them.

For details, refer to Chinese Forced Labor, Japanese Government and Prospects for Redress.

After 1939, the historians calculate, the number of Asians Slaves kept in one Chikuho region only had swelled to over a Million.

According to Japanese current foreign minister Taro Aso family's Aso Mining Company's own statistics, in Mar. 1944, it had a total of 7,996 Korean laborers. 300 Allied PoW were enslaved at the Aso Yoshikuma coal mine or knwon as the Fukuoka PoW Branch Camp No. 26. Japanese current foreign minister Taro Aso himself ran the Fukuoka company from 1973-79, and continues to maintain his relationship with the firm.

"Because Aso's family connection gave him the opportunity to address wrongs in the firm, and he did not do so," making him an unsuitable foreign minister by German standards according to German Embassy official in Tokyo. Japanese Foreign Ministry in Tokyo did not respond to inquiries on the issue.

Former Slave Liu Lianren was abducted in 1944, one month before his son’s birth. Unaware the war had ended, Liu hid in the mountains of Hokkaido and emerged from a snow cave in Feb 1958. At the time Nobusuke Kishi who oversaw the Slave labor program as minister of commerce and industry during the war, was imprisoned as a Class-A War Criminal suspect and later became Japanese prime minister in 1957.

Ironically, Kishi government proceeded to investigate Liu for entering Japan illegally. Liu angrily demanded compensation for his abduction and forced labor, telling reporters to ask Class-A war Criminal suspect Japan's Prime Minster Kishi how he had come to be in the country. He turned down the Japanese government’s proffered envelope containing 100,000 yen in sympathy money and returned to China home as national hero and met his 14-year-old son for the first time.

The Tokyo District Court in July 2001 ordered Japanese Government to compensate his family, but the Tokyo High Court overturned the ruling in 2005.

In 1944, Japanese government issued its brutal "Guidelines for Controlling Imported Chinese Laborers" to ENSURE that the living conditions were purposely made as wretched as possible and Slaves were deliberately treated harshly which were even ENFORCED by regular inspections, i.e. inferior clothing, overcrowded sleeping quarters, primitive sanitation, no bathing facilities, limited medical care, minimal amounts of poorest quality food, to be withheld as necessary to crush their will to resist.

According to the Japanese official Foreign Ministry Report 38,935 Chinese Slaves brought to Japan. 812 Slaves died during transit. In total, 6,830 Chinese Slaves died excluding thousands died in detention or killed to escape.

In June 1944, based on the recommendations by Honma Fusakichi who served as Kishi's deputy cabinet secretary, the Japanese Interior Ministry issued Slave guidelines called "Reference Documents for Use of Chinese Workers" :

"Regarding living quarters, the ceiling should not be more than [10 cm] higher than workers' heads when they are seated. Then we could more than double the number of workers presently in camps. Bathing facilities are especially excessive and are not necessary for Chinese workers .....

"If you give them only a little food, they will be tense and their work productivity will improve ..... It may be difficult to reduce food rations right away, so you can start with the sick and workers who have been resting. Or, it should be possible to reduce food rations by a small amount every day ..... If you allot them twice as much work as Japanese or Koreans, it will be more effective ..... The Chinese are a race unaffected by feelings ..... It is true that the Chinese have loving feelings for their homeland and the graves of their ancestors. But they never shed real tears. Tears for people like them are skillful acting ....."

The Investigator Report for Ashio included the following numbered directives from Tochigi police :
(2). Be overpowering as method of control .....
(3). When you capture runaways, do not let them return to their camp and work again. (If they are allowed to return, other workers will be relieved to see that runaways are not killed, causing others to flee) .....
(5). Make the living quarters as shabby as possible .....
(6). Make the food as poor as possible and consider it to be fodder .....

In Apr 1945, Kajima made an in-company transfer of 280 laborers from an Iwate mine to an Ibaraki mine. 50 % of these men died. The Ibaraki worksite reported that none of them could get off the train unassisted and 70 % of them could not walk at all due to eye, lung and intestines illnesses.

The high death toll was then shamelessly blamed on the Slaves themselves, as described in a Kajima Corp. Site Report : "Chinese workers lack any concept of sanitation ..... most skin disorders were brought with them from China ..... The cause of gastroenteritis is traceable to living environments in China. In addition to having weak bodies and weak resistance, they lack a personal sense of hygiene and neglect their health. For example, they stealthily pick up and eat rotten leftover food that has been thrown away, resulting in colon bacillus and making activity difficult."

Therefore, after the war, Japanese government immediately instructed Japanese corporations to burn all Slave records to conceal slavery crimes. NHK referred to a committee report that explicitly specified 3 days of document-burning commenced on Aug 16 at the direction of the Munitions Ministry, and to implement a defense strategy for preventing Slave crime investigations from spreading beyond Hanaoka.

In an "Important Notice for Preparing Name Rosters", Hokkaido prefectural police directed town offices and local physicians to falsify death certificates by omitting references to starvation, overwork, torture and suicide. "Causes of death such as malnutrition, starvation, suicide and death by occupational injury should be rewritten ..... The rewriting of death certificates should be coordinated with doctors and local public officials." Otomo Fukuo, a MOFA investigators, told NHK that in one railroad worksite in Hokkaido, 26 out of 90 death certificates had been rewritten and falsified on police orders.

The site report for Mitsubishi’s Katsuta mine in Fukuoka even claimed that Chinese were fed better than Japanese, and worked only 8-hour days with escorted trips out of the camp on holidays.

However, in 1993, Japanese NHK TV broadcasted a special called "The Phantom Foreign Ministry Report: The Record of Chinese Forced Labor". It details Japanese official brutal Chinese Slave system. The documentary was awarded the top prize at the 1993 Asia TV Broadcasting Festival. NHK also published a 244-page book with the same title in 1994.

NHK producer obtained the long-suppressed Japanese official 5-volume of 646-page "Foreign Ministry Report" (FMR) and related documents from Chen Kunwang of the Tokyo branch of the Overseas Chinese Association, and Otomo Fukuo, an official MOFA investigators dispatched to worksites. Chen told NHK that someone connected to MOFA, disobeying orders to destroy the records, secretly gave him via a middleman.

In 2002, the declassified Ministry of Foreign Affairs documents clearly revealed that the "voluntary contract labor" was a cover-up devised by the Japanese Kishi government who authorized the Slave scheme. Japanese government then changed its position and insisted that the program had only consisted of "half-forced" labor. After a series of court proceedings Japanese government finally was forced to acknowledge the existence of FMR Chinese Slave report and had to offer an apology in July 2003.

For details, refer to The Japanese Court, Mitsubishi and Corporate Resistance to Chinese Forced Labor Redress, and the Resolving the Wartime Forced Labor Compensation Question.

After the war, the abuse of the allied PoWs in Slave camps was vigorously prosecuted. But in cases, where the victims were Chinese Slaves, often igonored. e.g. In Yokohama war crimes trials handed down 60 guilty verdicts including 8 death sentences for atrocities against Allied PoWs in Niigata Prefecture. But NO charges were even filed for the Chinese Slaves enslaved at the SAME port facilities and were TWICE as likely to have died.

Most Japanese construction and mining companies won't even say if they used Slave labor or not. The documents, they argue, was lost in the "confusion" at the end of the war. Few survivors are now fighting for apologies and compensation in court. "We are not sure if we will see the end of this fight [against Kajima]," Wan says. "That is why we are passing it on to our children."

Using the obvious U.S. double-standard in the Tokyo Trials, Japanese company Mitsubishi asserted that the lack of Slave War Crimes prosecutions against the company proves its innocence in the Slave lawsuits. In the court, Mitsubishi not only denied the historical facts routinely recognized by other Japanese courts, also criticised Tokyo Trials, even openly questioning whether Japan ever "invaded" China at all.

Numerous inhuman Slave Camps were established in Japan and all Asia. The so called "Hanaoka Incident - Kajima's Throne of Blood" was probably one of the many similar "incidents". It would never have become an incident if American occupation authorities had not caught employees of Kajima Gumi digging up a Mass Slave Grave to hide their Chinese Slaves' bones.

The Slaves, recaptured after an unsuccessful uprising. More than 400 Chinese Slaves killed. Many were tortured to death during the non-stop 3 days and 3 nights torture without any food or water in the summer night of 1945. It was pieced together by Nozue Kenji and Yachita Tsuneo in their years long search for the truth.

Yasuo Togashi was 9 when he and his neighbors cheered when the bone-thin escapees were recaptured. "We thought the Chinese weren't even human, and we were happy when they were caught. Now, I feel nothing but remorse." said Togashi, 69, a retired teacher.

Back in China, unfortunately, many Slave survivors continued to suffer after the war, physically and socially. In 2004, Cui Shujin visited Fukuoka and presented a "Safekeeping Voucher" for 1,250 yen in unpaid wages to the Moji Customs Office, which declined his request to redeem the voucher for cash. Cui said everyone else secretly burned theirs during the Cultural Revolution because discovery of such a direct link to Japan could have resulted in execution as a Japanese spy.

Initially, the Chinese government did not even make NHK's task of filming in China easy. Only in 1995, China had finally allow victims to file lawsuits in Japanese courts. About 72 wartime Slaves compensation lawsuits were filed between the 1990s and 2004. An oral histories of 600 Chinese Slaves were also published in a 5-volume collection in 2005.

After the war, Korean Slaves immediately began demanding their unpaid wages. In 1946, the Japanese government quietly instructed companies to deposit the Korean and Chinese Slaves related wages, monies, and also the money that was never paid out to Korean soldiers and civilians who worked for the Japanese military. However, Japan never tried to notify the Slaves or their families. Only recently Japan reluctantly admits that the monies are still being held.

It has been confirmed Korean Slave related money still being held amounts to US$ 2 million unadjusted for 60 years of compound interest and inflation. It has also been confirmed that Moji Customs Office alone today holds Chinese Slave related money of US$ 70 million unadjusted for 60 years of compound interest and inflation.

Japanese companies not only directly benefited from the un-paid Chinese Slaves during the war, but also benefited without paying any compensation to the Slaves after the war. Ironically, after the war in 1946, All 35 Japanese companies received generous compensation from Japanese government, i.e. US$ 560 Millions, for their claimed losses of using the un-paid Chinese Slaves.

A document uncovered by The Fact-Finding Team on Truth about Forced Korean Laborers, at the National Archives detailed a Japanese cabinet decision in 1944 regarding a plan to conscript a total of 290,000 Koreans to provide workforces to all parts of Japan. It said that 119,170 were taken to "coal mountain," 38,831 to "metal mountain," 74,030 to "construction," and 57,969 to "factories and others." As for Fukuoka prefecture where the largest number of Koreans were forced to work during WWII, the data referred to it as "coal mountain 50,525." The record also provided a new fact that 3,365 Koreans were taken to Chiba prefecture.

In 2005, S.Korean government disclosed all documents of the normalization talks in 1965 with Japan. S.Korean informed the Japan that 1.03 million S.Koreans were forced to work for the Japanese military or companies, and the financial damages they suffered exceeded $300 million. They agreed that Japan would provide economic assistance $300 million in grants and $200 million in loans. In exchange, S.Korea under the military government led by Park Chung Hee, under U.S. pressure, agreed to abandon its rights to claim compensation from Japan. The "Political Settlement" sparked outrage among S.Koreans saying Japan exploited their poverty directly caused by Japanese colonization. In Aug 2005, S.Korea declared that its 1965 Treaty does not erase Japan's legal responsibility for Sex Slaves and Slave laborers.

North Korea claimed that Japan had forced 8.4 million Koreans to go to Japan, mainly as Slaves during its colonization.

In 2003, a list of South Korean victims compulsorily mobilized by the Japanese imperialists was made public display in Seoul for the first time. The list of 413,407 people was the result of the efforts for 30 years of the Investigation Team on the Truth about Forced Korean Laborers in Japan, composed of Korean and Japanese scholars and researchers. S.Korean Congresswoman Kim stressed, "The number of victims including forced laborers, those drafted for military service, sex slaves, is about 7.5 Millions." About 15 % of visitors found their names on the list.

In Feb 2006, A Japanese citizens' group led by Atsuko Aoyagi who supports the Koreans who were pressed into military service or forced Slaves, published a book explaining the Korean lawsuits. The group plans to take the book to the U.N. Human Rights Commission, along with a petition calling on Japan to compensate the Korean.

Names, Bones and Unpaid Wages: Reparations for Korean Forced Labor - Part 1 , Part 2.

In Indonesia, the former Slaves laborers are known as "Romushas". The Japanese rounded up the Romushas during occupation of what was then a Dutch colony in the East Indies and sent to work in road, railways and bridge. In 1993, 12,923 former Indonesian Slaves had registered demanding compensation from the Japanese government.

On Dec 7, 1941, Japanese pilot Mitsuo Fuchida led Japan's attack on the US base at Pearl Harbor. It was Fuchida's airplane from which was transmitted the radio signal "Tora! Tora! Tora!", indicating that a successful attack was underway. However, it was a strategic failure for Japan. Japan was gambling that it would be able to complete their Asian conquests before the U.S. could recover. U.S. might then choose negotiation over fighting.

On Aug 6, 1945, Paul Tibbets flew the Enola Gay, the B-29 bomber and dropped the atomic bomb "Little Boy" on Hiroshima. Aug. 9 another atomic bomb "Fat Man" exploded on Nagasaki. August 15 Japan surrendered.

Tibbets recalled a meeting with Japanese pilot Mitsuo Fuchida who transmitted the radio signal "Tora! Tora! Tora!" indicating that a successful Pearl Harbor attack was underway. Fuchida told him, " You did the right thing. You know the Japanese attitude at that time, how fanatic they were, they'd die for the Emperor. Can you imagine what a slaughter it would be to invade Japan ?" Fuchida continued. "It would have been terrible. You did the right thing. The Japanese people know more about that than the American public will ever know."

Paul Tibbets has been credited by thousands of former PoW, soldiers and civilians including Japanese, in all Asian countries for saving their lives. The Atomic Bombs also prevented the utter destruction of the Japanese mainland, and the deaths of millions of Japanese civilians who would have fought to their deaths.

A man from West Australia wrote in the guest book at the science museum at the Los Alamos National Laboratory :

"My mother, sister and I were in a PoW camp in Java (Djakarta) when the first bomb went off. As a reprisal, the Japanese were going to place all the camp residents in barges and sink them in the Java Sea. The 2nd bomb saved our lives -- and all those innocent women and children held in PoW camps all over Java and Sumatra and no doubt elsewhere.

I am grateful."

“Ask me to do it again under the same circumstances, I wouldn't hesitate,” Paul Tibbets said during a brief meeting with reporters. “I think I did the right thing.”

Japan, driven by the frenzy of Militarism, committed unspeakable war crimes and atrocities of such great magnitude and diversities un-matched even by the Nazi. Following table is a comparison of atrocities against U.S. PoW :

Clinton Jennings of San Francisco survived through the savage Bataan Death March to prison Camp O'Donnell on April 9, 1942. It was 70 miles 5 days 5 nights death march in 100 degree heat, deprived of food and water, 10,000 of 70,000 US and Filipinos PoWs died. "If a fellow fell down, he was either shot, bayonetted or beaten to death. I saw bodies strung along the highway." recalled Merle Lype of Thomasboro.

"There was a bayonet sticking six inches through his chest," said Claud Glascock who weighed 160 pounds dropped to less than 70 pounds while in captivity, "All we could do was drop him and keep walking unless we wanted to get shot and bayoneted."

At a railhead, they were loaded into hot, crowded box cars. "If you died in there, you couldn't fall to the floor even," said Rutter. At their eventual destination, Camp O'Donnell, 54,000 prisoners were crammed into facilities built for a fraction as many people. Malaria, dysentery and malnutrition killed another 20,000.

They were then transported to Japan in "Hell Ships" and elsewhere as slave laborer in 2 months trip, with little protection from the January cold. "the holes of the ship with just enough room to lie down head to toe," and fed "a small bowl of rice and a half a cup of water per day." "We were throwing American bodies overboard at the rate of 30, then 40, then 50 a day all the way to Japan," Mel Rosen said, "The Bataan Death March was a Sunday stroll compared to the 3 Hell Ships." Only 200 to 300 of the 1,600 prisoners loaded on the 1st ship made it to Japan. When Rosen arrived in Japan, his weight had dropped from 155 to 88 lbs.

Of the 12,000 US PoW at Bataan, only 4,000 were alive by the end of war. After 66 years, the survivours of Bataan Death March still struggles for their justice.

For 3-1/4 years, Melvin Routt toiled in coal mines. His weight dropped from 163 pounds to 83. Like millions in Asia, Routt and Jennings were U.S. PoW victims of the Japanese Army's wartime brutality. They were used as slave laborers in violation of the International War Conventions.

In the Sandakan Death March, 2,400 Australian and British PoWs in Borneo were force to march to Ranau, 250 km away through the jungle in 3 separate marches.

On 28 Jan. 1945, 470 prisoners set off, with only 313 arriving in Ranau. On the 2nd march, 570 started from Sandakan, but only 118 reached Ranau. The 3rd march comprised 537 prisoners. The march route was through virgin jungle infested with crocodiles, snakes and wild pigs, and some of the prisoners had no boots. Rations were less than minimal. The march took nearly a year to complete.

At the time of the Japanese surrender on 15 Aug. 1945, only 6 Australians of the 2,400 PoWs had survived the horrors of the Sandakan war camp and the Sandakan Death Marches.. They survived because they were able to escape from the camp at Ranau, or escaped during the march from Sandakan. No British PoWs survived.

The mines at Kinkaseki, near town of Chinguashi, Taiwan, boasted the largest copper output in Japanese empire. But the Conditions at Kinkaseki were worse than any of Taiwan's other 15 PoW camps. The PoWs were forced to march daily up and over a high ridge to the mine entrance - the Hellhole of Kinkaseki.

The PoWs were forced to work in unstable shafts amid temperatures that reached as high as 55 degrees C (130 F). The torture, degradation and slow starvation became worse as the war continued, is best described by Kinkaseki inmate Jack Edwards, doggedly unapologetic about his book's title " Banzai You Bastards ! ". The Japanese version is titled " Drop Dead, Jap Bastards ! "

200,000 Asian Slaves from India, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Burma and Thailand, and 60,000 PoWs were forced to construct the infamous 415 km Death Railway - Thai-Burma Railway, as supply line for the Japanese army to fight British India, which was made infamous by the movie - Bridge on the River Kwai. About 100,000 Asian Slaves and 16,000 PoWs died described by Cameron Forbes in his book Hellfire as if was " built on the Bones of the Dead", i.e. 300 death for every km.

The PoWs and Slaves were forced to build the railway between its garrisons in Thailand and Myanmar (Burma) through some of the world's most inhospitable, disease-ridden terrain with virtually no medicine, fed rotting rice with occasional bits of maggot-ridden meat and beaten by sadistic guards with nicknames like Dr. Death and The Maggot. Japanese engineers suggested that it would take at least 5 years to build, but the Japanese army forced the prisoners to complete it in only 16 months. The Japanese started a "speedo" campaign, already intolerable working hours were pushed to 18 hours a day.

The greatest display of Japanese brutality during the 14 months of the railway's construction came at Hellfire Pass, where PoWs had to cut through 533 meters of sheer rock to a depth of up to 20 meters with only primitive tools during torrential monsoon rains.

"It was like a scene out of Dante's Inferno," wrote one PoW, Hugh Clarke, in an image which gave the pass its name. Working at night under oil lamps and fires, the PoWs seemed to be laboring in the jaws of Hell.

Takashi Nagase was a military interpreter for the dreaded Japanese Kempeitai in the prison camp of the Railway. Nagase wants to redeem by Building Bridges Over Hate. He wants the Railway of Death to be designated a World Heritage Site to remind Japanese of their past brutalities.

Another movie Return from the River Kwai, made in 1988, has never been released in North American markets. Its producer Kurt Unger sued Japanese Sony Corporation and seeking $15 million in damage for blocking release the movie.

It tells the story of allied PoW being shipped from Thailand to Japan to work as slave laborers in coal mines. The ships were called "Hell Ships" by the PoW and some of these hell ships including Arisan Maru and Rakuyo Maru were torpedoed and sunk by US submarines with heavy loss of life because the Japanese refused to mark the ships to allow allied forces to distinguish them from combatant and combat support vessels.

Japanese distributor of movie "The Last Emperor" also intentionally edited out the documentary footage of the Nanjing Massacre that Bernardo Bertolucci had pointedly put into his film.

Another 1,400 U.S. PoWs were shipped to Manchuria, where PoWs said they were used as human guinea pig or "logs" by the infamous Japanese medical Unit 731 & Unit 100.

An official report in 1944 compiled from the sworn statements of PoWs who survived the starvation and torture and escaped. "Their sworn statements included no hearsay whatever, but only facts which the officers related from their own personal experience and observations," said the official report. The statements had also been verified from other sources. Atrocities by Japs: Deliberate Starvation, Torture, Death.

Farmer John Hall, 87, a former private with the 2/19th battalion, recalls: "We did 12-hour shifts and never saw daylight except a couple of days off a month. We had 1 1/2 cups of rice a day and uncooked leaves as greens, and were beaten and bashed all the time."

Former ambulance corporal Mick Kildey, 85, would like to tell Japan's current foreign minister, Taro Aso, who himself ran Aso Mining Co. from 1973-79, has never acknowledged his family company's illicit employment of thousands Slaves and PoWs, "We were beaten half to death, starved and covered with vermin you could never get rid of. How we never had enough to eat, not enough clothes to keep warm, sent down to dangerous pit levels the Japanese would not go."

In 2005, one of Japan’s most prominent magazines, Bungei Shunju, published an article arguing not only that the Bataan Death March was less severe than reported but also that the testimony of the survivors was "gathered based upon the assumption that an atrocity of the Death March did take place." Remarkably, members of Japan's Parliament plan to introduce a bill to provide back pay and pensions for Korean and other non-Japanese camp guards who had been convicted as war criminals for abusing Allied PoW's.

Japan's current Foreign Minister Taro Aso is refusing to confirm that POWs dug coal for his own family's Aso Mining firm — even challenging reporters to produce evidence. Evidences are as following :

On Aug. 19, 1945, the Imperial Japanese government's Committee to Negotiate Surrender delivered to U.S. Army Gen. Douglas MacArthur by hand in Manila, a list of prison camps in Japan and the names of private companies using Allied POWs. The Fukuoka section of the document shows the Camp 26 workforce was assigned to Aso's Yoshikuma colliery. This POW camp list can be found today in the MacArthur Memorial Archives in Virginia (Record Group 4, Box 23).

On Jan. 24, 1946, Aso Mining submitted a 16-page report detailing conditions at Yoshikuma to the Japanese government's POW Information Bureau, using company stationery and attaching an English translation. Ordered by Occupation authorities investigating war crimes against POWs, the company report claims the Westerners were fed, clothed and housed better than Aso's Japanese workers and Korean labor conscripts. The Aso report includes the company's Feb. 22, 1945, letter to the Japan War Ministry requesting use of 300 Allied prisoners for one year. Camp 26 opened on May 10.

These records produced by Aso Mining can be viewed in Maryland at the U.S. National Archives (Record Group 331, Box 927). The U.S. National Archives also retain the comprehensive Camp Management Report, compiled by the Japan POW Information Bureau and submitted to American military investigators in Tokyo on June 7, 1946. It confirms the "Aso Mining Industry Company" utilized 150 of the healthiest Camp 26 prisoners in the Yoshikuma coal pits.

The company even reported that prisoners could "take a rest in the recreation room," Also claims that, soon after Japan's surrender, prisoners thanked Aso officials for their kind treatment by giving them gifts.

A copy of the "Roster of Deceased Allied POWs in Japan Proper" resides at the National Diet Library in Tokyo. The roster records the names of the 2 Australian soldiers who died at Aso Yoshikuma: John Watson and Leslie Edgar George Wilkie. It is accessible online at the Web site of the POW Research Network Japan, run by Japanese citizens working to clarify the historical record.

Another U.S. government document in the National Diet Library is Report No. 174, issued by the Investigation Division of GHQ's Legal Section on Feb. 1, 1946. It summarizes a two-day inspection of the Camp 26 site, referring to the statement of an Aso company official as "Exhibit One." It also lists the names and ranks of Imperial Japanese Army personnel who guarded the POWs when they were not in Aso Mining's custody.

A 1982 book published by Japan's National Defense Academy also states that the camp's prisoners worked for Aso Mining. Arthur Gigger said Japan should stop denying the reality of forced labor at Aso Mining. "I know it happened," he said. "I was there."

Near the end of the war, Japan issued the infamous "Kill Order" to its war camp commanders to kill all the remaining prisoners leaving no trace. Many believe that the Atomic Bombs and no other reasons that had saved the lives of all allied PoWs.

While many people around the world were horrified by the Atomic Bombs, many were overjoyed. A man from West Australia, writing in a guest book at the science museum at the Los Alamos National Laboratory :

"My mother, sister and I were in a PoW camp in Java (Djakarta) when the first bomb went off. As a reprisal, the Japanese were going to place all the camp residents in barges and sink them in the Java Sea. The 2nd bomb saved our lives -- and all those innocent women and children held in PoW camps all over Java and Sumatra and no doubt elsewhere.

I am grateful."

Frank James, now living in Redwood City, was shipped to Shenyang (Mukden) in Manchuria as a PoW in November 1942. The Japanese medical personnel wearing masks, sprayed liquid into their faces and gave them injection, took frequent blood samples and released fleas in the warehouse where the prisoners slept.

When he returned to the United States in 1945, the U.S. Army made him sign a document swearing never to discuss his 731 experiences in the camps. For 40 years, he didn't breathe a word.

In 1976, Nippon TV briefly stirred up public attention with documentary movie "The Horror of Unit 731".

In Nov. 1976 Yoshinaga Haruko, producer of TV documentary after years research: "A Bruise - Terror of the 731 Corps." became convinced that American PoWs were also used as logs.

In 1981s, Morimura Seiichi, author of best-seller novel "The Devil's Gluttony" and later followed by The Devil's Gluttony - A Sequel in 1983 included assertion that Allies PoWs were used as guinea pigs; also "The Germ Warfare Unit That disappeared" by Keiichi Tuneishi drew some public attention.

In Oct. 1981, it was John W. Powell's article in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists - " Japan's Biological Weapons: 1930-1945, A Hidden Chapter in History" brought much wider public attention and pressured US congress to hold a hearing from PoWs in 1982 and 1986.

Frank James and Gregory Rodriquez Jr. testified to Congress in 1986. However, the hearing lasted only half a day. No report was issued and no investigation was ordered.

On Aug. 13, 1985, British Independent Televison broadcast a documentary "Unit 731 - Did the Emperor Know ? ". It was producted by Peter Williams and David Wallace after years research, hinted broadly that Emperor Hirohito was aware of the human experiments. There was also an interview with retired Lt. Col. Murray Sanders, the first US investigator into Unit 731. Sanders claimed that Gen. Douglas MacArthur authorized him to make a deal with the Japanese if they cooperated with US Biological Warfare scientists.

The producers even sent a copy of the documentary film to the Japanese officials in London.

Murray Sanders was also interviewed by NBC Dateline "Factory of Death: Unit 731" on Aug. 15, 1995 said "It was a mistake for the criminal Japanese to have been pardoned."

US PoW Art Campbell described in the same TV program "Factory of Death: Unit 731" that he was being frozen for 24 hours and then taken to a hot room to be thawed out just like the Unit 731's Frost Bite experiment: "They froze until I was unconscious....." " I could not describe how much it hurt. It hurt so much that I begged the Japs to kill me."

Since 1999, about 60 Japanese companies including Mitsubishi and Mitsui, have been sued in U.S. court by former Slave PoWs seeking unpaid wages and compensation. Despite playing a central role in redress activities targeting Germany, instead of supporting U.S. PoWs, the U.S. government supported Japanese government and companies by filing an amicus brief arguing that the Peace Treaty had indeed waived all claims including individual claims of former PoWs. Therefore, after the dismissal of all the cases, Japanese companies and the Japanese government refused to take any actions comparable to those taken by the Germans.

However, the Secret Agreement made between Japan and Netherlands explicitly not waiving individual rights of Dutch citizens to make claims against Japan. Under the Article 26 of the Peace Treaty, any benefit granted to one signatory is automatically extended to all. Therefore, PoWs are still demanding Japan for compensation.

Unfortunately, After the bombing of 9/11, U.S. government is more determined to keep Japan for its War against Terrorism and has blocked all efforts of the slaved PoWs' demand for Japanese reparations.

Linda Goetz Holmes, author of Unjust Enrichment: How Japan's companies built postwar fortunes using American PoWs, has documented that PoW relief funds sent to Japan in 1944 by the British and U.S. were held by the Japanese government and later donated to the International Committee of the Red Cross. She writes, "The final irony is that Japan, with the consent of the Allies, was allowed to use relief money contributed by its wartime enemies, rather than funds from its own treasury, to settle some of its postwar claims".

In May 2004, The Japanese Fukuoka High Court rejected Chinese Slave's case saying it was filed too late. However, the court ruled that :

"The joint illegal conduct by the Japanese government and company, the "malicious destruction of evidence", the government’s false statements to the Diet and the Slave-like forced labor was an outrageous transgression of human dignity".

Chinese lawyer Kang Jian, who worked closely with Japanese lawyers for the Slaves regularly testifies, told the Japanese judges:

This is about "Whether Japan is a civilized society or a barbaric one, and about whether the Japanese legal system upholds human rights or denies them."

It is a litmus test for "Whether Japan is a country that maintains peace and respects human rights or a country that endorses War and ignores human rights."

During the lawsuits of Japanese detained in Siberia and that of Atomic Bomb victims, the Japanese government has consistently expressed that what was abandoned in the San Francisco Peace Treaty by Japan was not the individual's right to claim, but only the right to claim by the Japanese government on behalf of the individual from another nation (the right of diplomatic protection). Ironically, in the lawsuits with Chinese as the plaintiffs, the Japanese government then offered a totally different interpretation when dealing with Japan's own war responsibility. The Japanese government has effectively forfeited its own credibility.

In 1995, China’s foreign minister stated that the Joint Communique waived only the Chinese government’s reparations claims against the Japanese government, while leaving the claim rights of private Chinese citizens intact.

It was based on this understanding that the 1st and 2nd instance rulings by District Courts or High Courts in Tokyo, Fukuoka, Niigata, Hiroshima etc. did not support the Japanese government's position of "the abandonment of the Chinese victims' right to claim".

The Chinese government has recently allowed families of former Slave laborers to form a support group for redress activities, and permitted establishment of the Non-Governmental Fund to Support Lawsuits by Victims of the Japanese Army’s War of Invasion. And would soon allow former Slave laborers to sue Japanese corporations in Chinese courts.

So far, no Slave reparations is materialized, but a partial healing has occurred. Due to the considerable media coverage of the Slave lawsuits, memorials and solemn commemorations have been held at some of the former Slave sites in Japan.

"The War "Should Be Taught" in schools, and NOT just Pearl Harbor ," said Routt, the ex-PoW in Tracy.

"Kids growing up have absolutely NO knowledge of what War is Really like."

It was a Total War - War Without Mercy Against Humanity.

This war crime denial is definitely the worst war crime denial against Humanity committed by a country in our modern History. As called by the Japanese right-wings, it is the Japanese "Biggest Lie of the 20th Century".

Regardless what the actual death toll of the Nanjing Massacre was, the fact that Japan had engaged in wanton Massacre and reckless Rapes remains the same.

The following University classroom exercise helps fully understanding how the Asian victims feel about the Japan's denial :

1st Atomic Bomb -- " Aug 6, 1945 : Hiroshima."
2nd Atomic Bomb -- " Aug 9, 1945 : Nagasaki."

I wrote on the whiteboard in large letters.

Then I crossed them out, and placed with big red XX.

"Not True ! " I declared. "The Atomic Bombings never happened ! A total fabrication ! "

My university students were dumbstruck.

We stared at each other in silence for a long time.

"All right. Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed," I conceded,
"But only Conventional Bombs were used ! Only a few hundred people were killed ! "

The university students were again dumbstruck.

We stared at each other in another uncomfortable long silence.

Only after I admitted that it was a ruse. All students seemed to collectively exhale in relief.

The actual Nanjing death toll could be debated, but the factual crime of Nanjing Massacre and Rape must be acknowledged by everyone in the debate.

"We have to be aware that the atrocities are not just about people being killed." said Daqing Yang of George Washington University, "It also includes rape, looting, destruction of property..... I think it is more important to understand the whole picture of the Atrocity."

Many Japanese have tried very hard to deny the Nanjing Massacre by turning the debate into a numbers game. To them, it seems that by diminishing the number of death would diminish the extreme brutality of crimes committed.

Ivan Hall has pointed out that, "For them it was all a numbers game, as if getting the dead down from 300,000 to 30,000 really mattered much when the greater moral horror lay in the nature of those wanton, face-to-face killings of unarmed individuals that went on for weeks without any Japanese in authority seeking to stop it."

Unfortunately, the truth is that a precise figure can never be known.

The international community estimated that approx. 200,000 - 300,000 Chinese were killed, and 20,000 - 100,000 women were raped within 2 - 3 months of continuous Rape and Massacre.

After the war, the International Military Tribunal of the Far East (IMTFE), ran from 1946-48, and had 11 judges from 11 countries who heard testimony from 419 witnesses and 779 written testimonies in 818 open hearings on Japan's World War II activities.

The Tribunal court exhibit estimated approx. " 260,000 were slaughtered " (Source: Document no. 1702, box 134, IMTFE records, court exhibits, 1948). The tribunal ruled " total number of the civilians and prisoners of war murdered in Nanking and its vicinity during the first 6 weeks of the Japanese occupation was over 200,000. "

Note - the number does NOT include huge number of bodies burned, dumped or buried by the Japanese Army.

In 1946, the chief prosecutor of the Nanjing District Court concluded that 260,000 Chinese had died from the massacre, while a summary report prepared by the head procurator of the same district court placed the number at more than 300,000.

On Jan. 17, 1938 during the first month of massacre when the killing was far from over, a cable message by British reporter Harold Timperley for the Manchester Guardian, "I investigated reported atrocities committed by Japanese army in Nanjing and elsewhere. Verbal accounts (of) reliable eye-witnesses and letters from individuals whose credibility (is) beyond question afford convincing proof ..... (Not) less than three hundred thousand Chinese civilians slaughtered .... ".

At the Nanking War Crimes Tribunal, Japanese Lieutenant General Tani Hisao, the commander of the 6th Division, estimated more than 300,000 victims were massacred.

Hora Tomio, Japanese Professor of History at Waseda University, had investigated the atrocities. His research had shown the same conclusion in his books "The Nanjing incident" and "The great Nanjing massacre".

Another Japanese Honda Katsuichi, a prize winning journalist, also reached the similar conclusion in his publication "The road to Nanjing", "The great Nanjing massacre" and The Nanjing Massacre: A Japanese Journalist Confronts Japan's National Shame.

Japanese Historian Kasahara Tokushi at Tsuru University and author of "The Nanjing Incident" concluded that approx. 200,000 people were massacred in the "Nanjing Special Municipality" area.

Fujiwara Akira, a Professor emeritus at Hitotsubashi University and author of "The Japanese Army in Nanjing" reached a similar conclusion that " nearly 200,000 or even more soldiers and civilians " were slaughtered in the "Nanjing Special Municipality" area.

Many other historians, such as Yoshida Yutaka at the Hitotsubashi University, author of "The Whole Picture of the Nanjing Incident Obliges Us to Recognize the History" and Joshua Fogel at the University of California, in his "Correspondence: How Bad Was the Nanjing Massacre ?", also embrace their research conclusion.

Various different Death Toll figures come up by researchers are simply due to their different definitions used for the time duration ("2" or "3" months) of the massacre and different city boundaries of Nanjing area ("Nanjing walled city" or "Nanjing Special Municipality") in their estimations.

Japanese journalist Masato Kajimoto, in his thesis "The Nanking Atrocities", concluded that

"It is safe to say that today the majority of historians estimate the death toll of the Nanking Atorcities in the range between 200,000 - 300,000 as claimed by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East (IMTFE) or the Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal."

Note - the number does NOT include huge number of bodies burned, dumped or buried by the Japanese Army.

The war diary by Paul Scharffenberg, a German diplomat in Nanjing at the time reveals that "The Japanese imposed a news blackout and restricted foreign diplomats' movements in the city" to conceal their Crimes from the international community, the diary discloses.

Therefore, the Western witnesses and diaries could only record a small portion of the actual scope and magnitude of the atrocious Crimes that had been really committed by Japan in Nanjing.

If we use "3 months" as time duration for the continuous massacre , and use the larger "Nanjing Special Municipality" as the city boundary , also include the huge number of bodies burnt , dumped , buried by the Japanese Army to conceal their crimes,

The Nanjing Massacre Death Toll should be more than 300,000. In fact, it could be a conservative estimate.

For comparsion , the Battle for Manila lasted only 28 days . However , estimated 100,000 Filipine civilians were massacred by the Japanese.

James McCallum, one of the 27 Westerners who stayed in Nanjing, wrote in his Family Letter :

"Never have I heard or read of such brutality. Rape: Rape: Rape: We estimate at least 1,000 cases a night and many by day. In case of resistance or anything that seems like disapproval there is a bayonet stab or a bullet. We could write up hundreds of cases a day...."

Chinese women would try to disguise themselves as men, or old women, or don blackface to avoid being gang-raped by Japanese soldiers.

If we use the same approach for the number of Rapes, i.e.

Use "3 months" of continuous Rape , in the larger "Nanjing Special Municipality" city boundary , and add the number of girls and women Raped but were too ashame to tell , plus the huge number of girls and women Raped but were killed immediately after the Rape that has been confirmed by many former Japanese soldiers as their common practice to hide their Rape crimes ,

Actual number of girls and women Raped should be more than 100,000 instead of only 20,000. In fact, it could be a conservative estimate.

This is more civilian and PoW massacred by the Japanese than the Atomic Bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki combined (200,000 compared to Nanjing Massacre 300,000).

This is more civilian and PoW massacred or Raped in one Chinese city than the total death or Rapes of many European countries in entire war.

However, voices dismissing or greatly playing down Japan's wartime crimes are regularly heard from Japanese political, academic and media establishment.

In 1971, Japanese journalist Katsuichi Honda published a serialized articles in Asahi, Japan's 2nd largest and prestigious newspaper causing a tremendous stir in Japan. Many Japanese found it difficult to believe that any human being, let alone their own countrymen could have committed such crimes. Honda has been forced to wear disguises in public because of multiple death threats. His book "Chugoku no tabi" (A Journey to China) was published in 1972 and English version "The Nanjing Massacre: A Japanese journalist confronts Japan's National Shame" with excellent research and 40 days trip to China. He visited war memorials, interviewed survivors and documented hundreds pages of testimony.

In 1972, denier Shichihei Yamamoto published his article "Reply to Katsuichi Honda" in Shokun!, another denier Akira Suzuki published article "The Phantom of The Nanking Massacre" in the same Journal.

In 1984, Masaaki Tanaka wrote his book “Fabrication of Nanjing Massacre" which claimed that the Massacre was a myth created by the Tokyo trial and Chinese government.

In 1986, Hata Ikuhiko published his book "Nanking Incident" in which he tried to reduce the number of victims to about 40,000 and argued that killing of PoW should not be considered as Massacre.

In 1990, Shintaro Ishihara, member of the Diet and co-author of "The Japan that Can Say No", declared in the Playboy Magazine that the Nanking Massacre never occurred and it is a lie made up by the Chinese.

Feb. 1999 Nobukatsu Fujioka, a Japanese Professor of Education at Tokyo University and the chairman of the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform which aims to erase all Japan's atrocities from text book, "Comfort women were not Sex Slaves," said the professor, "They were simply prostitutes taken to war zones by private brokers." He also denied that there was no massacre in 1937 Nanjing.

Nov. 2000 Osamichi Higashinakano, a Japanese Professor of Intellectual History in Asia University and writer Toshio Matsumura Matsumura, author of "Big Doubts about the Nanking Massacre" also tried to distort the truth about the Nanking Massacre as fabrication.

Jan. 23, 2000 In the Japan's 3rd-biggest city of Osaka, a Japanese nationalist group hold a conference in the Osaka Peace Center with the theme "The Biggest Lie of the 20th Century" insisting that the 1937 Nanjing Massacre never occurred.

The same group organised a screening of the Japanese film Pride - The Fateful Moment which depicts WWII leader Hideki Tojo as a heroic warrior rather than a Class A War Criminal at the same Osaka Peace Center in 1998.

Ironically, the sole purpose of establishing the Osaka Peace Center is "NOT to forget the tremendous damage inflicted by Japan on people of China and other Asia-Pacific countries as well as people in Korea and Taiwan under colonial rule."

The Governor of Tokyo, Shintaro Ishihara has frequently called the Nanjing Massacre a lie.

Keihachiro Shimizu, a Japanese professor at a respected university who believes the Unit 731 and Nanjing Massacre never existed, said, "If Japan did not exist in Asia, China would have been divided up by Western people like Africa was. China has survived because of Japan."

Japanese cabinet ministers also frequently made similar public denying comments with some losing their posts over their statements.

In May 1994, Japanese Justice Minister and Army Chief of Staff Nagano Shigeto said the Pacific War was to liberate Asia, the Nanjing Massacre was a fabrication. He was later forced to resign.

In 1995, Japanese Education Minster Shimamura Yoshinobu frequently made statements to down play Japanese atrocities during the war.

In Jan. 1997, Seiroku Kajiyama, a LDP contender for the premiership, even claimed that "comfort women" had provided sex to Japanese troops "for money".

Many of the western missionaries' diaries and letters that elaborately depicted the scale and character of the Nanjing Massacre are all available at the Yale Divinity School Library, where Martha Smalley works as the archivist.

To the Japanese Nanjing Massacre "denying camp", Martha said, " We have never had Japanese ultra-nationalists come here and look at these records because it is very clear to anyone, looking at these records, that it occurred. You have several different people giving independent accounts and they were all documenting the same events. These could not possibly be any kind of way that they were making up what they saw. "

In mid-1980s, in order to refute the Myth of Nanjing Massacre, a campaign was initiated by the Japanese War Veterans' organization - Kaikosha. The organization asked its 18,000 former soldier members to submit information to "dis-credit" the Nanjing Massacre for its newsletter - Kaiko.

Ironically, instead of receiving usable information, the editors had received many eyewitnesses accounts confirmed that the unspeakable atrocities did indeed happen in Nanjing.

Katogawa Kotaro, one of the chief editors for the newsletter Kaiko, wrote in the concluding part of the 11 part series about the Nanjing Massacre, "No matter what the conditions of battle were, and no matter how that affected the hearts of men, such large-scale illegal killings cannot be justified. As a person relating to the Imperial Army, I can do nothing but apologize to the Chinese people. It was cruel. I am sincerely sorry."

In 1988, Ono Kenji wanted to know what had happened to the approx. 20,000 Chinese PoWs captured by Yamada Detachment of the 13th division.

For 7 years, he interviewed 200 war veterans, collected 24 wartime diaries, video taped many confessions, and collected other historical evidences.

Ono has documented his remarkable research in his publications "Imperial Army Soldiers Who Recorded the Nanjing Massacre", "Massacre or Discharge? Fate of the About 20,000 PoWs captured by Yamada Detachment", "Thirteen lies in the Nanjing Massacre Deniers' Claims".

His in-depth research has revealed how the shocking mass executions occurred near the Mufu Mountain that lasted 2 days and 2 nights. The dead corpses were quickly burnt with gasoline or dumped into the Yantze river.

An entry on Dec. 16 in one of his collected diaries, we "mowed them down by machine guns. Then we stabbed them with bayonets to our satisfaction. I probably bayoneted 30-odd hateful Chinese soldiers. Climbing up the heap of dead bodies and bayoneting them gave me a courage, which made me feel I could even vanquish ogres. I stabbed them with all my might while hearing them groan. There were some old ones and kids. I killed them all ......"

One of his video taped confessions, "The order 'to do it' came through all the way from the top ..... Those high-rankings don't know what it was like. They just order and never come to the scene ..... I don't know how they could talk about it. They haven't even seen it. We, noncommissioned officers and men, were the ones who actually carried it out ..... I wonder who on earth are those people to claim that such a miserable incident was 'fabrication' ......".

Japanese history Professor Saburo Ienaga, who became for many as the "Conscience of Japan", had launched 3 highly publicized lawsuits lasted 32 years against the Department of Education.

After the 32 years prolonged lawsuits, in conclusion, Japanese History Professor Saburo Ienaga wrote in Nanking Massacre and the School Textbook Screening Lawsuit :

"Durng World War II the Nanking Massacre was a secret strictly hidden from Japanese people. Only after the War did we come to know about what happened through news reports on the International Military Tribunal in Tokyo. I thought that we Japanese should feel ashamed because as perpetrators we didn't know anything about this major event which was very well-known among the victims and their compatriots. I therefore considered it as being necessary to mention it in the school history textbook. However, I decided not to do so as it was obvious during period of the 1970's that my entire textbook draft would have been rejected by the screening officials if I had touched on the subject."

"Later on at the beginning of the 1980's I decided that the Nanking Massacre should be mentioned and I actually wrote about it. As expected, I was requested to revise the description of the subject. This indeed became one of the major issues of the school textbook screening lawsuit. In 1993 the Tokyo High Court ruled that the government (Ministry of Education) had acted illegally when screening the description of "Nanking Massacre" in my draft textbook. The government did not appeal this High Court ruling to the Supreme (highest) Court. As a result, the High Court ruling on the illegal screening regarding the Nanking Massacre was finalized. We are now able to openly write about it in the textbooks."

"In August 1997 the Supreme Court issued the judgement that marked the conclusion of the school textbook lawsuit. Through the long process of the lawsuit, the final result is that nobody could now seriously argue that the Nanking Massacre was nothing but a fabrication."

In 1987, Azuma Shiro becomes the first former Japanese soldier to publicly admit and apologize for what he did in the Nanjing. He told his story by publishing his diaries "My Nanking Platoon" and was sued for libel. But Azuma vows to keep fighting in courts for the right to speak Truth, "I am 86 year old now, but I will fight to death like a young man, but this time is not for the Emperor but for the Justice and the History." He suffered harassment and threats from Japanese right-wings denounced him as a traitor.

When the Japanese deniers finally realize that it is impossible to deny the whole truth completely. They changed their tactics and argue that the Massacre was a fabrication because relatively few people were killed and the small number killed were not illegal under the international laws of war. Deniers also attempt to shift focus by arguing that the Massacre was no more terrible than many other atrocities committed by various nations in the 20th century.

"They say executing plain-clothes soldiers and stragglers are not massacres ..... It seems even right leaning scholars are criticizing this arbitrary interpretation of the law by the denying camp," said the Japanese historian Yoshida Yutaka at Hitotsubashi University, "The most important aspect of the historical analysis, which is, why it happened ? What drove the Japanese troops to go on the rampage in the way they did in Nanjing ?"

Many Japanese have tried very hard to deny the Massacre by turning the debate into a numbers game. To them, it seems that by diminishing the number of death would diminish the extreme brutality of crimes committed.

Ivan Hall has pointed out that, "For them it was all a numbers game, as if getting the dead down from 300,000 to 30,000 really mattered much when the greater moral horror lay in the nature of those wanton, face-to-face killings of unarmed individuals that went on for weeks without any Japanese in authority seeking to stop it."

Japan often said that Japan's aim in WWII was simply to liberate Asia from Western colonialism and also project themselves as the victims instead of atrocious perpetrators of WWII because atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, ignoring all the facts that Nanjing Massacare, infamous Unit 731, Unit 100, Unit 516, Slavery, Opium, Sex Slaves were the most horrific chapters against Humanity in the 20th century.

Japan is responsible for the death of more than 30 Million Asian during its 14 years brutal WWII invasion,

including millions of Chinese, Korean, Indonesian, Vietnamese, Filippino, Malaysia, Burma, Thailand, Singapore ..........

It was an Asian Holocaust against Humanity committed by Japan in WWII and NOT yet confessed.

This forgotten Asian Holocaust is definitely the worst case of systematic governmental Cover-up of State-Terrorism against Humanity in our Human History. By covering-up Japan's State-Terrorism and mastered many proxy wars, U.S. has become an Indirect-State-Terrorism nation. There are more than 60,000 Nazi, Austrian, Italian war criminals on US "Watch List" since 1978. In vivid contrast, currently less than 30 Japanese are on the watch list added only under public pressure in 1996 . Since 2001, a total of 48 Nazi war criminal convictions . In vivid contrast , zero for the Japanese in the past 50 years. The Human Rights of more than 30 Million Asian death are totally ignored and covered-up by U.S. to this day.

According to the released US documents in June 2006, US covered-up Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann during Cold War because of the Anti-Communist efforts in West Germany.

Similarly, a recent award winning documentary " The Ants" ["Ari no Heitai"] reveals the fact that after Japanese WWII surrender, "Japan was not disarmed after all, and the U.S. knew it. Mr. Okumura is a living witness to that". It is a story about how Waichi Okumura and other Japanese soldiers were left behind after WWII and fought the communists during the Chinese Civil War.

"The Allied powers were accomplices," said Asaho Mizushima, a law professor at Waseda University in Tokyo. "The Japanese soldiers fought the communists so the United States didn't have to send its own troops ...... [Chinese Civil] War against China was the first Japan fought after WWII. As many as 550 soldiers were the first victims ..... Japanese government, however, cannot admit it ..... At stake is not only Japan's breach of the Potsdam Declaration but a question of war-renouncing Article 9. Japan was not disarmed after all, and the U.S. knew it. Mr. Okumura is a living witness to that."

Mr. Okumura and others former soilders waged a legal battle against the Japanese government demanding military pensions. Despite the evidence he provided, the Supreme Court rejected the plaintiffs' final appeal in September. "They completely ignored it," Mr. Okumura said. "Otherwise, they would have had to admit Japan's breach of the Potsdam Declaration."

In a recent CBS show 60 Minutes, Pakistan President General Pervez Musharraf said that U.S. militarily threatened to bomb Pakistan "back to the stone age" unless it joined the fight against the Terrorism. U.S. warning was delivered by U.S. former Deputy Secretary of State Richard Armitage.

Ironically, Japanese war crimes cover-up is, in fact, a Cover-up of State-Terrorism by U.S. against Humanity -- an U.S. "With-Us or Against-Us" mockery to its own war against Terrorism. By covering-up Japan's State-Terrorism and mastered many proxy wars, U.S. has become an Indirect-State-Terrorism nation.

Of all the countries on Earth, Japan is the ONLY nation that used ALL 3 WMDs against Humanity in WWII, i.e. WMD Biological Weapons, WMD Chemical Weapons, and the addictive WMD Drugs.

Of all the countries on Earth, Japan is the ONLY nation criminally committed 2 Holocausts against Humanity, i.e. the Asian Holocaust and the International Drug Holocaust.

Unlike the Jewish Holocaust, the Internation Drug Holocaust and the Asia Holocaust, i.e. the Japanese Rape of Nanjing, WMD Biological Warfare unit 731, 100, WMD Chemical Warfare unit 516, Opium Monopoly Bureau, Sex Slaves, Slave Laborers and looting of Asia are barely mentioned in most histories of WWII and is absent from almost every textbook.

There are many reasons for the story of the Asian Holocaust has taken so long to get out :

The Cover-up is mainly due to the Cold War between U.S. and the former communist Soviet Union and China, especially after the start of Korean War in June 1950 and then the Vietnam War in 1960s.

As the Cold War deepened, U.S. desparately needed the speedy rebuilding of Japan as a constitutional monarchy that would provide an anti-Communist bulwark in Asia.

After the war, influential groups of Japanese intellectuals wanted Emperor Hirohito tried for his War Crimes, but were turned down by U.S.. In Nov 1945, even without any knowledge about the Japan's war crimes, 62 % of the Japanese wanted Hirohito to reign.

Therefore, US and Japan foisted all blame for the war onto army leaders while pretending that the emperor had done nothing wrongful because they had been "deceived" by the military. US preserved immunity for Hirohito's premises and property including all of Hirohito's official and private papers plus the papers of his military aides-de-camp that could have revealed valuable facts about his war role. MacArthur then went to extraordinary lengths to shield Hirohito from every phase of the trial, including influencing the testimony of former wartime prime minister General Tojo Hideki, who was pressured to go to his death having assumed all responsibility for the lost war. Evidences show that senior aides to Gen. Douglas MacArthur and Japanese court officials schemed to fix testimony at the Tokyo War Crimes Trials so as not to implicate Hirohito.

After the surrender, Japanese government and military moved swiftly to destroy evidence that might assist in the prosecution of any Japanese for war crimes, including Emperor Hirohito. The Imperial Army, Navy, and almost all government ministries, destroyed their incriminating files.

However, vast archive of Japanese military records that could confirm Japanese extreme war crimes, were in the hands of U.S. for 9 years after the war. In 1957, all Japanese military records were ordered to be returned to Japan. The reason given to the 1986's congress PoW hearing. John H. Hatcher, Army Record Management of US Army explained, "because the problem of language was too difficult for us to overcome.".

As the Cold War intensified, U.S. believed that the Anti-Communist aims would be difficult to achieve if the Japanese people were alienated by continuing prosecutions of their war criminals.

Therefore after the war, U.S. conducted a half-hearted show trial - The Tokyo Trial which most historians agreed was a flawed trial focused only on the maltreatment of PoW ignoring ALL other unspeakable brutalities (e.g. WMD Biological, WMD Chemical, Sex Slaves etc.) crimes committed against the Asians by the Japanese.

For the same reason, the U.S. called a abrupt halt to further war crimes prosecutions. U.S. released large number of the remaining Class-A Criminal suspects from detention. Many of these suspected war Criminals were able to move smoothly into politics, bureaucracy, and big business. Nobusuke Kishi who oversaw the Slave labor program as minister of commerce and industry during the war, was imprisoned as a Class-A War Criminal suspect and later became Japanese prime minister in 1957, and was also the founding father of the current dominated LDP Party. That is exactly why his grandson, Japanese new hawkish PM, Shinzo Abe un-apologetic over war.

At the same time, U.S. began to wind down the Class-B and Class-C trials.

Australian prosecutions of Japanese War Criminals were obstructed by lack of cooperation from the U.S. government.

U.S. was active in apprehending Nazi war criminals, denazifying German society, and collecting and protecting archives of the Nazi regime, all of which have by now been de-classified.

By contrast, from the moment of Japanese surrender, US Government sought to exonerate the Emperor Hirohito and his relatives from any responsibility for the war. US still keeps many of its archives concerned with postwar Japan highly classified.

Unlike Germany where intensive de-Nazification procedures were employed to prevent former Nazis entering parliament and the bureaucracy, instead, US allowed Japanese War Criminals to enter parliament and seek public office.

It has been estimated by the US Justice Department's Office of Special Investigations that at least several thousand Japanese criminals escaped prosecution as a result of the pre-mature termination of war crime prosecutions by the US in 1949.

Basically U.S. handed the Japanese government back in the hands of the same notorious men and war criminals who started the 14 years in-human brutal WWII in Asia.

This was equivalent to re-instating the Nazi Party in the postwar Germany by U.S..

Historians long ago concluded that the Allies turned a blind eye to many Japanese War Crimes, particularly in Asian, as fighting communism became the U.S. priority. In 2005 and 2006, newly declassified CIA records document more fully than ever how Col. Masanobu Tsuji, Yoshio Kodama, Takushiro Hattori, Hideki Tojo and other suspected Japanese war criminals were recruited by U.S. during Cold War.

According to these newly declassified files, Japanese war criminals working with former Lt. Gen. Yorashiro Kawabe, who was a military intelligence officer in China in 1938 -- to organize groups of Japanese veterans and others for underground operations. These groups consisted of former war buddies and often retained the same chains of command and militarist ideology of the war machine that committed unspeakable war crimes throughout Asia.

The U.S. association with Japanese war criminals illustrates how U.S. embraced Japanese nationalist and conservative forces after War and helping them reassert their grip on the government once the occupation ended in 1952. "When we talk about the emergence of neo-nationalism or a strong right wing in Japan today, this has very deep roots and it involves a very strong element of American support," said John Dower, historian and author of "Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II."

Hirohito, however, was at the very center of the policy-making process through every stage of war, provided continuous oversight for wars that he knew were aggressive; and he incurred steadily mounting responsibility for those aggressions. He also figured centrally in the cultural process that nurtured the actual perpetrators of war crimes.

By protecting Hirohito from prosecution as a war Criminal and basically handed the Japanese government back to the same war Criminals, U.S. laid a solid foundation for Japan not to confess, only to whitewash its war Crimes, e.g. distort History textbook, pay tribute to the Class-A War Criminals, never admit to the WMD Biological Warface etc.

Therefore, Japan systemically portray itself as Atomic Victim instead of atrocious Colonial War Criminal. Under the U.S. Cover-up, when U.S. occupation ended in 1952, the Japanese government immediately pardoned ALL its own War Criminals.

Another sinister reason for U.S. granted immunity from war crimes prosecution to the Japanese doctors of Unit 731 & Unit 100 was to exchange for their in-human data and helped covering up Japanese War Crimes so that U.S. could gain some advantages of the WMD Biological Weapon - An act utterly ignored justice and against Humanity. This was equivalent to barter Auschwitz doctor Josef Mengele's freedom and cover-up in return for the results of his horrific human experiments.

Nazi doctors were held accountable for their crimes in the famous 1947 "Nuremberg Doctors Trials", but there were NO comparable "Japanese Doctors Trial".

NGO The Sunshine Project has discovered that even today US is still actively developing Biological and Chemical Weapon. On 24 Sept. 2002 Sunshine Project provided evidence for US Military Secret Chemical Weapons Program violating international law.

U.S. government not only pardoned some of Imperial Japan's top leaders, short-circuited reparations programs, reversed the dissolution of Japanese conglomerates and also waived payment of international relief funds to American PoWs after the war.

The truth was also hampered by the great upheavals with the resuming of the Japanese interrupted Chinese Civil War, which was prolonged by U.S. involvement, lasted another 4 years. The Civil War was un-ended with the Communist took over mainland (People's Republic of China) and Nationalist forces retreated to Taiwan (Republic of China). At the same time, U.S. had tried its very best to split 2 China as separated independent countries. However, US' separation attempt failed miserably due to strong objections by both Chinese government.

Then, followed by another nearly 30 long years of various extremely irrational, self-destructive political, social, educational, cultural, demographic and economic disasters in mainland China during Mao's era who was called by many as the "Last Emperor of China".

Due to the Chinese Civil War, both Chinese government competed to consolidate their own regime at ANY cost, and was eager to flatter and win diplomatic recognition from Japan, and both need financial loans and trading partnership with Japan to rebuild war torn China. Therefore, both decided to relinquish their claim to war reparations from Japan.

The mainland Chinese government is also very fearful of this popular protest might be linked to its own Communist Party's complicity in abuse in its past and other social discontent by her people, have greatly hampered the situation.

According to the released US documents in June 2006, US covered-up Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann during Cold War because of the Anti-Communist efforts in West Germany. Exactly for the same Anti-Communist reason, today, US continues to cover-up Japanese war crimes.

A recent award winning documentary " The Ants" ["Ari no Heitai"] reveals the fact that after Japanese WWII surrender, "Japan was not disarmed after all, and the U.S. knew it. Mr. Okumura is a living witness to that". It is a story about how Waichi Okumura and other Japanese soldiers were left behind after WWII and fought the communists during the Chinese Civil War.

"The Allied powers were accomplices," said Asaho Mizushima, a law professor at Waseda University in Tokyo. "The Japanese soldiers fought the communists so the United States didn't have to send its own troops ...... [Chinese Civil] War against China was the first Japan fought after WWII. As many as 550 soldiers were the first victims ..... Japanese government, however, cannot admit it ..... At stake is not only Japan's breach of the Potsdam Declaration but a question of war-renouncing Article 9. Japan was not disarmed after all, and the U.S. knew it. Mr. Okumura is a living witness to that."

Although the Cold War had ended, the Cover-up still continues. It is now mainly due to the U.S. War, ironically, against Terrorism, and its determination for the containment and prevention of a rising communist China.

That is exactly why U.S. is keeping thundering SILENT about Japan's State-Terrorism war crimes. By covering-up Japan's State-Terrorism and mastered many proxy wars, U.S. has become an Indirect-State-Terrorism nation.

A young American lawyer, who had just returned from a trip through Asia. She was surprised to find out that when people in Thailand spoke of their memories of the great horror that swept through Asia in the past, they were referring not to China, but to Japan. Japan, in her U.S. brain-washed American mind, was always a gentle, beautiful land of peace-loving democrats. China, she thought, was always the evil scourge of Asia.

To encircle communist China, U.S. signed Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security with Japan since 1960.

For decades, Chinese government kept silence about the Nanjing Massacre because of the need for political recognition and financial aid from Japan, and unwillingness to recognize the resistance that China's Nationalist armies had put up against the Japanese. Almost all the soldiers who died in the Nationalist capital Nanjing were Nationalists. Nanjing Massacre was NOT even mentioned in Chinese textbooks until 1980's. Even in the early 1990's, Chinese historians and others were not allowed to organize any conferences about the Massacre. Despite John Rabe's heroism, he and his house in Nanjing were all but forgotten . Even the Nanjing museum on the massacre did not open until 1985 . In 2008, for the first time war museum in Shenyang to exhibit photos of Kuomintang (KMT) generals who fought in the war against the Japanese.

Therefore, without any political support, the "Un-told Holocaust" has fallen largely to the overseas Chinese war survivors and their children to tell their tales.

But for years, Asian survivors kept silent out of shame and a desire to shield their families from a painful past. "They didn't want to burden their children with this dark heritage," said historian Peter Black. Just as many Jewish Holocaust survivors were also reticent about their concentration camp experiences.

New interest in Japan's war Atrocities, but Why Now ?

Almost every Chinese family has had some kind of experience with WWII, in many cases, dead relatives. Chinese had learned from their parents or their own experiences that politics can be deadly, and it's probably best to stay away from politics. That's why it seems to be a tradition of Chinese political apathy. As the Chinese feel more comfortable in their adopted nation, their Western-born children have begun to ask questions and re-discover the Asian Holocaust.

Silence is a form of family protection. Unfortunately, the silence also protects the criminals. Enraged by the Japan's denial, survivals now start Breaking the Silence.

As the numbers and affluence of Asian in the Asia countries and N.America have grown, so has the desire to document the Asian Holocaust, commemorate its victims and excoriate Japanese war criminals.

"My father's generation passed on its legacy silently," Kwan said. "Unlike the Jews, who came together and forcefully announced what occurred, the Asians have tried to brush it aside and say it's OK. But it's NOT OK."

"The new generation is made up of people who grew up in the U.S., are curious about their roots, and possess the English language skills and connections to conduct effective political campaigns," Chang said. It parallels to the 80s and '90s which led to a surge of interest in Jewish Holocaust studies.

Shielded by the U.S., the "Japan's refusal to face up to its War Crimes keeps this alive," said William C. Kirby, chairman of the History department at Harvard University.

For U.S., China is the only country that has high potential to threaten U.S. global dominance in the 21st century.

Rise of China is one of the greatest events in economic History.

China was a drugged sleeping giant, Napoleon once said, "Let her sleep, for when she wakes she will shake the World !".

In 2005, the UN's World Food WFP's 26-year program of food aid to China officially ended. The final UN shipment of food to China was delivered in Apr. WFP executive director James Morris said, "China, having graduated from aid recipient to donor, should now share its success with the rest of the world.... It's truly one of mankind's great accomplishments over the last 100 years." In the same year, China emerged as the world’s 3rd largest food aid donor.

In fact, more accurately, it is NOT really about China's rise , but rather China's restoration from the ashes of the International Drug Holocaust and the Asian Holocaust set afire by the Axis of Evil of Colonial Terrorism , and the self-destruction by Mao . China is now rising again , like a reborn phoenix , back to its long traditional and historical position of global influence, its culture, power and role in the world and to remind others of its amazing achievements over thousands of years.

For Japan, China undermines Tokyo as the leading power in the region. To cope with this "China Threat", Tokyo is adopting a more muscular military posture, one that causes alarm to its WWII victimized neighbors.

According to the initial official draft of U.S. Defense Planning Guidance leaked to the press in early 1992, the primary aim of U.S. strategy would be to bar the rise of any competing superpower. A pool of potential rivals has now been narrowed to just one: China. The 2006 Quadrennial Defense Report states explicitly that "of the major and emerging powers, China has the greatest potential to compete militarily with the United States".

Faced with China's rising power, the U.S. and Japan are reinforcing bilateral security relations by changing Japan's pacifistic military posture to prevent China from emerging as the global and regional superpower, politically, economically and militarily, in the coming decades.

In 2005, for the first time the joint US-Japanese defense policy statement named China as a "Security Threat". 2 months after, Japan explicitly agreed with US that Taiwan Strait was a "common strategic concern" of US and Japan. Then, Japan announced the Japanese Coast Guard would officially take control of the disputed Diaoyutai/Senkaku Islands. Japan is also discussing with US on building enhanced US command and control base facilities in Japan and cooperation on missile defense as well as force deployment. U.S. hawks now refer to Japan as the "Britain of the Far East".

So desperate to contain China, U.S. even broke its own golden rule and suddenly signed a nuclear pact with India who has long refused to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). The pact opens a Pandora’s box of nuclear proliferation and condemned by Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter as "A Dangerous Nuclear Deal With India".

Japan's habit of inventing itself via ideas borrowed from other cultures has often left itself floundering for national direction. Since WWII, Japan has failed to discover its place in the world, instead allowing in "an infantile dependency on the U.S."

Since the end of the Cold War in 1991, U.S. has repeatedly pressured Japan to revise Article 9 of its constitution. In fact, U.S. has been doing everything in its power to encourage and even accelerate Japanese rearmament.

However, just in the opposite, on Apr. 30, 2005 the leaders of China's Communist Party and of Taiwan's opposition Nationalist Party, the 2 sides that fought China's Civil War, formally ended 6 decades of hostility with a nationally televised historic handshake and pledged to work together to undermine Taiwan's Independence movement which is compared by many to the independence of South Carolina's secession that kicked off U.S. own American Civil War of Secession.

The meeting is the first between the leaders of the two parties in 60 years; the last was in the wartime redoubt of Chongqing, when Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong made a final, failed bid to reach a cease-fire.

"The parties reached a common understanding on upholding the '92 consensus, opposing Taiwanese Independence and striving for peace and stability in the Taiwan Sea," said in a joint communiqué.

Lien said his 8-day visit had unleashed a process of engagement that holds out the promise of peace, stability and increased trade.

China hosts a 2nd Taiwan opposition party head.

Interestingly, a survey of global opinion in 2005 by the Pew Research Centre, an American think tank, China has a better public image than U.S. in almost all 16 countries in Britain, France, Poland, Turkey, Russia, Indonesia etc.

Under the Cover-up of State-Terrorism by US against Humanity, Japanese government with its economic power, is able to wage a sophisticated propaganda after the WWII :

Japan portrayed itself as an Atomic Victim rather than a colonial Atrocious War Criminal.

Ian Buruma, author of "The Wages of Guilt" resents the Japan's transformation of Hiroshima into a mecca of "Japanese Victim-hood". Many of Japanese attitudes towards the atomic bomb on Hiroshima are so extreme as to be ludicrous. He dismisses them and wrote: " Again, such opinions are extreme. But, judging from what appears in Japanese periodicals and on best-seller lists, not that far from the mainstream".

There are more than 900 ultra nationalist groups in Japan. They are well organised and well connected with ties to the ruling LDP. Unlike in German where the ultra nationalists basically are out of the mainstream political debate. In Japan, they are part of the mainstream.

Rightist threats raise fears in Japan. "Speech and journalism in this country are facing an extremely difficult situation," Masato Kitamura, chairman of the Japan Newspaper Publishers & Editors Association, told the group's annual meeting recently. Japan's estimated 10,000 ultra-rightists, have become increasingly violent in recent years, the National Police Agency said in its annual report last year. When ruling party lawmaker Koichi Kato criticized a prime minister's trip to Yasukuni Shrine, retribution from Japan's right-wing was swift: An extremist set his house on fire. "Many people are now keeping their months shut. Parliament is not an exception." said Kato.

Documents translated from the 731's original reports can be found at the US Army's Dugway Proving Ground in Utah using the Freedom of Information Act.

In 1946, after knowing the unit 731 & unit 100, Russian immediately sent a request through the International Bureau of Investigation to prosecute Ishii Shiro 731's commander and all related personnel, but the request was dismissed by U.S. government as a communist propaganda.

In response, on Dec. 25, 1949, Josef Stalin ordered the Khabarovsk Trial.

Vladislav Bogach, author of a book about the trial "Outlaw Weapon", wrote "experts proved that in one cycle, up to 300 kg of plague bacteria, 800-900 kg of typhoid and about a ton of cholera were produced. In one unit, there were 13,000 rats ... The output of incubators was 45 kg of infected fleas during 3-4 months."

As the trial ended, the daily Suvorovsky natisk expressed its anger,

"These are not humans the military court is trying; they are monsters and villains, and there is no proper word in human language to characterize them ...."

"They have no sympathy ... The Japanese were robots."

However, unlike the Nuremberg Trial and Tokyo Trial, in which high-ranking German and Japanese officials were hanged or life sentenced, in Khabarovsk trials the war criminals were mostly sentenced to terms of only 20 to 25 years. Several years later, all were quietly sent back to Japan and freed in 1956.

The interrogation reports, some 18 volumes were never released.

Many Western historians have criticized Soviet for handing down such light sentences. "My guess is that the Soviet made a deal with the Japanese similar to the one completed by the Americans" Harris said.

A 137-page counterintelligence file from the National Archives which had been declassified, makes it clear that U.S. intelligence agents not only covered up war crimes against Americans, but also aggressively protected the architect of those crimes, Lt. Gen. Shiro Ishii.

"At the request of Nationalist Chinese officials who heard about "bacteriological experiments upon Chinese and Americans as human guinea pigs," the U.S. counterintelligence corps prepared a report on Ishii, the head of Unit 731, according to a July 24, 1947, memo.

The document makes it clear that a high-level U.S. intelligence officer, Col. Philip Bethune, quashed the report after informing his agents that "no information is to be released to any agent as data on subject is classified as top secret." The agent who wrote the memo, identified only by the initials WSC, also wrote that "Col. Bethune desires no further action be taken in this case. No further action was taken."

Months later, on April 15, 1948, it was noted for the record that "It is of a highly sensitive nature, and that every precaution must be taken to maintain its secrecy."

A report dated April 18, 1947 from the legal section of Gen. MacArthur's headquarters, specifying that the Unit 731 investigation was "under direct Joint Chiefs of Staff order." "Every step, interrogation, or contact must be coordinated with this section," said the report by Lt. Neal R. Smith of Report of Investigation Division, Legal Section, " The utmost secrecy is essential in order to protect the interests of the United States and to guard against embarrassment."

Some of the reports were labeled "Commander in Chief" that leaves little doubt that US President Truman was informed of the events. President Truman also withdrew the 1925 Geneva Protocol outlawing Chemical and Biological Weapons from Senate ratification of protocol in 1947.

A separate inquiries were made by the International Prosecution Section (IPS). Its lawyers gathered evidence including detailed statements from defecting Japanese bio-scientists from Pingfan. The latter testified to human live vivisection, the dumping of lethal germs in Chinese water supplies and food stores, as well as aerial spraying. Yet all was silenced even though the information went to the top. IPS documents stamped "to be read by the Commander-in-Chief U.S. forces" were sent to President Harry Truman in 1947.

Vast archive of Japanese military records that could confirm Japanese extreme war crimes, were in the hands of U.S. for 9 years after the war. The documents, first screened by the CIA, include hundreds of thousands of pages of War Ministry records from 1868 to 1942, Naval Ministry records from 1868 to 1939 and operational records of many units throughout the war including Unit 731. In 1948 the CIA turned over the records to the National Archives, with no indication of what, if anything, had been removed.

In 1957, all Japanese military records were ordered to be returned to Japan.

Concerned over the potential loss, a group of scholars including Edwin O. Reischauer of Harvard University and John Young of Georgetown University, obtained a Ford Foundation grant to hurriedly microfilm what they could. In February 1958, after about 5 % of the records were copied, Young recalled in an interview, the documents were sent to Baltimore and loaded aboard a ship for Japan. "There was no way we could read them all," said Young, who deplored the loss.

Young, who assisted Allied war crimes investigators in China after the war, compiled a 144-page index to the pages that were microfilmed. A microfilm set was presented to the National Diet Library in Tokyo, "An irony, Young said, considering that Japan has now closed off the collection. "I can tell you frankly, the militarists felt relieved," Young said. "As a historian I couldn't stand it."

This issue was also raised in the 1986's congress PoW hearing. John H. Hatcher, Army Record Management of US Army explained, "because the problem of language was too difficult for us to overcome", therefore all records were returned to Japan.

Subcommittee member Solomon was stunned, "to say that didn't have the expertise in this country to translate those records is almost incomprehensible." It clearly indicated that the subcommittee members believed that there was a Cover-up.

It was until Dec. 3, 1996, U.S. Justice Department's Office of Special Investigations (OSI) which has focused almost exclusively on Nazi war criminals despite its mandate to pursue BOTH Nazis and their allies, finally took its FIRST STEP toward redressing this imbalance by adding the FIRST 16 Japanese war criminal names on the "Watch List" (Holtzman Amendment) since it was legislated in 1978 for denying more than 60,000 Nazi German, Austrian, and Italian war criminals entry to U.S.

However, Japan is blocking probe of War Criminals and refused to cooperate with the Justice Department to put the names of several hundred surviving criminals on the Watch List.

"Japan is the ONLY country in the world from whom we seek assistance that does not provide it." said Eli M. Rosenbaum, director of the Justice Department's office of Special Investigations. Rosenbaum said his office has been able to identify less than 30 Japanese suspects compare to 60,000 Nazi, Austrian, and Italian war criminals on the "Watch List"

"After the war, they were not punished, so why is the U.S. government dealing with this problem now ?" said Masao Okonogi, professor of political science at Keio University in Tokyo.

"This seems to me remarkably hypocritical. At the end of WWII, the U.S. occupying force was aware of the information about Unit 731 but deliberately exonerated the men in return for their agreement to be debriefed on the findings of their atrocious experiments. We agreed to Cover-up their crimes." said John Dower, MIT professor and specialist on modern Japanese history and US relations.

In the San Francisco Peace Treaty (SFPT) process, the interests of Asian people and countries brutally victimized by the Japanese Imperial Army were mostly ignored.

This Treaty had caused much controversial from the very beginning. After 54 years, the Treaty still remains very much controversial today.

Despite the protests by Asian countries most affected by the Japanese aggression, U.S. did NOT even invite China (both mainland-People's Republic of China and Taiwan-Republic of China) and Korea (both North and South).

Soviet Union, India and Burma refused to participate. 3 signatories from Asia (Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos) were actually representatives of the French colonial regime.

Only 4 Asian countries signed the treaty. Of these 4, Indonesia signed the treaty but never ratified it. The Philippine reserved its signatures and did not ratify the treaty. So in fact, the ONLY Asian countries that supported the SFPT were Pakistan and Ceylon, both colonies of Britain up till that time.

Furthermore, U.S. feared that Dutch's refusal of signing the San Francisco Peace Treaty might lead the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand to drop out as well, so on the day before and the morning of the treaty signing ceremony, U.S. principal negotiator, John Foster Dulles, orchestrated a " Secret Deal " with exchange of confidential letters between the minister of foreign affairs of the Netherlands, Dirk Stikker, and Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida.

Yoshida pledged that "the Government of Japan does not consider that the Government of the Netherlands by signing the Treaty has itself expropriated the private claims of its nationals so that, as a consequence thereof, after the Treaty comes into force these claims would be non-existent."

The deal and letters had to be kept secret because Article 26 of the Treaty states that, "should Japan make a peace settlement or war claims settlement with any State granting that State greater advantages than those provided by the present Treaty, those same advantages shall be extended to the parties to the present Treaty."

In 1956, the Dutch did successfully pursue a claim against Japan on behalf of private citizens. Japan paid $10 million as a way of "expressing sympathy and regret." A year before, the British noted two other instances in which governments had made deals with Japan for reparations: a settlement with Burma that provided reparations, services and investments amounting, over 10 years, to $250 million; and an agreement with Switzerland that provided "compensation for maltreatment, personal injury and loss arising from acts illegal under the rules of war."

The letters were finally declassified in April 2000, by which time most potential claimants were probably all dead.

With the " Secret Deal " and by withholding documents, the U.S. has significantly contributed and played a major role in Japan's historical amnesia.

Japan subsequently signed treaties with other States, including the war claims settlements.

Both U.S. and Japan purposely ignored without honoring the provision of Article 26 and continues to deny its bounded responsibility to compensate its wartime victims to this day.

For details, refer to San Francisco Peace Treaty: Has Justice Been Served and Peace Secured ? , and A Just Peace ? The 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty in Historical Perspective.

"Those of us who really believe in human rights believe that justice has not been achieved by the San Francisco Peace Treaty," said Lillian Sing, a San Francisco Superior Court judge.

"Japan's historical amnesia is a result of collusion between the U.S. and Japan," said Mark Selden, a history professor at the State University of New York, "That collusion reached its height in the San Francisco Treaty of 1951." because the treaty becomes an obstacle to a full reckoning of the suffering Japan inflicted on other Asians and on American PoW.

Peace Treaty locked Japan into a flawed Present.

John Dower in his recent book, Embracing Defeat: "One of the most pernicious aspects of the occupation was that the Asian peoples who had suffered most from imperial Japan's depredations -- the Chinese, Koreans, Indonesians, and Filipinos had no serious role, no influential presence at all in the defeated land. They became invisible. Asian contributions to defeating the emperor's soldiers and sailors were displaced by an all-consuming focus on the American victory in the Pacific War".

San Fransisco Peace Treaty is therefore an un-precedented BIG Sell-Out of all countries in Asia and Allied PoWs by U.S.

In Oct. 1999, in a Letter to Senator Dianne Feinstein for the Bill S.9102 , i.e. the Disclosure Act of Japanese War Crime Documents, History Professor Sheldon H. Harris of California State University emphatically stated in his letter that :

The ""sensitive" documents as defined by archivists and FOIA officers are at the moment being destroyed...... Three examples of this wanton destruction......" by U.S.

1. "In 1991, the Librarian at Dugway Proving Grounds, Dugway, Utah, denied me access to the archives at the facility. It was only through the intervention of then U.S. Representative Wayne Owens, Dem., Utah, that I was given permission to visit the facility. I was not shown all the holdings relating to Japanese medical experiments, but the little I was permitted to examine revealed a great deal of information about medical war crimes. Sometimes after my visit, a person with intimate knowledge of Dugway's operations, informed me that "sensitive" documents were destroyed there as a direct result of my research in their library."

2. "I conducted much of my American research at Fort Detrick in Frederick, Md. The Public Information Officer there was extremely helpful to me. Two weeks ago I telephoned Detrick, was informed that the PIO had retired last May. I spoke with the new PIO, who told me that Detrick no longer would discuss past research activities, but would disclose information only on current projects. Later that day I telephoned the retired PIO at his home. He informed me that upon retiring he was told to "get rid of that stuff", meaning incriminating documents relating to Japanese medical war crimes. Detrick no longer is a viable research center for historians."

3. "Within the past 2 weeks, I was informed that the Pentagon, for "space reasons", decided to rid itself of all biological warfare documents in its holdings prior to 1949. The date is important, because all war crimes trials against accused Japanese war criminals were terminated by 1949. Thus, current Pentagon materials could not implicate alleged Japanese war criminals. Fortunately, a private research facility in Washington volunteered to retrieve the documents in question. This research facility now holds the documents, is currently cataloguing them (estimated completion time, at least twelve months), and is guarding the documents under "tight security".

In a Satellite Video Link Conference of Japanese War Crimes in 1998, Sheldon Harris, professor emeritus of history at California State University and author of the book, "Factories of Death: Japanese Biological Warfare 1932-45 and the American Cover-up" stressed that :

"The U.S. government is as culpable for inaction as Japan, and the Canadian, British, Dutch and Australian governments knew about it ... While the US "bears a major responsibility" for the coverup of Unit 731, the greater responsibility lies with Japanese."

Justice B.V.A Roling, the only surviving judge from the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, complained that no word about biological warfare had been offered in evidence. He wrote: "It is a bitter experience for me to be informed now that centrally ordered Japanese war criminality of the most disgusting kind was kept secret from the court by the U.S. government."

Nazi doctors were held accountable for their crimes in the famous 1947 "Nuremberg Doctors Trials", but there were NO comparable "Japanese Doctors Trial".

Christopher Reed is a journalist, living in Japan. He wrote, "On my desk are two documents previously marked Top Secret and dated July 1947. They show not only full U.S. participation in allowing the Japanese medical torturers who escaped to Tokyo to go free in exchange for information, but that the Pentagon actually paid them.

Starting from Korea, in the course of 45 years, Japanese gold hunting expert teams accompanying Japan's armed forces had systematically emptied treasuries, banks, factories, private homes, pawn shops, art galleries, and stripped ordinary people, while Japan's top gangsters looted Asia's underworld and black economy.

For 45 year, Japan systematically looted wealth of 12 Asian countries accumulated over thousands of years: currency, gold, platinum, silver, diamonds, gemstones, jewelry, cultural treasures, valuable ancient books, priceless manuscripts, religious artifacts, artworks and historic artifacts, and antiques including more than a dozen solid gold Buddhas, each weighing more than a ton.

The looting and plundering, which was far more thorough than the Nazis, became the Japanese way to finance its brutal war. In China alone, Japan looted 6,000 tonnes of gold from Chinese capital Nanjing in 1938. When the plunder was later unable to be shipped to Japan due to US submarine blockade, the treasure of Golden Lily was buried in Philippine, known as the "Yamashita's Gold", estimated US$ 500 billion-plus of wealth looted from 12 Asian countries accumulated over thousands of years.

Shocking details of the Japanese criminal enrichment could be found in the controversial book Gold Warriors: America's Secret Recovery of Yamashita's Gold, backed up by massive amounts of the author's raw research material, which is available in 2 CD-ROMs containing more than 900 megabytes of documents, interviews, maps and photographs assembled during their meticulous research for independent verification.

A Swiss court disclosed in 1997 that one of the solid gold Buddhas is now in a bank vault beneath Zurich's Kloten Airport, along with a large quantity of other gold bullion recovered by former Philippine president Ferdinand Marcos and held in Marcos family accounts.

In 1997, a team from Japan's Asahi television was led to a mountain cave in the Philippine, where they filmed and examined 1,800 of these bars, worth $150 million, and drilled core samples that confirmed their province.

After Japan's surrender, some golds were recovered by U.S. But U.S. decided to steal and criminally enrich itself instead of returning to its rightful Asian owner for their desperate recovery after War.

According to the Seagraves, US financial experts from CIA instructed Santa Romana to deposit the gold in 176 reliable banks in 42 different countries. Instead of returning these looted gold to the rightful owners of Asian countries for recovery in the aftermath of WWII, U.S. criminally enriched itself by stealing these looted gold and set up Slush Funds to finance and influence politics around the world for its own interests. The slush funds became US political worldwide action fund to fight communism. The most famous one is known as the Black Eagle Trust, or the M-Fund to reinforce the treasuries of its allies, bribe political leaders, manipulate politics, military, economics and elections around the world.

"Truth is something governments do not wish to be known. Big corporate media and bootlicking academics have tried to undermine our books by pretending they don't exist or saying that the M-Fund is imaginary. But look at the CD-ROMs. Secrecy, lying and corruption have become the official seal of Tokyo and Washington" says Peggy Seagrave.

The fact that the U.S. still refuses to declassify relevant OSS/CIA materials, in blatant contravention of U.S. Freedom of Information laws, strongly suggests to many scholars and historians that there is something serious to Cover-up.

After the war, according to Segraves, US used the looted treasure from Asia as sort of Japanese Marshall Plan to re-build Japan, and develop Japanese key industries such as coal, iron, shipbuilding and electric power for Japan's so-called "Economic Miracle Recovery" and as bulwark against communism.

San Francisco Peace Treaty reveals that the reparations matter was postponed until Japan has the financial means to pay.

To cover-up, U.S. insisted that Japan was badly damaged and bankrupt when the war ended.

In fact, few factories and mansions were destroyed or even seriously damaged, and there was little damage to the infrastructure. Japanese industries were dispersed widely and largely concealed from air attack. According to historian John W. Dower, author of Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of WWII, the financial centers, transportation infrastructure, and public utilities in Japan remained largely intact.

Far from being bankrupted by the War, Japan had been greatly and criminally enriched by the Plunder of Asia after the War.

After the war, U.S. played a central role in redress activities targeting Germany. However, U.S. State Department vigorously opposed former Allied PoWs reparations campaign against Japan, and insists that the San Francisco Peace Treaty as precluding individual claims against Japanese companies. As a result other Allied nations, e.g. Britan, Canada pressured by U.S.,have compensated their own ex-PoWs with own funds in recent years.

After the war, the abuse of the allied PoWs in Slave camps was vigorously prosecuted. But in cases, where the victims were Chinese Slaves, often igonored. e.g. In Yokohama war crimes trials handed down 60 guilty verdicts including 8 death sentences for atrocities against Allied PoWs in Niigata Prefecture. But NO charges were even filed for the Chinese Slaves enslaved at the SAME port facilities and were TWICE as likely to have died . The issue of forced Chinese Slaves was simply ignored in the Tokyo Trials.

In 1993, Japanese NHK broadcasted a award-winning documentary called "The Phantom Foreign Ministry Report: The record of Chinese forced labor". NHK went to U.S. and interviewed the former Chinese Slaves investigator William Simpson, "American authorities lost interest in prosecuting forced labor ..... because these were people we wanted to work with in the Cold War as allies." said Simpson.

Using this obvious U.S. double-standard in the Tokyo Trials, Japanese company Mitsubishi asserted that the lack of Slave War Crimes prosecutions against the company proves its innocence in the Slave lawsuits. In the court, Mitsubishi not only denied the historical facts routinely recognized by other Japanese courts, also criticised Tokyo Trials, even openly questioning whether Japan ever "invaded" China at all.

Despite the widespread prevalence of what was essentially institutionalized Mass Rape, the issue of Sex Slaves was also ignored by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, set up after the WWII to prosecute Japan's war criminals.

The Japanese brutal colonial rule of Taiwan and Korea was also ignored at the Tokyo Tribunal.

Peter Calvocoressi, author of the book "Total War", wrote "What seems quite incredible is that the cover-up conspiracy - for it is by no means a demonological exaggeration to speak of it as a conspiracy - was maintained throughout the three years which elapsed between the Japanese defeat and the conclusion of the Tokyo Trial ... and that ... this conspiracy was sustained for so long afterwards."

Under the Cover-up of State-Terrorism by U.S. against Humanity, Japanese government with its economic power, is able to wage a sophisticated propaganda after the war:

Japan portrayed itself as an Atomic Victim rather than a colonial Atrocious War Criminal.

Ian Buruma, author of "The Wages of Guilt" resents the Japan's transformation of Hiroshima into a mecca of "Japanese Victim-hood". Many of Japanese attitudes towards the atomic bomb on Hiroshima are so extreme as to be ludicrous. He dismisses them and wrote: " Again, such opinions are extreme. But, judging from what appears in Japanese periodicals and on best-seller lists, not that far from the mainstream".

There are more than 900 ultra nationalist groups in Japan. They are well organised and well connected with ties to the ruling LDP. Unlike in German where the ultra nationalists basically are out of the mainstream political debate. In Japan, they are part of the mainstream.

Rightist threats raise fears in Japan. "Speech and journalism in this country are facing an extremely difficult situation," Masato Kitamura, chairman of the Japan Newspaper Publishers & Editors Association, told the group's annual meeting recently. Japan's estimated 10,000 ultra-rightists, have become increasingly violent in recent years, the National Police Agency said in its annual report last year. When ruling party lawmaker Koichi Kato criticized a prime minister's trip to Yasukuni Shrine, retribution from Japan's right-wing was swift: An extremist set his house on fire. "Many people are now keeping their months shut. Parliament is not an exception." said Kato.

Minoru Morita, a Tokyo-based political analyst said, "These days we very often hear more experts say publicly that the U.S. wants such adversary relationship between China and Japan and that's why they remain SILENT."

Japan has now being able to skirt the soul-searching for its War Crimes for more than half century.

Most people have termed it "The Forgotten Asian Holocaust".

From history, we know that Militarism is extreme State-Terrorism.

Ironically, Japanese War Crimes cover-up is, in fact, a Cover-up of State-Terrorism by U.S. against Humanity -- an U.S. "With-Us or Against-Us" mockery to its own war against Terrorism. By covering-up Japan's State-Terrorism and mastered many proxy wars, U.S. has become an Indirect-State-Terrorism nation.

Fumiko Nakamura, a 91-year-old former public school teacher, can't shake the profound remorse she feels. Ms. Nakamura used to exhort her students to fight for the Emperor. She is deeply ashamed of her involvement in the war. " I will carry this sin as long as I live," she says.

As Japan expands its military roles abroad, her voice has grown louder. Now that some Japanese leaders want to turn the "Self-Defense Forces" into Full-Fledged Military, 91-years-old woman has become more vocal than ever. "I see certain parallels between present situations in Japan and in the pre-war period," she warns.

Noriaki Kamiya, a high school social studies teacher in Nagoya. Rather than hiding his family history, Kamiya talked about it in his classroom and around Japan. At first he referred to his father obliquely, as an "acquaintance."

But in 1995, a young Diet member declared that her generation bore no responsibility for wartime atrocities, and he sees worrying signs of a revival of the same kind of nationalistic thinking. So he began speaking openly. " Japan has emphasized the part of Japanese as victims, such as in Hiroshima. But it hasn't touched the shameful parts." said Kamiya.

The Asia Peace Alliance of Japan in Japan which has support from 64 organizations warned that nationalism is on the rise and more should be done to prevent the younger generation from thinking that Japanese militarism is the way to go.

"Everything I hear these days makes me really upset," said Sunao Tsuboi, now 80 was a university student when the bomb exploded over Hiroshima. "I get a strong feeling that Japan is leaning to the right, that we're going down a road that we've been down before," His face still visibly scarred from the atomic burns and is worried Japan may again be headed down the path of militarism.

Kinhide Mushakoji, Professor of Osaka University of Economics and Law, said: "Now we're part of the west and militarizing in support of the American government. People think it's right, That's what's really the problem I'm concerned about."

In Jun 2006, even the Japanese Emperor Akihito also gave warning against a current Japan's return to the right-wing violence and militarist oppression.

Japan's "Peace Constitution Article 9"prohibits Japan from having an army. So, instead of an army, Japan calls it Self-Defense Force (SDF). As clearly indicated by its name, Japan is forbidden by the constitution to resort to military action unless attacked.

However, encouraged by US, Japanese Self-Defense Force is now the best equipped and most modern army in Asia. According to Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Japan military spending in 2003 was US$ 46.9 billion, the 2nd largest in the world, even outstrips Britain's in total spending and manpower. Its navy is probably the 2nd largest in the Pacific. Bomb by bomb, Japan sheds military restraints. China is now trying to catch up.

Japan now inches toward a full-fledged military. A bill to revise the Defense Agency Establishment Law will be enacted soon. The agency will officially become the Defense Ministry in January, the first time the name of the agency has been changed in its 53-year history. Japan has about 240,000 SDF troops and one of the world's biggest defense expenditures. Japanese governments have explained away the contradiction by claiming that SDF is not a military but a kind of police force. Another bill aimed at instilling patriotism among students at school, is also expected to be enacted soon. It will be the first revision of the basic education law since it took effect in 1947.

Taking advantage of US war against Terrorism, ironically, instead of self-defense, Japan dispatched its Self-Defence warships for the FIRST TIME in the postwar period to Afghanistan; and then sent its Self-Defence troops to combat zone for the FIRST TIME to Iraq, to help fighting Terrorism.

It is a speechless mockery to its own Cover-up of extreme State-Terrorism committed during 14 years atrocious WWII.

Not only were the perpetrators not punished after the war, Nobusuke Kishi who oversaw the Slave labor program as minister of commerce and industry during the war, was imprisoned as a Class-A War Criminal suspect and later even made all the way to became Prime Minister of Japan in 1957. Okinori Kaya, a Class-A War Criminal for life imprisonment, paroled in 1955, later became Justice Minister. Shigemitsu Mamoru, Class-A War Criminal sentenced to 7 years' imprisonment, became Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister in 1954. The head of Unit 731, Shiro Ishii was permitted to continue medical research in Japan after the war. Ryoichi Naito, Ishii's right-hand man, founded Green Cross pharmaceutical companies, other Unit 731 leaders joined him there. Many directors of JNIH (Japan National Institute of Health) had served in biological warfare unit and involved in human experiments. Some went on to become Governor of Tokyo, Presidents of universities, Deans of medical schools, Heads of public health agencies, Head of Japan Olympic Committee, key position in Japanese drug and medical companies, lawmakers and industrialists.

Japanese veterans, war widows, families of those killed in action, civilians employed by the military, and citizens mobilized for the war, all receive generous benefits from Japanese government under the entitlement program.

In 1954, Japanese government even revised the Pensions Law to assist War Criminals for their pensions and compensation.

Japanese War Criminals received full military pensions and benefits from Japanese government,

But millions of their victims and families suffered, and continue to suffer in poverty, shame, chronic physical and mental pain, WMD Death Toll and WMD Injuries including Children continue to rise due to Japanese abandonded WMD weapons to this day .........

Japanese government officials and right-wingers, even some moderates, insist that all claims resulted from Japanese WW II transgression have been settled by the 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty that Japan had paid the international Red Cross the equivalent of about $1 a day for missed meal and $1.5 per day for unpaid wages for PoW while the Allies agreed not to bring War Crimes charges against it, by citing the provision in Article 16 in which Allied nations agreed to waive all reparations in light of the postwar financial hardship Japan was experiencing. They also claim that Japan has paid a total of 27 billion dollars to 27 nations, transfer of Japanese capital equipment, facilities, other assets to nations abroad, and an apology was offered by Japanese Prime Minister Tomichi Murayama in Aug. 1995.

But his apology was only a personal one. He failed to make a formal and official apology in the so-called "No War Resolution". Only 26% of the diet members supported the Resolution and 47% were against it. Furthermore, the ex-education minister Seisuke Okuno managed to organize a national campaign and collected 4.5 million signatures against the Resolution. The revised version had the official apology deleted.

Critics also pointed out that the bulk of $27 billion did NOT come from its coffer. It was the relief funds the Allied sent to the PoWs in the Japanese camps throught the International Committee of Red Cross and they was illegally seized by the Bank of Japan in direct violation of the Geneva Convention. Japan only returned them to Switzerland as part of the 1951 San Frencisco Peace Treaty settlement.

The returned properties were looted by the Japanese Army. They were hardly any "reparations" but solely stolen goods.

Countless artwork, ancient antiques, valuable books and intellectual properties from China and other nations are still sitting in Japan's museums and private collections to this day.

Over 45 years, Japan systematically looted wealth of 12 Asian countries accumulated over thousands of years: currency, gold, platinum, silver, diamonds, gemstones, jewelry, cultural treasures, religious artifacts, art and antiques including more than a dozen solid gold Buddhas, each weighing more than a ton.

The looting and plundering, which was far more thorough than the Nazis, became the Japanese way to finance its brutal war. In China alone, Japan looted 6,000 tonnes of gold from Chinese capital Nanjing in 1938.

Far from being bankrupted by the War, Japan had been greatly and criminally enriched by the Plunder of Asia after the War.

Stolen artifacts from Asia found in Japan

It is estimated that Japan had looted more than 2.7 million books from China. After the war only 158,873 books were returned.

Japan's ODA (Official Development Assistance) to China begins at 1979 when China has finally began its open door policy for economic development after suffering almost 30 long years of irrational political turmoil. But China lacked capital while developed countries had large quantities of idle money.

Although ODA was often criticized as the " Checkbook Diplomacy", it has definitely provided some benefits for both sides. By helping China's infrastructural facilities, Japan has paved the road for its own Japanese company business an enormous economic opportunity in China, and is already Japan's largest trading partner. China is widely credited with having pulled Japan out of its years of economic stagnation as already shown in recent economic recovery. China in late 70s and early 80s, was still an energy export country. The ODA also helped Japan diversify its energy import sources and reduce reliance on Middle East at that time.

Japan's ODA for China comprises 3 parts: long-term loans, free grants and technical assistance. Total Japanese ODA to China is about US$ 30 billion. They are NOT free gifts. More than 90 % of the ODA are actually loans that must be paid back including the low interest.

The 30 billion US$ ODA paid-back loans amount to only an in-significant tiny fraction of the financial losses in China caused by Japanese 14 years of atrocious destruction, estimated in many Hundreds of Billions US $. The total loss could be Trillion US $ if the interest, direct and indirect monetary and properties damages, environmental and ecosystem damages, looted wealth, cultural assets, natural resources, and other tangible or intangible losses were included, not to mention 35 Millions Chinese casualties caused by Japanese indiscriminate killing, starvation and various diseases.

The total past War Indemnity that China paid to Japan alone was a staggering capital 265 million plus interest 321 million taels of silver (i.e. Total 586 Million taels of silver in 1895, about 7 times China's annual revenue).

China could not pay the crushing staggering War Indemnity and had to borrow money from several Western countries and paid heavy interest.

In fact, China continued to pay Japan the War Indemnity up to WWII.

In an extremely vivid contrast, the San Francisco Peace Treaty reveals that the reparations matter was postponed until Japan has the financial means to pay. It was never resolved.

To cover-up, U.S. insisted that Japan was badly damaged and bankrupt when the war ended.

In fact, few factories and mansions were destroyed or even seriously damaged, and there was little damage to the infrastructure. Japanese industries were dispersed widely and largely concealed from air attack. According to historian John W. Dower, author of Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of WWII, the financial centers, transportation infrastructure, and public utilities in Japan remained largely intact.

According to Segraves, far from being bankrupted by the War, Japan had been greatly and criminally enriched by the Plunder of Asia after the War.

The Treaty had caused much controversial from the very beginning. After 54 years, the Treaty still remains very much controversial today.

In the San Francisco Peace Treaty (SFPT) process, the interests of Asian people and countries brutally victimized by the Japanese Imperial Army were mostly ignored.

Despite the protests by Asian countries most affected by the Japanese aggression, U.S. did NOT even invite China (both mainland-People's Republic of China and Taiwan-Republic of China) and Korea (both North and South).

Soviet Union, India and Burma refused to participate. 3 signatories from Asia (Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos) were actually representatives of the French colonial regime.

Only 4 Asian countries signed the treaty. Of these 4, Indonesia signed the treaty but never ratified it. The Philippine reserved its signatures and did not ratify the treaty. So in fact, the ONLY Asian countries that supported the SFPT were Pakistan and Ceylon, both colonies of Britain up till that time.

Furthermore, U.S. feared that Dutch's refusal of signing the San Francisco Peace Treaty might lead the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand to drop out as well, so on the day before and the morning of the treaty signing ceremony, U.S. principal negotiator, John Foster Dulles, orchestrated a " Secret Deal " with exchange of confidential letters between the minister of foreign affairs of the Netherlands, Dirk Stikker, and Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida.

Yoshida pledged that "the Government of Japan does not consider that the Government of the Netherlands by signing the Treaty has itself expropriated the private claims of its nationals so that, as a consequence thereof, after the Treaty comes into force these claims would be non-existent."

The deal and letters had to be kept secret because Article 26 of the Treaty states that, "should Japan make a peace settlement or war claims settlement with any State granting that State greater advantages than those provided by the present Treaty, those same advantages shall be extended to the parties to the present Treaty."

In 1956, the Dutch did successfully pursue a claim against Japan on behalf of private citizens. Japan paid $10 million as a way of "expressing sympathy and regret." A year before, the British noted two other instances in which governments had made deals with Japan for reparations: a settlement with Burma that provided reparations, services and investments amounting, over 10 years, to $250 million; and an agreement with Switzerland that provided "compensation for maltreatment, personal injury and loss arising from acts illegal under the rules of war."

The letters were finally declassified in April 2000, by which time most potential claimants were probably all dead.

With the " Secret Deal " and by withholding documents, the U.S. has significantly contributed and played a major role in Japan's historical amnesia.

Japan subsequently signed treaties with other States, including the war claims settlements.

Both U.S. and Japan purposely ignored without honoring the provision of Article 26 and continues to deny its bounded responsibility to compensate its wartime victims to this day.

For details, refer to San Francisco Peace Treaty: Has Justice Been Served and Peace Secured ? , and A Just Peace ? The 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty in Historical Perspective

"Those of us who really believe in human rights believe that justice has not been achieved by the San Francisco Peace Treaty," said Lillian Sing, a San Francisco Superior Court judge.

"Japan's historical amnesia is a result of collusion between the U.S. and Japan," said Mark Selden, a history professor at the State University of New York, " That collusion reached its height in the San Francisco Treaty of 1951." because the treaty becomes an obstacle to a full reckoning of the suffering Japan inflicted on other Asians and on American PoW.

Peace Treaty locked Japan into a flawed Present.

As Harvard Professor Akira Iriye had pointed out, U.S. used the San Fransisco Peace Treaty to turn Japan from a conquered and occupied country to its military ally aiming at responding to the communist countries, Soviet Union and China.

John Dower in his recent book, Embracing Defeat: "One of the most pernicious aspects of the occupation was that the Asian peoples who had suffered most from imperial Japan's depredations -- the Chinese, Koreans, Indonesians, and Filipinos had no serious role, no influential presence at all in the defeated land. They became invisible. Asian contributions to defeating the emperor's soldiers and sailors were displaced by an all-consuming focus on the American victory in the Pacific War".

San Fransisco Peace Treaty is therefore an un-precedented BIG Sell-Out of all countries in Asia and Allied PoWs by U.S.

In 1995, on the 50th anniversary of U.N. and of the war, Japan considered and proposed a "No War Resolution" in an effort to reflect its past history. However, it was rejected by Japanese Diet mainly because it contained a formal official apology for its wartime atrocities. Only 26% of the diet members supported the Resolution and 47% were against it. Furthermore, the ex-education minister Seisuke Okuno managed to organize a national campaign and collected 4.5 million signatures against the Resolution. The revised version had the official apology deleted.

That was exactly why on Aug 15, 1995 Japanese Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama could only offer a personal apology to mark the 50th anniversary end of WWII. It was a personal apology NOT passed by the Japanese parliament.

In Sept 1997 Japanese Prime Minister Ryutaro Hashimoto also reiterated the apology. Again, his apology was NOT approved by the parliament.

In Oct. 8 2001 Japanese prime minister Koizumi, issued an apoplgy after visiting the Lugouqiao ( Marco Polo Bridge), site of hostilities that led to a full scale war invasion in July 7, 1937. However, the apology was simply based on and did not go beyond the wording used in a 1995 statement by Murayama. It was his personal apology and NOT passed by Japanese Diet.

This was exactly why in Nov. 1998, Japanese newspaper Sankei Shimbun ran a such naive headline: "We are fed up of saying sorry".

Japan also argues that individual victim cannot sue a state, and also argued that China had voluntarily give up the right of reparation from Japan in 1972 when Beijing and Japan established diplomatic ties. Although the Joint Communiqué and the Treaty have waived the state's rights to war damages, neither has ever specifically surrendered the rights of any private claims by Chinese citizens.

In fact, the obligation of States and the rights of individuals with respect to the violation of human rights cannot, as a matter of international law, be given away or extinguished by governments through peace treaty, peace agreement, amnesty or by any other means. This has been repeatedly affirmed in numerous resolutions passed by the United Nations over the years. (e.g. UN Resolution E/CN.4/SUB.2/RES/1999/16)

Professor Etsuro Totsuka of Kobe University in Japan has pointed out the following in his article Peace Treaty and Japan's Wartime Responsibility: Breaking the Treaty Defense :

1. Art. 3 of the Convention (IV) Respecting the Laws and Customs of War on Land, signed at the Hague, on 18 Oct. 1907 stipulates, "A belligerent party which violates the provisions of the said Regulations (i.e., the Regulations of Land Warfare annexed to the Convention) shall, if the case demands, be liable to pay compensation. It shall be responsible for all acts committed by persons forming part of its armed forces."

   This article of the 1907 Hague Convention was understood to have been customary international law and it was succeeded by Art. 91 of the Optional Protocol to the 1949 Geneva Conventions. Japan acceded to it on Oct 21, 1953 and bound China in 1956. Therefore, It guarantees individual victims the right to compensation.

2. China is not a Party to the San Francisco Peace Treaty. Therefore, The treaty is not applicable to China.
   
   
3. The Treaty of Peace between Republic of China (i.e. Taiwan) and Japan of Apr 28, 1952 became null and void in accordance with the Sino-Japanese Joint Communique of Sept 29, 1972.
   
   
4. The Sino-Japanese Joint Communique includes no explicit provision, which waived the right of individual victims. The Japan Federation of Bar Associations had also made public its legal opinion that the Joint Communique did not waive the right to demand reparations for losses and damages sustained by Chinese nationals.
   
   
5. Art. 148 of the IV Geneva Convention reads "No High Contracting Party shall be allowed to absolve itself or any other High Contracting Party of any liability incurred by itself or by another High Contracting Party in respect of breaches referred to in the preceding Article." Therefore, if any military personnel commit war crimes of grave breaches under Art. 147, the responsible Parties could not be allowed to absolve itself from any liabilities including responsibility for compensation due to the crimes and other Parties shall not be allowed to relinquish the rights of the victims without compensation from the responsible state.

   Also in the second sentence of Art. 7 of the IV Geneva Convention reads, "No special agreement shall adversely affect the situation of protected persons, as defined by the present Convention, nor restrict the rights which it confers upon them.” Therefore, the guarantee under Art. 148 cannot be adversely changed by any other international agreements.

   Therefore, these 2 articles clearly prohibited Japan and China to absolve Japan of the individual rights to compensation under the said Joint Communique, in particular, if it comes to the issue of grave war crimes.

During the lawsuits of Japanese detained in Siberia and that of Atomic Bomb victims, the Japanese government has consistently expressed that what was abandoned in the San Francisco Peace Treaty by Japan was not the individual's right to claim, but only the right to claim by the Japanese government on behalf of the individual from another nation (the right of diplomatic protection). Ironically, in the lawsuits with Chinese as the plaintiffs, the Japanese government then offered a totally different interpretation when dealing with Japan's own war responsibility. The Japanese government has effectively forfeited its own credibility.

In 1995, China’s foreign minister stated that the Joint Communique waived only the Chinese government’s reparations claims against the Japanese government, while leaving the claim rights of private Chinese citizens intact.

According to the minutes from a 1969 meeting and documents of some 808 government and shrine documents, released by the National Diet Library in 2007, entitled "A New Compilation of Materials on the Yasukuni Shrine" , Japanese government initiated and urged the Yasukuni Shrine to enshrine ALL Class-A, B, C War Cirminals.

Enshrinement Politics: war dead and war criminals at Yasukuni Shrine.

In 1959, Yasukuni Shrine began to enshrine Class-B and Class-C war criminals. In 1978, under the Cover-up of State-Terrorism by U.S. against Humanity, Japan secretly enshrined 1,068 war criminals including 14 Class-A War Criminals in Yasukuni Shrine to be worshipped as national heroes. News of the secret enshrinement caused an uproar when it leaked out 6 months later. It was a serious violation of Japanese Constitution, the separation of religion and state.

In July 1996, on Japan's "Day of Armistice", known as the "Day of Surrender", the Japanese Royal Family and Prime Minister Hashimoto went to the Yasukuni Shrine to pay official tribute there. In doing so, they effectively bestowed the status of "National Heroes" upon more than 1,000 convicted War Criminals.

In Jun 2006, even the Japanese Emperor Akihito also gave warning against a current Japan's return to the right-wing violence and militarist oppression.

Japan's "Peace Constitution Article 9"prohibits Japan from having an army. So, instead of an army, Japan calls it Self-Defense Force (SDF). As clearly indicated by its name, Japan is forbidden by the constitution to resort to military action unless attacked.

However, encouraged by US, Japanese Self-Defense Force is now the best equipped and most modern army in Asia. According to Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Japan military spending in 2003 was US$ 46.9 billion, the 2nd largest in the world, even outstrips Britain's in total spending and manpower. Its navy is probably the 2nd largest in the Pacific. Bomb by bomb, Japan sheds military restraints. China is now trying to catch up.

Japan now inches toward a full-fledged military. A bill to revise the Defense Agency Establishment Law will be enacted soon. The agency will officially become the Defense Ministry in January, the first time the name of the agency has been changed in its 53-year history. Japan has about 240,000 SDF troops and one of the world's biggest defense expenditures. Japanese governments have explained away the contradiction by claiming that SDF is not a military but a kind of police force. Another bill aimed at instilling patriotism among students at school, is also expected to be enacted soon. It will be the first revision of the basic education law since it took effect in 1947.

Taking advantage of US war against Terrorism, ironically, instead of self-defense, Japan dispatched its Self-Defence warships for the FIRST TIME in the postwar period to Afghanistan; and then sent its Self-Defence troops to combat zone for the FIRST TIME to Iraq, to help fighting Terrorism.

It is a speechless mockery to its own Cover-up of extreme State-Terrorism committed during 14 years atrocious WWII.

Compared with most Shinto shrines, which were founded hundreds of years ago, the Japanese Yasukuni Shrine was a relatively recent affair. It was built by the Imperial Order of the Meiji Emperor in 1869 for the sole purpose to glorify Japan's imperialism. During WWII, Japanese Militarists took over the shrine. Yasukuni is a military war memorial to glorify its brutal past, anything but a symbol of peace. It grounds in central Tokyo include a museum devoted to glorifying Japanese militarism as a noble cause that tried to liberate Asia.

Ironically, Japanese Emperor Meiji, whose name Meiji originated from "Yi Jing (I Ching) " , a Chinese Classic , also took the name Yasukuni Shrine from a phrase in "Chunqiu Zuoshi Zhuan " (Shunju Sashiden) , another Chinese Classic , meaning "Bringing Peace to a Nation."

"Shinto " itself is Chinese words which means "the way of the gods" (Shin=gods; To is Tao=the way).

Of the 11 wars listed above, most of the Japanese wars were fought to invade and colonize China. The Russian-Japanese War was fought inside China in 1904 to determine who had more "Rights" to colonize China, ended with Treaty of Portsmouth.

Just a few paces from where Japanese PM Koizumi dropped a coin and prayed, is the Yasukuni museum. The museum portrays Japan as both the martyr and savior of Asia to drive "the foreign barbarians", to liberate and protect Asia from Russian Bolshevism and European colonialism. Pearl Harbor was "forced" by "a plot" by President Roosevelt. Japanese-led massacres, Korean comfort women, Chinese sex slaves, tortured PoWs, WMDs are not mentioned.

The Yasukuni Museum display shows Japan as a victim of a conspiracy by Western colonial powers and Japan was forced into war in self-defence to bring peace to Asia.

In a Museum film, Pearl Harbor is described as a "battle for Japan's survival," while one exhibit blames the 1937 Nanjing Massacre on the Chinese leaders who fled the city while ordering their men to fight to the death. After the fall of Nanjing to the Japanese, the museum notes, "the Chinese citizens were once again able to live their lives in peace."

The 50-minute film even questions whether the Japanese invasion of Asia was ever a violation of international law.

The Museum also displays the first engine that travelled the infamous 415 km Railway of Death - Thai-Burma Railway without mentioning the savage death of 16,000 PoWs and 100,000 Asian Slaves, described by Cameron Forbes in his book Hellfire as " built on the Bones of the Dead", i.e. 300 death for each km. The C56 steam locomotive engine of the Thai-Burma Railway of Death was called by ex-PoW Eric Lomax as a "Monument to the Japanese Barbarism".

WWII is called "the Greater East Asian War", invasion of China is described as "China Incident". The Museum displays a reconstructed Zero fighter and a Kaiten or Japanese single-man mini-sub/human torpedo , and the Short Sword used by Gen. Korechika Anami who advocated to continue the War even after the 2 Atomic Bombs.

On display was a kaiten human torpedo, the innocently named "cherry blossom bomb" - a one-trip flying rocket piloted by suicide bombers.

There is also a monument in the shrine tributed to the hated dreadful Japanese Kempeitai , "It is like seeing a memorial to the Gestapo in a German cathedral." said ex-PoW Eric Lomax.

The website of the Yasukuni shrine then declares: "The Truth of modern Japanese History is now restored.”

What if a museum in Germany featuring a Nazi plane, a memorial to the bravery of the Gestapo, a display claiming the Poles welcomed their invaders ?

Again U.S., Britain and other countries remain thundering SILENT.

Okinori Kaya, a Class-A War Criminal for life imprisonment, paroled in 1955, and became Justice Minister. He was instrumental in getting a bill to the Diet that, if passed, would have turned Yasukuni into a national shrine. He kept the bill alive through 5 rejections until finally giving up in 1974.

According to the minutes from a 1969 meeting and documents of some 808 government and shrine documents, released by the National Diet Library in 2007, entitled "A New Compilation of Materials on the Yasukuni Shrine" , Japanese government initiated and urged the Yasukuni Shrine to enshrine ALL Class-A, B, C War Cirminals.

Enshrinement Politics: war dead and war criminals at Yasukuni Shrine.

in 1959, Yasukuni Shrine began to enshrine Class-B and Class-C war criminals. It had secretly enshrined 1,068 war criminals including 14 Class-A War Criminals in 1978. News of the secret enshrinement caused an uproar when it leaked out 6 months later. It was a serious violation of Japanese Constitution, the separation of religion and state.

In Seoul, Kim Yun-ok said, "The Japanese soldiers enshrined at Yasukuni Shrine are the very ones who Raped our grandmothers."

More than 86 % of the enshrined Japanese soldiers were from WWII. Private Tadokoro Kozo of the 114th division said in 1971 interview, " There wasn't . ANY . soldier who didn't Rape. After things were done, usually we killed them ..... We didn't want to leave any trouble behind .....",

i.e. ALL Japanese WWII soldiers are criminals , committed Mass Rape crime at the least.

According to the published figures in Oct 2001, there were 28,863 Taiwanese and 21,181 Koreans enshrined at Yasukuni Shrine without their families' permission. Most of them were forced into war service under Japan's colonial rule. Since Feb 1978, a group of Taiwanese residents in Japan who had learned about the list started legal proceedings to get the Taiwanese removed from Yasukuni. In Feb 1979, a group of 7 indigenous Taiwanese bereaved relatives came to Japan and, for the first time, demanded that their relatives be removed from enshrinement. The Taiwan Chinese arrived in Tokyo said they want their relatives' names removed from memorial plaques there because it is "morally unpardonable that Murderers and Victims are honored at the SAME place." In June 2001, 55 members of bereaved families from S.Korea filed a suit at the Tokyo District Court demanding the removal from enshrinement of their relatives. Okinawan families sue Yasukuni to end relatives' enshrinement.

In the past 3 years, Taiwan Chinese went to Tokyo 7 times to protest against Yasukuni Shrine , demanding de-enshrinement of their family member of the forcibly conscripted war dead, insisting that "We are not Japanese ! We are the Victims of Japanese war crimes !", but without success in liberating their enslaved ancestral souls.

The "Return the Souls of our Forebears" protest delegation has come to the U.N. and brought with them are 2 old books that record the Japanese army employed the extreme brutal "Three All Policy : Burn All, Loot All, Kill All" in 1913 and 1914 against the Taiwan Aborigines who were resisting the invaders. A Japanese military photographic team followed the fighting, compiled its photographs into these " Pictorial Albums of the Punitive Expedition" and submitted them to the Japanese War Ministry as evidence of the army's "great military achievements".

The 2 albums now serve as undeniable proof of the Japanese army's war crimes. During its invasion and 51-year occupation of Taiwan, Japan killed more than 600,000 Taiwan Chinese people, including large numbers of Aborigines.

For people in Asia, Yasukuni Shrine is a symbol of Japan's brutal militaristic past. It is a potent symbol of how the Japanese intoxicated by fascism and coerced by military rule, once collectively lost their reason and were fed fantastic myths, of racial superiority and the Emperor's divinity.

The brutal military aggression in Asia was promoted and justified by Japan as a sacred mission of the glorified militarism, racial superiority, and emperor worship. Dying for the Emperor was the highest virtue. That was why soldiers believed that they would meet after death at Yasukuni Shrine . It became both a state religion and a political ideology, of which Yasukuni Shrine is the prime symbol.

This is what makes the shrine such a disturbing place. Not the Class-A war criminals, or the Japanese Kempeitai monument, but this destructive ideology, which has survived intact despite war crime trials, democratic government, and more than half a century to analyze, debate, and reflect on the catastrophes of the past.

Japanese prime minister Koizumi is either ignorant or dishonest when he claims that visiting the shrine is simply "a matter of the heart".

Weekly news magazines and commentators on cable television current affairs talk shows have recently taken to describing Mr Koizumi's stance on Yasukuni as "Childish".

General MacArthur once described Japan as "A Nation of 12-year-olds" and Japanese "as a childlike people who would run amok without imperial guidance".

Ian Buruma, author of "The Wages of Guilt" wrote: "A normal society, a society not haunted by ghosts, cannot be achieved by 'normalizing' history. More the other way around..... When society has become sufficiently open and free to look back, from the point of view neither of the victim nor of the criminal, but of the critic, only then will the ghosts be laid to rest."

To the Japanese, 14 years of in-human brutality was a Holy War. They were fighting for the God-like Emperor. According to "Yasukuni Daihyakka" (Yasukuni encyclopedia), a pamphlet published by the Shrine, War Criminals are called "Showa martyrs"

Grand-daughter of Tojo: If there was no Emperor , there would be no Japan ......
DM : But the Emperor himself admits he is Korean.
Grand-daughter of Tojo : I know nothing about his roots , but I was astonished that he said such a thing ......

Japan rediscovers its Korean past . . . . . The Emperor's new roots - Emperor declared his own Korean ancestry.

It is because Japanese Nara city was the capital of Japan from 643 and 794 A.D. where Japan's earliest Emperors were buried. In fact, Conclusive evidences have shown that Japanese Nara Prefecture was actually a Korean colony. The word "Nara" itself means "motherland" in Korean. The Meiji government also agreed that Taizen Kumazawa from Nara was the legitimate heir of the southern Yoshino court.

In 2001, Emperor Akihito said he feels a close "kinship" with Korean and cited the fact that the mother of Emperor Kammu was also a Korean. He also appreciated Korean culture and technology brought to Japan. In fact, more accurately, it should be "from China via Korea to Japan".

In 1984, Emperor Hirohito made similar statement that the Imperial family had a "close kinship" with Korea.

In fact, the anthropologists and archeologists have confirmed that the modern Japanese came quite late from the mainland Asia to Japan only around 400 B.C., that is a very shallow root . DNA research has confirmed Japanese are close genetic kin to both Chinese and Korean.

"Archaeology has made a lot of progress," said Hisao Baba, curator of anthropology at the National Science Museum in Tokyo, "but politics has made it difficult for the Japanese general public to take a critical look at their own past."

Yasukuni Shinto Shrine is a symbol of Japan's failure as a nation to collectively face its past war responsibilities.

Strangely, there are NO human remains at Yasukuni Shrine. In 1952, Japan passed a "Resolution on the recovery and repatriation of the remains of war dead in overseas territories". Strangely, 60 years after, 50 % of Japanese dead soldiers, i.e. more than 1,160,000 of them are still not repatriated. Even now some 600,000 are retrievable. Inside the Biak cave, in a small island of Indonesia, the skulls of Japanese soldiers were set out in a row, their teeth and parts of thigh bones lined up. Every visitor comes to the Biak cave would really wonder: What do the Japanese think about their relatives' bones ? Why Japan and Japanese families don't care and completely dis-concern about the bones of their relatives ? What is this Japanese mentality ?

Japanese pacifism is really originated more from a feeling that Japanese suffered during the war rather than from a recognition that Japan started the 14 years long brutal WMD war and caused extreme damage and pain to its Asian neighbors. Therefore, many Japanese do not think they need to be forgiven.

Since the war, only Prime Minister, Yasuhiro Nakasone in 1985 and Ryutaro Hashimoto in 1996, have made the visit, only once. The torrent of protest was enough to persuade them not to make another. However, Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi, drawing sharp criticism from other Asian countries, visited war shrine the 6th time as PM, and also the first on 15 Aug 2006, the anniversary of Japan's surrender, the most controversial date possible, signing the guest book as prime minister. Koizumi's dangerous game.

Under Article 11 of San Francisco Peace Treaty, Japanese government was to accept the verdit of the Tokyo Tribunal. Japanese Prime Minister to Yasukuni Shrine violates the Peace Treaty. This was why PM Nakasone refrained from further visits in the following years.

Hirohito visited Yasukuni Shrine 8 times as Emperor, last pilgrimage was in 1975. In 1978 the shrine's head priest secretly enshrined 14 Class-A War Criminals. "That's why I have since not visited the shrine" according to the diaries of former palace Grand Steward Tomohiko Tomita. However, many think it was an act of "self-protection" because Hirohito was afraid that their enshrinement would "reignite" debate over his holy responsibility of the war.

What is wrong about Koizumi's visits to Yasukuni Shrine to grieve for those who gave their lives for their country in the past war ? Here is an Editorial answer.

First in Feb., Japanese Osaka District Court ruled that the Koizumi's visit was made NOT as a private citizen but in his official capacity.

Then in Apr. 2004, Japanese Fukuoka District Court ruled that Koizumi's visit to Yasukuni Shrine has violated Constitution because it violated the separation of state and religion.

Also in Sept 30, 2005 Osaka High Court ruled Koizumi's shrine visits were a religious activity and Un-Constitutional. The Un-Constitutional Ruling stands since the Japanese government cannot appeal to the Supreme Court.

In fact, the question of Constitution was settled in 1991 when Sendai High Court ruled that an official Yasukuni visit by a PM or the Emperor was Un-Constitutional under Article 20 of the national charter.

Koizumi defied logic, insisting that neighboring countries would not be offended by his Un-Constitutional shrine visits.

The visits marked a further step in the resurrection and legitimisation of the symbols of Japan's Militarism.

The largest PoW suit was filed in Tokyo district court on January 30, 1995 by the Miami-based Center for Internee Rights. The suit, representing 33,000 U.S. military PoWs, 14,000 civilian internees and thousands more Dutch, British, Australians and New Zealand survivors, asks for an apology and $22,000 individual compensation from the Japanese government. After many court appearances and testimony this case will be decided by the Tokyo District Court in 1998. The final plaintiff testimony was given in Tokyo court on February 19, 1998.

Karn Parker, an international human rights lawyer fighting in the U.N. and Japanese courts over the last 4 years for the "Comfort Women" which Japan did not even admit until 1993, said Japan's refusal to compensate victims directly could partly be attributed to lack of pressure from other countries, especially the United States and China for political and economic reasons. "It does seem the Japanese government wants these old ladies to die one by one until the whole thing blows over," said Elaine Kim, an Asian Studies professor at UC-Berkeley.

However, things have finally started to change after the collapsing of communist Soviet Union, and the normalization of relationship between U.S. and communist China.

On Dec. 3, 1996, U.S. Justice Department's Office of Special Investigations (OSI) which has focused almost exclusively on Nazi war criminals despite its mandate to pursue BOTH Nazis and their allies, finally took its FIRST STEP toward redressing this imbalance by adding the FIRST 16 Japanese war criminal names on the "Watch List" (Holtzman Amendment) since it was legislated in 1978 for denying more than 60,000 Nazi German, Austrian, and Italian war criminals entry to U.S.

This is a tiny step the U.S. government recently made to correct its willfully blind policy toward Japan's war crimes but of great significance. As Kei-ichi Tsuneishi, a Japanese Professor at Kanagawa University, says "The decision is likely to shock and wake up the Japanese."

However, Japan is blocking probe of War Criminals and refused to cooperate with the Justice Department to put the names of several hundred surviving veterans on the Watch List.

"Japan is the ONLY country in the world from whom we seek assistance that does not provide it." said Eli M. Rosenbaum, director of the Justice Department's office of Special Investigations. Rosenbaum said his office has been able to identify less than 30 Japanese suspects compare to 60,000 Nazi, Austrian, and Italian war criminals on the "Watch List"

"After the war, they were not punished, so why is the U.S. government dealing with this problem now ?" said Masao Okonogi, professor of political science at Keio University in Tokyo.

"This seems to me remarkably hypocritical. At the end of WWII, the U.S. occupying force was aware of the information about Unit 731 but deliberately exonerated the men in return for their agreement to be debriefed on the findings of their atrocious experiments. We agreed to Cover-up their crimes." said John Dower, MIT professor and specialist on modern Japanese history and US relations.

On Jan. 4 1996, the U.N. Human Rights Commission released an official report, submitted by the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women by Radhika Coomaraswamy, on the wartime Sex Slavery, and report by International Commision of Jurists, Geneva Comfort Women : An Unfinished Ordeal.

In 1998, another UN report by Special Rapporteur Ms. Gay J. McDougall Systematic Rape, Sexual Slavery and Slavery-like practices during armed conflict. The reports are founded on years investigation and recommends that Japanese government should assume state responsibility and

1. Acknowledge its violation of international law.
2. Make a public apology in writing to individual women.
3. Pay compensation to individual women.
4. Amending educational curricula to reflect true historical realities.
5. Full disclosure of related documents
6. Identify and punish, as far as possible, involved perpetrators

The support for the U.N. report is growing around the world.

In 1999, the ILO Committee of Experts, i.e. the 20 member quasi-judicial expert body of the International Labour Organization, published its 3rd observation. In Observation concerning Convention No. 29, Forced Labour, 1930 Japan, the ILO Committee turned down the Japan's argument that the Convention should not be applied in the event of war. The Committee found Japan's violations of the Convention 29 concerning not only the issue of Sex Slaves but also the issue of Slave laborers by the Japanese industries during WWII.

Germany now appears to have regained the trust of her neighbors while in vivid contrast, the current resurgence of Japanese Militarism continues to invite suspicion from Asia.

Sept. 17, 1987, the U.S. House of Representatives passed the redress bill HR 442 (The Civil Liberties Act of 1988) for the wrongful internment of Japanese-American during WWII. That is a formal, unambiguous and unequivocal government apology. A copy of the U.S. Presidential Letter of Apology was sent with reparations checks of $20,000 to Japanese-American victims.

1. Acknowledge that the internment order violated basic civil liberties
   and constitutional rights.
2. Make a formal apology to the Japanese-American for the internment.
3. US $1.37 billion in compensation - $20,000 to each survivor.
4. US $50 million fund to educate the American public about the internment.

In 1988, the Japanese-Canadian also successfully managed to get

1. A formal apology from Canadian government to Japanese-Canadian.
2. Canadian $291 million compensation fund - $21,000 each in compensation.
3. Canadian $50 million educational fund.

However, Cliff Chadderton, chairman of the National Council of Veteran Associations in Canada, has been trying unsuccessfully for the past 12 years to get compensation from Japan for the Canadian PoW since 1985. The PoW were captured by the Japanese on the Christmas Day 1941 in Hong Kong. They spent four years of extreme hardship as slave labourers. Many died in the Japanese prison camps. Mr. Chadderton said, "It is a legal debt owed by the Japanese".

Dec. 12, 1998 Canadian Foreign Minister Lloyd Axworthy said Canada has lobbied Japan unsuccessfully on the subject for some time. The government decided that time was too important for the aging vets to waste it on prolonged legal fights, so it paid up on its own to each PoW Cad $24,000.

During the 14 years brutal WWII invasion into China, Japan not only manufactured huge quantity of WMD Biological Weapons, it also mass produced WMD Chemical Weapons by its top-secret Chemical Weapons research facility Unit 615. Japan had used these destructive weapon in more that 2,000 battles against the Chinese and caused great civilian casualties. It has been estimated that 700,000 - 2,000,000 Chemical Bombs most of them loaded with mustard gas and many of them corroded and leaking, are still scattered in China.

Tokyo finally acknowledged the existence of WMD Chemical Weapon Unit 516 and is now helping to preventing the disaster, on the quiet. But Japan's efforts already come too late for approx. 2000 Chinese had already been injured by these abandoned deadly WMD Chemical Weapons.

Feb. 9 1997, as a signatory of Chemical Weapons Convention banning chemical weapons, Japanese government finally proposed that it may plan to build a large factory in Northern China to destroy these deadly weapons. After the treatment the extreme poisonous solid remainder - Arfrodic must be transported back to Japan for disposal. So far there is no concrete agreement. International chemical weapon prevention organization has pressed Japanese government to cleanup the weapons in 5 years, but the Japanese government said may need 10 years due to the large quantity of these deadly WMD Chemical Weapons. According to UN regulation, the chemical weapon must be destroyed by 2007.

Many deaths resulted e.g. owing to the poison gas released while dredging the Songhua River in Heilongjiang Province, and poison gas leaked out during sewerage construction on Guanghua Avenue in Mudanjiang City etc. Victims of these deadly WMD Chemical Weapons are now suing Japanese government and demanding compensation. The will be hearing in Tokyo court in July, 1997.

Feb. 12, 1997 Mrs. Li XiuYing, a Nanjing Massacre survivor, who is now 79 years old, tearfully recalled in the Tokyo court about the atrocities she had suffered 60 years ago : She was 19 years old with 7 months pregnancy. To avoid being raped, she forcefully smashed her head against the brick wall determined to suicide. She didn't die but fainted. After she woke up, she found herself lying on a cot. Then a Japanese soldier came to rape her. She again fought fiercely. Other soldiers came and used their bayonets keep stabbing her again, again and again for a total of 37 times during the fight. She lost her 7 months old fetus. She was later rescued by Mr. Magee and miraculously she survived. Magee used his camera and recorded her terrible conditions on film.

The 20-minutes film is now being used as the proof in the lawsuit against the Japanese government. Ms. Li and 9 others including some 731 survivors went to Tokyo to testify. "Japanese Government MUST apologize and compensate for the massacre." demanded 79 years old Mrs. Li in the court, "I want the whole world to known that it was such an In-human War." Their trip to Japan was organized and sponsored by a group of 200 courageous and conscientious Japanese lawyers, scholars and others so that the Japanese can be better educated through the court hearing.

The lawsuit is supported by the Society to Support the Demands of Chinese War Victims (SuoPei). Other SuoPei cases are:

• Forced Relocation to Japan, and Forced Labor
• Comfort Women
• Pingdingshan Incident: 3,000 people were massacred in Liaoning Province. The pretext for this slaughter was reprisal for cooperating with guerrillas in the resistance movement.)
• Abandoned Poison Gas and Bombs

March 20, 1997 the U.S. Justice Department added 17 more names to the "Watch List" (Holtzman Amendment) barring these Japanese War criminals from ever entering U.S.

March 27, 1997 the Center for Internee Rights (CFCIR, Inc.), representing former PoWs and civilian internees brutalized by Japanese forces, turned over 100 additional names of suspected Japanese war criminals to the Criminal Division of the U.S. Department of Justice in Washington, D.C. the "Watch List" (Holtzman Amendment) has more than 60,000 Nazis, Austrian, and Italian war criminals , but has less than 30 Japanese names added since 1996.

June 27 1997, Frits Kalshoven, a legal expert, Dutch professor emeritus at the University of Leiden, the Netherlands, appeared as an expert in international humanitarian law suit filed by 46 former Philippine sex slaves in 1993 seeking 20 million yen each in damages for being forced to serve as "Comfort Women" during WWII.

The Japanese government insisted that individual war victims cannot sue a state based on international law and the postwar peace treaties have already settled the issue. Kalshoven pointed out that Article 3 of the Hague Convention of 1907 clearly implies, although it doesn't spell out, that individuals have rights to claim compensation against a state.

June 23 1997, Kalshoven also appeared as an expert witness in another damages suit in which 8 former Dutch PoWs and civilian internees, are demanding 2.2 million yen each.

Chinese citizens have for years been barred by their government from making claims for compensation from Japan. The number of surviving victims has continued to fall. The few alive are now more than 80 years old.

July, 1997 the Nanjing municipal government finally decided to trace massacre survivors, victims and witnesses. With the help of 10 thousand high school students including some Japanese student reps from 14 schools of Japan as summer camp activity, about 2630 survivors were found. The Nanjing City Notary Association also issued them with certificates in batches. Hope the Nanjing government will soon do more to help survivors in their endeavor to obtain justice.

July 25 1997, Resolution HCR 126, condemning Japan for its atrocities in WWII is also being introduced by Congressman Lipinski, Stump, and others. It calls for the Japanese government to :

1. Formally issue a clear and unambiguous apology.
2. Immediately pay compensation to all the victims of Japanese WWII war crimes.

The bill was cosponsored by 78 members of House of Representatives. Over 12,000 petitions had been gathered from every State in the Union in support of this legislation and over 50 veterans and military and human rights organizations are supporting HCR 126. Although it did not pass in the 105th Congress, a similar resolution will be introduced as soon as the 106th Congress is started in 1999.

August 11 1997, 108 Chinese filed a law suit involving the former Japanese Imperial Army's germ warfare in Tokyo District Court demanding $9.39 million compensation and apologies from the Japanese government. This was the latest in a series of court cases against Japanese WWII crimes. Kouken Tsuchiya, the plaintiffs' chief lawyer, said they needed such long time to gather evidence before filing suit because the Japanese government had covered up the germ warfare. The Japanese Imperial Army carried out germ warfare despite a ban under the 1925 Geneva convention.

Sept 22, 1997, Japanese steelmaker, Nippon Steel Corp. and the families of 11 Koreans have reached an out-of-court settlement for a lawsuit filed 2 years ago for using them as forced labor during WWII. The company will pay more than $163,000 in "condolence money" to each of the victims. "We are not completely happy with the settlement, but we wanted to focus more on the positive side -- the fact that a Japanese company is paying money for the victims and their memorial services," Akihiko Oguchi said. The families, however, plan to continue their legal fight against the Japanese government. Nippon Steel and many other corporate giants today, have said they only operated under government orders. Companies, including NKK Corp., Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Kajima Corp., face similar lawsuits.

In Germany, the Federal Compensation Law for slave labour were established in 1953. Claims are valid for damage to health, persecution and for being kept in prison-like conditions.

Oct 7, 1997, 37 Japanese lawyers and scholars of a group established earlier this year, including lawyer Koken Tsuchiya, the former head of the Japan Federation of Bar Associations, Hosei University Professor Yoko Tajima and novelist Ayako Miurars, will push for legislation that would make Japanese government directly compensate foreign WWII victims. The group will urge a nonpartisan group of Diet members to introduce 2 bills, One bill would be aimed at investigating "violations of international humanitarian law" committed by the Japan before and during WWII. The other would enable a provisional payment by the government to the comfort women.

Nov. 1997, South Korean National Assembly decided to prohibit entry of war criminals into South Korea.

Dec. 10, 1997 the Tokyo District Court dismissed a lawsuit filed by Chinese former slave laborers during WWII. The lawyer Takashi Niimi said the group will appeal. In February, Judge Sonobe angered the plaintiffs when he, during an oral hearing, suddenly announced that the court would wrap up its deliberations without questioning the plaintiffs. The plaintiffs immediately filed for dismissal of the judges, but the Tokyo High Court rejected the motion. "An unjust ruling like this has not only hurt the Hanaoka victims," he said, "but also has downgraded the credibility and dignity of the Japanese justice system."

The plaintiffs claim that 986 Chinese were forcibly brought from China to Hanaoka copper mine in Akita and were slaved into hard labor for Kajima-gumi, the predecessor of Kajima Corp. In June 1945, the Chinese revolted and were soon rounded up and tortured. In the end, 113 Chinese died by torture. They sued the giant construction firm in June 1995, demanding 5.5 million yen each in damages for malnutrition, slave labor and torture.

Dec 15, 1997 The film "Don't Cry Nanjing" was finished back in 1995. But it has taken until the 60th anniversary of the Nanjing Massacre to get it shown in Japan, but many cinemas in Japan are reluctant to screen the film.

Jan 12, 1998 Japan tried to apologize to Britain to smooth the visit of Emperor Akihito to Britain in May, for the suffering of prisoners during WWII. Japan also offered 1.3 million fund for the grandsons of the British PoWs to study in Japan for 1 year. But the veterans in both England and Canada rejected it as too little and too late. "There are several ways in which you can say sorry in Japanese without in any way apologizing. If it is not the form of Japanese that says, 'We apologize' [i.e. use more sincere Japanese word " shazai ", NOT much less sincere Japanese word "owabi"], I say so what ?" said Roger Cyr. " They were waiting for us to die then and they are waiting for us to die now." said Arthur Titherington.

On the very same day, Germany agreed to establish a fund of 200 million marks to compensate Jewish victims in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. They were barred from receiving the substantial compensation because of Cold War politics. Payments will be released over a period of 4 years starting in 1999.

In Hong Kong, Mr. Ng Yat-Hing, the chairperson of the Hong Kong Reparation Association, tells another fact that from 1941 to 1945, HK was under the control of Japanese Imperial Army. During this dark period, all other currencies were forbidden except the Japanese Military Yen, called Gunpyo. HK residents were forced to hand out their HK and foreign currency, gold, jewelry etc to exchange the Military Yen. Whoever disobeyed were executed. All the gold and valuables were either shipped back to Japan or used to buy military materials. The exchange rate at that time was 2 to 4 HK dollars for 1 Military Yen. After the war, the Military Yen immediately became worthless paper. Many residents were bankrupted and some became beggars while others starved to death. Many families had become broke over night. For decades, the Association has been unsuccessfully demanding the Japanese government to take the responsibility of exchanging the Military Yen which totals 540 million, now valued at about US $1.28 Billion, back to HK dollars. In August 1993, they filed a law suit with the Tokyo District Court. There has been 28 hearings in the Japanese court. The Japanese government is still trying to forgo its duty.

June 17, 1999 the Tokyo District Court rejected their request. Presiding Judge Seiichiro Nishioka acknowledged that the exchange of HK dollars with Military Yen was compulsory. He said, "Whether the plaintiffs should be compensated is not a matter to be decided by the courts but one to be decided by the Diet." "We are not demanding for war compensation, we are demanding Japan to pay back their legal debt", said Mr. Ng. "The Japanese government's fraudulent act of reneging on its debts will remain in history." Japanese courts rejected a similar claim filed by a Taiwan Chinese woman on her Military Yen in the early 1980s.

Mar 12, 1998, the Japanese Supreme Court will rule : In 1987, Mr. Shiro Azuma, a retired Japanese soldier, published "My Nanking Platoon" a diary describing his days in Nanjing. It described criminal acts committed by the Japanese Imperial Army which included savage killings, malicious rapes and countless war atrocities. Mituharu Hashimoto and his former officer Hideo Mori claimed the diary is a collection of lies. The Tokyo Lower Court ruled against Azuma. Mr. Azuma wrote in his recent letter, "On March 12, 1998 exactly at 2 pm, I will testify in the Supreme Court, and I will tell the truth of the Nanjing Massacre. The seats for the public hearing will, without doubt, be filled with the Kaikosha Society, the group of the old Japanese Imperial army officers...... I am 86 year old now, but I will fight to death like a young man, but this time is not for the Emperor but for the Justice and the History."

Dec 23, 1998 Dismissing the appeal, presiding Judge Koetsu Okuyama of the Tokyo High Court said Azuma's diary describes some Imperial Japanese Army actions that cannot be recognized as fact. Expressing strong disapproval of the ruling, Azuma's lawyers said they will appeal the case to the Supreme Court.

Apr. 6, 1998, a US $11 millions movie " Pride - The Fateful Moment" about Tojo's trial and execution was released by Toei Co. in Japan. Gen. Hideki Tojo, a class-A war criminal, was Japan's prime minister in 1941 and gave the go-ahead for the attack on Pearl Harbor. He stepped down in 1944 to take responsibility for the fall of Saipan. The movie's cast said they wanted to correct what they called misconceptions. Tojo, they said, took Japan to war in self-defense and to liberate Asia from control by white Western colonizers.

The growing popularity of such views here can be seen by the crowds that lined up to see the movie, making it one of the top-grossing domestic films of last year with proceeds of $169 million. By contrast, only a handful of theaters dared to show "Nanjing 1937," a Chinese film released at almost the same time. Right-wing protesters even slashed the screen at a Tokyo theater where the film was shown.

Apr. 21, 1998 failing to give any specific arguments or evidence Kunihiko Saito, the Japanese Ambassador to Washington took the extraordinary move of attacking the international best selling book The Rape of Nanking - The Forgotten Holocaust of WWII.

In addition, Saito sternly warned members of the US House of Representatives not to sponsor the HCR 126. The bill currently has 63 cosponsors and various victims groups and veterans groups are pushing for its passage prior to the adjournment of the 105th Congress. Over 12,000 petitions have been gathered from every State in the Union in support of this legislation and over 50 veterans and military and human rights organizations are supporting HCR 126.

Rabbi Cooper of the Simon Wiesenthal Center wrote a protest letter to Japanese Ambassador Saito for failing to provide "any specific details to back up your serious allegations." In April 28 reply to the rabbi's letter, Ambassador Saito merely quoted from the war apology read by then Prime Minister Tomiichi Murayama on Aug. 15, 1995 and offer no specific back up for his allegations. But the apology in 1995 was not passed by Japanese parliament.

Apr 27, 1998 calling the army's actions an example of sexual and ethnic discrimination and a "fundamental violation of human rights", Japan's Yamaguchi District Court Judge Hideaki Chikashita ruled that Japan must compensate the 3 South Korean women forced into sexual slavery during WWII with $2,300 each. The lawsuit was filed in 1992 by 10 women who demanded about $4.2 million in compensation for the pain they had suffered. However, the court rejected claims by 7 of the women, who had demanded in the same lawsuit that the Japanese government pay them for being slaved to work during the war. Seita Yamamoto, attorney for the 3 women, said he would appeal for more money and apology. Some are outraged," he said. Still, he called the ruling a big step in the right direction.

Japanese government has refused to compensate individual war victims, arguing that postwar treaties settled all wartime claims. Japan has paid $760,000 to former sex slaves, but through a privately funded body "Asian Women's Fund" so it could skirt admitting official responsibility. Many women have refused to accept money from the fund, which they say reflects Japan's failure to show true remorse for its wartime actions. Japanese government spokesman Kanezo Muraoka called the ruling "regrettable". Both the Japanese Foreign Ministry in Tokyo and the Foreign Affairs Ministry in Seoul declined comment. The ruling is likely to profoundly affect other 5 pending cases and encourage others to file similar lawsuits.

May 26, 1998 Japanese Emperor Akihito visited England while survivors of PoW turned their backs and booed the newly arrived Emperor. Some protesters whistled Colonel Bogey, the tune associated with the film Bridge on the River Kwai. Many wore red gloves to symbolize the blood they said was on Japan's hands. They were seeking $22,800 compensation and an sincere apology.

June 22 1998 Author Iris Chang has challenged to a public debate six Japanese scholars who say the 1937 "Rape of Nanking" never happened. "These revisionists are engaged in a second rape of Nanking - the Rape of History," she said. Rabbi Abraham Cooper of the Simon Wiesenthal Center, which tracks Nazi war criminals, likened Japanese revisionists to those who say that accounts of the Nazi Holocaust were fictionalized or exaggerated. "Japan cannot be trusted as a member of the community of nations until it once and for all, sincerely and genuinely, apologizes for its deeds during World War II -- beginning with Nanking," Cooper said.

June 25, 1998 Yoshio Shinozuka, Takemitsu Ogawa and Shiro Azuma are all aging Japanese veterans who repeatedly have admitted participating in WWII atrocities, and wanted to bring their quest for redemption to the US and Canada. Mr. Shiro Azuma got a severe cold and abandoned his plan to go abroad. Ironically US and Canada barred Shinozuka from entering the country due to their past war crimes.

The US Justice Department barred Shinozuka as a result of a 1996 decision to add suspected Japanese war criminals to the "Watch List" (Holtzman Amendment), which contained names of more than 60,000 Nazi, Austrian, and Italian war criminals. But has less than 30 Japanese names added since 1996.

Shinozuka argued that those like himself who want to tell the truth about war crimes should not be on the "Watch List".

Saburo Ienaga, a professor of Japanese history who has battled with mixed success to get Japanese high school textbooks to include the facts of the country's conduct in World War II, suspects that the U.S. government fears Shinozuka's testimony would embarrass American officials. "He will cause them problems, not because of what he did, but because of what he knows."

They were scheduled to take part in a historical tour called " The Forgotten Holocaust of WWII in Asia." and forum of "A Glimpse of Reconciliation-Unit 731 Photo Exhibition". It was organized by The Global Alliance for Preserving the History of WWII in Asia. It traveled five cities: Toronto, New York, Washington, D.C., Vancouver and San Francisco from late June to early July. Mr. Koken Tsuchiya, a senior lawyer from Tokyo, was leading the delegation. He is also the chief attorney for the lawsuit of 108 Chinese germ warfare victims against the Japanese government.

Of the 3 eyewitness, only Dr. Takemitsu Ogawa was allowed to enter into the US to give his testimony. In recalling the basis of Japanese military training, Ogawa explained that it was a training of killing with the three-all policy: kill all, burn all, and loot all. Even with the thorough education system at the time to brainwash the Imperial soldiers, many were not psychologically fit to kill and developed autonomic ataxia with symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, abnormal fever, incontinent urine, asthma, spasm, paralysis of one side of the body, etc.

"The soldiers knew that if they deserted the three-all order, they would be shot dead. In those extreme situations, they showed abnormal symptoms - that was extreme autonomic ataxia," Ogawa explained. One of "The soldier was so afraid to return to the battlefield that he killed himself." Ogawa's testimony sheds light on Japan's experience on the war -something that its government and people had for a long time kept silent about.

July 31 1998, Japanese new agriculture minister Shoichi Nakagawa, who is opposed to describing Japan's wartime atrocities in school textbooks, said that Asian women may not have been forced to work as sex slaves in Japanese army brothels during WWII. A few hours later, he retracted them. "They were forcibly recruited," He said at a later news conference. The new Japanese Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi played down the incident.

In the past Japanese cabinet ministers have frequently made similar public comments DENYING atrocities Japan committed during WWII, with some losing their posts over the statements. As in January 1997, Seiroku Kajiyama, a LDP contender for the premiership, claimed that "comfort women" had provided sex to Japanese troops "for money."

Feb. 1999 Nobukatsu Fujioka, a professor at Tokyo University and the chairman of the Japanese Society for History Textbook Reform which aims to erase all Japan's atrocities from text book, "Comfort women were not sexual slaves" said the professor. They were simply prostitutes taken to war zones by private brokers," Fujioka told a luncheon at the Foreign Correspondents' Club of Japan.

August 23, 1998 Banned from entering North America, 4 Japanese veterans made a global Internet Web Apology over a satellite video link to panelists at the Simon Wiesenthal Center in Los Angeles. Click here to view and listen to the testimonies of Japanese Witnesses.

Hakudo Nagatomi said he had witnessed part of the weeks of slaughter from late 1937 to early 1938 at Nanking. Later, as a member of the Imperial Army's tokumu kikan (intelligence force) in China, he had "burned to death" two children inside their house, a crime for which their mother confronted him at a trial in China after the war. "I am so sorry," said Nagatomi, weeping. "I would like a judge to punish me. That is the only way I can repent."

Two of the other Japanese veterans Shiro Azuma and Yoshio Shinozuka, had both been denied entry in June to the US and Canada for their suspected involvement in "crimes against Humanity. Azuma has become well-known in Japan for publishing a diary he kept as a soldier in Nanking that details atrocities. He has since been threatened many times by rightists in Japan, and accused of libel and fabrication by other Army veterans, including his former platoon commander, who are suing him in court. Azuma said he had personally bayonetted to death 37 Chinese civilians, "old men and women, some cradling children in their arms, just like potatoes on a skewer."

Shinozuka, a member of the Imperial Army's infamous "Unit 731" said he took part in the mass cultivation of fleas to carry bubonic plague, and of typhoid, paratyphoid, cholera, plague and anthrax germs. He also took part in the live vivisection of five Chinese prisoners who had been infected with plague germs to test their deadly efficacy. At Unit 731, Shinozuka and his colleagues would dismissively refer to these guinea pigs by their code name--"maruta" (wooden logs). This slang derived from the cover story during the construction period: The Chinese laborers and inhabitants of Ping Fan were told that the huge complex was destined to become a lumber mill.

A former co-member of the Unit 731 "youth corps," Kanetoshi Tsuruta said he also took part in the Nomonhan offensive, dumping liquid from an oil drum into a river which had been laced with typhoid bacilli.

Sheldon Harris, professor emeritus of history at California State University and author of the book, "Factories of Death: Japanese Biological Warfare 1932-45 and the American Cover-up" stressed the enormous scale of Japan's top-secret biological warfare (BW) effort and of the atrocities committed in the process. "My calculation, which is very conservative, and based on incomplete sources as the major archives are still closed, is that 10,000 to 12,000 human beings were exterminated in lab experiments. Most were wiped out in four to six weeks, but sometimes it took 6 months," Harris told the satellite conference.

In addition, BW "field tests were carried out all over China including Manchuria," in which "a quarter of a million innocent people were wiped out ... This was a massive undertaking by the entire Japanese scientific community of the time," Harris told the global audience, "there were BW laboratories in Beijing, Shanghai, Nanking, Singapore, Rangoon and Bangkok," he said.

"The U.S. government is as culpable for inaction as Japan, and the Canadian, British, Dutch and Australian governments knew about it ... While the US "bears a major responsibility" for the coverup of Unit 731, the greater responsibility lies with Japanese."

Tokyo panelist Koken Tsuchiya, the chief lawyer for 108 Chinese victims and relatives of victims of Japanese biological warfare, said, "I am embarrassed as a Japanese by the attitude of the Japanese government of not revealing, on its own, information about BW activity and issuing an apology."

Akira Fujiwara, emeritus professor of history at Hitotsubashi University, added, "There are still politicians in Japan today who deny that the Imperial Army committed atrocities in Nanking. Those who speak out against the atrocities at Nanking receive threatening letters from rightists .... Like Auschwitz symbolizes the atrocities committed during the war by the Nazis, so does Nanking symbolize the worst atrocities committed by the Japanese Army"

Sept 22, 1998 Following Volkswagen's lead, Siemens announced its own plans for a 20 million mark fund to compensate former slave laborers forced to work for the company by the Nazis during WWII, in addition to the 7.2 million marks it had paid to the Jewish Claims Conference in 1961 to provide humanitarian help for the victims. Along with Siemens and Volkswagen, Krupp, Daimler-Benz, Audi and BMW are named in a New York lawsuit seeking a portion of the company profits for thousands of former slave laborers.

Oct. 9, 1998 The Tokyo District Court rejected claims by 46 Filipinas who said they should be compensated for being forced into prostitution by the Japanese military during WWII. The judge ruled against the women saying they could make no individual claims against a nation without international laws to support the action. Lawyers for the women argued that the 1907 Hague Convention requires a nation to pay compensation if it violates the terms of the convention.

The ruling is in stark contrast to two special reports issued by the United Nations that have proposed that Tokyo compensate individuals forced into sex slavery during WWII. official report, submitted by the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women by Radhika Coomaraswamy, on the wartime Sex Slavery, and report by International Commision of Jurists, Geneva Comfort Women : An Unfinished Ordeal.

In 1998, another UN report by Special Rapporteur Ms. Gay J. McDougall Systematic Rape, Sexual Slavery and Slavery-like practices during armed conflict.

Oct. 9, 1998 Japanese Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi issued his country's apology which was more sincere than those made in the past to the South Korean people for its 35 years of wartime brutal colonial rule. A joint declaration made by Obuchi and South Korean President Kim Dae-jung, said Obuchi "expressed deep remorse and extended a heartfelt apology to the people of South Korea, having humbly accepted the historical fact that Japan inflicted heavy damage and pain on the people of South Korea through its colonial rule." But he made no mention of sex slaves. It was the first written apology ever issued to an individual country by Japan for its actions before and during WWII.

The South Korean leader promised Obuchi a gradual opening up to Japanese cultural imports, banned since the Japanese occupation ended in 1945. Japanese movies, popular songs and even cars are prohibited in South Korea. Obuchi offered Kim a loan package to beat its economic downtrun. Many insisted that Japan must pay compensation to the "comfort women".

Nov. 26 1998 Chinese President Jiang Zemin arrived in Tokyo for a six-day visit, becoming the first Chinese head of state to set foot in Japan. However, Japan's inability to apology for its wartime crimes to China was back onstage in a big way. This suggests a sinister failure by Tokyo to renounce its past or to mend its ways. It also casts doubt on the sincerity of previous Japanese attempts to apologize to its neighbours. It also reflects the power of right-wing groups within and outside Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party.

At the same time, the Tokyo District Court tersely rejected a lawsuit filed in 1995 by WWII PoWs and civilian internees demanding an apology and US $22,000 compensation for each detainee. "I spit on the doorstep of the Diet. There's no justice in this country." Arthur Titherington, a former PoW said after the ruling. "Germany has been able to mollify the world about its wartime past because they didn't hide things, like Japan did," Yasuo Kurata said.

Nov. 30 1998 The Tokyo District Court dismissed a damages suit filed in 1994 by seven Dutch men imprisoned by Japanese military forces and a Dutch woman forced into Sex Slavery during WWII, seeking $22,000 each in compensation. Lawyers for the plaintiffs had argued that Article 3 of the 1907 Hague Convention allows individual victims of war to claim damages from the nation whose armed forces violated rules of war, such as humanitarian treatment of PoWs and respect for the life and rights of residents in the occupied territories. Presiding Judge Taichi Kajimura acknowledged both the inhuman brutal treatment against the plaintiffs and its illegality. Nevertheless, he dismissed the plaintiffs' claims for compensation, saying international law does not give individuals the right to seek redress for suffering during war. The government maintained that the Hague Convention, which Japan ratified in 1911, stipulates state-to-state relations and cannot be applied to individuals.

The recognition of both the inhumane brutal treatment against the plaintiffs and its illegality "is very important -- in relation to the Hague Convention of 1907," said plaintiff Gerard Jungslager "We are going to appeal because individuals' rights have not yet been recognized.... However, the most important step is that the first step has been set in the right direction."

March 28, 1999, In Japan Tokyo, a controversial $12 billion yen national museum, Showa Hall Museum was officially opened. It is Japan's first museum about the WWII. However, inside there is nothing about Japanese war crimes - comfort wowen, Nanjing massacre, Unit 731, germ warfare, not even Pearl Harbor, Hiroshima etc. Kazuo Ohashi, a pacifist, was so outraged by Showa Hall he has filed a lawsuit with his supporters accusing the government of misusing tax money to build it. "It's a sham," Ohashi said. "The museum contains nothing about the war." His lawsuit is pending in a Tokyo court.

Apr. 1999 In a landmark settlement, giant steelmaker NKK Corp. agreed to pay US $34,000 to a South Korean man who was forcibly brought to Japan for slave labor during WWII. This is the second court-brokered settlement of such a suit. The first payment by a Japanese company to a plaintiff -- a bereaved family receiving payment from a company in the first case. Kim Kyung Suk, 72, filed his lawsuit in 1991 demanding 10 million yen in damages and an apology from the company. Though the court admitted NKK's wrongdoing, it dismissed any responsibility of the steel giant, saying the 20-year statute of limitations had already run out. His lawyer, Kazuyuki Azusawa, says the threat of losing a subway contract in Seoul may have prompted the settlement, "Japanese companies are not sincere,".

May 1999, Canada ALPHA is launching a electronic postcard sending campaign to support the Canada Federal Bill C-479 Recognition of Crimes Against Humanity Act. The purpose of the Bill is to mandate the establishment of an exhibit in the Canadian Museum of Civilization to recognize the crimes against Humanity as defined by the United Nations that have been perpetrated during the twentieth century. If this Bill is passed, then exhibits on the systematic and organized atrocities and crimes against Humanity committed by the Japanese military machine throughout Asia before and during WW II will be included in the national Musuem of Civilization.

Aug. 24, 1999 The California State Assembly approved the resolution AJR 27 by urging Japan to apologize for its wartime atrocities and offer individual compensation to American veterans, former sex slaves and other victims. They also passed laws extending the statute of limitations for WWII lawsuits to 2010. The resolution maintains that the Japanese actions are not enough, and calls on the Japanese government to issue a "clear and unambiguous apology." It calls on U.S. Congress and the President to also seek an apology and reparations from Japan.

July 1999 9 Taiwan Chinese women forced to work as sex slaves are taking the Tokyo government to court demanding 10 million yen each in compensation and an official apology. At least 2,000 Taiwan Chinese women were forced to work as comfort women but only about 40 disclosed their grief.

Aug 9, 1999 Japan's parliament voted 166 to 71 enacted bitterly contested legislation enshrining as national symbols the notorious rising sun flag and the imperial hymn Kimigayo as the national anthem. Comdemned by hundreds protesters demonstrated outside the building because of their connection with Japan's militarist and imperial past.

Aug. 27, 1999 In a 15-2 resolution, the U.N. Subcommission on Human Rights rejected Japan's reasons for denying government compensation to women forced to serve as sex slaves for the Japanese military during WWII. It stressed that under international law, governments are responsible for war crimes and other rights violations committed by their soldiers. The Japanese governments "shall, if the case demands, be liable to pay compensation".

Aug. 1999 Ralph Levenberg filed a class-action suit under a new California law that authorizes any World War II slave-labor victim to sue for compensation. The defendant is Nippon Sharyo, one of Japan's biggest makers of railroad cars. Levenberg is demanding compensation and a clear, no wiggle-room apology. Levenberg's lawyers already have other big Japanese corporations in their sights, including heavyweights like Mitsubishi Corp. and Mitsui & Co. Both firms were named in a suit Levenberg filed earlier this year in a U.S. federal district court and both could face litigation under the new California law.

If companies in Europe are moving, however reluctantly, to close the final accounts of the war, their counterparts in Japan have not yet begun. At least 46 war redress suits have been filed in Japanese courts, Not one case has been won. According to attorney Yoshitaka Takagi, 3 cases have been settled out of court, including a forced labor case against steel giant NKK Corp. In 2 cases, the courts ruled that the plaintiffs had been wronged, though they declined to order restitution, saying it is up to parliament to decide whether and how to compensate victims.

Sept 3, 1999 A California based lawyer Barry Fisher urged the Japanese and U.S. government, Japanese companies to disclose wartime documents that would expose facts about the forced labor of American prisoners of war in Japan during WWII, whereas the German government recently disclosed papers that revealed over 500 firms were involved in the Holocaust.

Sept 13, 1999 500 American ex-PoWs used as slave laborers during WWII are seeking an apology and compansation. The lawsuit, which seeks nationwide class-action status, was filed in U.S. District Court in Albuquerque, N.M., against five Japanese companies - Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd., Mitusi & Co., Inc., Mitsubishi International Corp., Nippon Steel Corp., and Showa Denko, They used POWs to produce war goods between 1942 and 1945. Such actions are illegal under the Geneva Convention and various treaties that Japan's wartime government promised to honor. Eli J. Warach, a lawyer for the plaintiffs, said the lawsuit comes more than 50 years after the war because evidence and information withheld by U.S. agencies during the Cold War was only recently declassified. Several ex-PoWs also said U.S. officials warned them in 1945 and asked them to sign secrecy document not to discuss their experiences.

Sept 22, 1999 The Tokyo court ruled that it does not acknowledge the right of a foreign individual to seek compensation for war damages from Japan. The lawyer of 10 Chinese plaintiff, Hiroshi Oyama complained that the decision was based less on the law than on the judges' personal political views. The plaintiffs will appeal, said another of their lawyers, Harumi Watanabe. They demanded compensation for suffering caused by wartime biological experiments, the Rape of Nanking and the firebombing of Yong'an city. The Japanese government has acknowledged that during the war its Unit 731, based in the Chinese city of Harbin, conducted experiments with bubonic plague, anthrax and cholera on thousands of Allied prisoners of war and Chinese civilians.

Oct. 27, 1999 Members of the LA-based Simon Wiesenthal Center and the New York-based Alliance in Memory of Victims of the Nanjing Massacre met with Attorney General Janet Reno and Pentagon officials. The activists said US officials promised to persuade Japan to supply information about human experiments in WWII. Rep. Tom Lantos, D-Calif., sent a letter to Japanese Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi urging that his government release the documents. If not complied, Lantos said he plans to sponsor legislation in Congress that would declassify U.S. documents relating to WWII in hopes of finding information. Meanwhile, Cooper and other activists want Washington to modify the amnesty granted to Japanese veterans or express some regret. "If the U.S. will acknowledge its moral error perhaps that will inspire the Japanese to look at this black hole," Cooper said.

Nov. 4 1999 Japan's leading journalist Honda Katsuichi reflected on the Nanjing Massacre to the world through the internet. Click here to listen. He also discussed his new book The Nanjing Massacre: A Japanese Journalist Confronts Japan's National Shame.

Dec. 7, 1999 On the anniversary of Japan's attach on Pearl Harbor, New York lawyer Edward D. Fagan, best known for his billion-dollar lawsuits on behalf of Jewish Holocaust survivors, filed a class action lawsuit against the Japanese industrial giants Mitsui, Mitsubishi Corp. and Nippon Steel Corp. on behalf of former prisoners of war who were used as slave laborers. A total of 18 class action lawsuits have already been filed in the U.S, with dozens more planned.

Nov. 8, 1999 US. Congressmen introduced Resolution H.3254 codifying WWII war crimes claims. H.3245 is a parallel bill to Resolution S.1856, introduced last Thursday in the Senate, to amend title 28 of the United States Code to authorize Federal district courts to hear civil actions to recover damages or secure relief for certain injuries to persons and property under or resulting from the Nazi regime and its wartime allies including Japan. It furthers the resolve of the U.S. Congress to bring proper closures to outstanding WWII civil liability issues.

November 10, 1999 Resolution S.1902 was introduced to review and examine wartime documents related to Japanese war crimes from 1931 to 1948, declassify them and released to the National Archive for public access. It is a parallel bill to a US Senate resolution S.1379 passed by unanimous consent in both the Senate and the House last year to declassify all Nazi war crime records through a similar interagency.

Dec. 17, 1999 German, U.S. and east European officials agreed to setup a US $5.2 billion fund to compensate Nazi-era slave and forced labourers, about $8,000 for each in a concentration camp and about $3,200 for each non-concentration camp forced labourer. Payment would start in the middle of year 2000.

Dec. 24, 1999 Japan finally announced that its government will spend US $27.7 million dollars to destroy all their Chemical Weapon left in China during WWII. It is estimated 700,000 - 2,000,000 Chemical Bombs still scattered in China. Many of them are corroded and leaking and have caused many causalities to the Chinese. As a signatory of Chemical Weapons Prevention Treaty, Japan is pressed by the International chemical weapon prevention organization to cleanup in 5 years, but the Japanese government said 10 years are required due to the large quantity of these deadly WMD Chemical Weapons. According to UN regulation, the chemical weapon must be destroyed by 2007.

Jan. 2000 Officials in the Japan's 3rd-biggest city of Osaka said they had no choice but to let a nationalist group hold a conference, ironically in the Osaka Peace Center, with the theme "The Biggest Lie of the 20th Century" insisting that the 1937 Nanjing Massacre never occurred. The same citizens' group organised a screening of the Japanese film Pride - The Fateful Moment which depicts WWII leader Hideki Tojo as a heroic warrior rather than a Class A War Criminal at the same facility in 1998.

Voices dismissing or greatly playing down Japan's wartime crimes are regularly heard from Japanesee political, academic and media establishment. The governor of Tokyo, Shintaro Ishihara, for one, has frequently called the Nanjing Massacre a lie. In the past Japanese cabinet ministers also frequently made similar public denying comments with some losing their posts over the statements. In January 1997, Seiroku Kajiyama, a LDP contender for the premiership, even claimed that "comfort women" had provided sex to Japanese troops "for money".

Jan. 19, 2000 U.S. Nebraska State Senator Don Preiester of Omaha and 12 of his Senate colleagues have introduced Legislative Resolution 298 (LR 298) condemning the atrocities Japanese military committed in the WWII and demanding the Government of Japan to offer formal apology and compensations to its victims. A similar resolution passed in California, namely AJR 27, which was introduced by Japanese American Assemblyman Mike Honda of San Jose.

Jan. 27, 2000 To underline that Germans intend to remain aware of Nazi evils, German government decided to build a monument just south of the landmark Brandenburg Gate. The monument will consist of a vast field of 2,700 close-set concrete slabs resembling stones in a graveyard. Jan. 27 is also Germany's annual Day of Remembrance for Victims of Nazism, established in 1996.

Feb 1, 2000 Resolution HR 3561 was introduced in the US House by Brian Bilbray. It is a parallel bill to the Senate Resolution S.1902, the Japanese Imperial Army War Crime Disclosure Act on Nov. 1999. HR 3561 & S.1902 are to create an interagency work group, fully funded for 3 years, to review and examine wartime documents related to Japanese war crimes from 1931 to 1948, declassify them and released to the National Archive for public access.

Feb. 2000 In a speech to Israel's Parliament, Johannes Rau, the German president said, "I ask forgiveness for what Germans have done - for myself and my generation, for the sake of our children and our children's children."

May 15 2000 Senate Resolution 174 was introduced. The resolution calls attention to the atrocities committed by Japan against the Chinese and others during WWII. It also called on the Government of Japan to issue a formal apology and reparations to the victims of its war crimes.

May 18, 2000 Trying to blunt fears of Asian countries about a resurrection of Japanese militarism, Japanese Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori apologized for any "misunderstandings" for endorsing the nationalists' view that Japan is a "divine country" whose emperor has a pipeline to the gods, but he refused to retract his comments, which he said were meant to reflect "Japan's eternal traditional culture." The WWII invasions were fuelled by Shinto Religion which held that Japan's emperor had a mandate from the god to take over Asia. Defeated, constitution was rewritten to separate religion and politics.

But the old militarism lives on among Japan's ultraright, who glorify the country's war history and play down documented war atrocities. Japanese Prime Minister Mori made his statement Monday to a group of legislators and Shinto leaders in a speech marking the 30th anniversary of the Parliamentarian Conference for Shinto Politics League, of which he is a founding member. Opposition parties called for Prime Minster's resignation. Mr. Mori apologized again a week later and still refuses to withdraw it.

May 24 2000 Japanese Emperor Akihito started a state visit to the Netherlands, Dutch. To remind Japan of its war crimes and unfinished responsibilities, the Foundation for Japanese Honorary Debts (JES) organized a series of activities during the state visit, which were supported by many international peace organizations, including veteran and grassroots organizations from Japan, Germany, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, US and Canada. Many observers commented on these activities as a powerful moving force facilitating a new milestone in the international redress movement against Japan.

JES also sponsored the exhibition of photos and stamps in the Hague. Entitled "Unfinished Matters: The Other Face of Japan", the exhibition focused on the Nanjing Massacre, the Military Sexual Slavery, and the Unit 731 unit. The very first of its kind in Europe. To further enhance public awareness of Japan's unfinished business, JES organized protest marches in Amsterdam and Hague. to coincide with the arrival of Emperor Akihito. Joined by several hundred supporters, many put on the JES jacket imprinted "Pay Your Debts" in both Japanese and English.

July 6, 2000 German Parliament passed a bill setting up billions dollar slave fund for the Nazi-era slave and forced laborers. They formally apologized to the victims "for what Germans did to them". The vote on the compensation fund bill was 556-42, with 22 abstentions. It is being financed 50-50 by German industry and the government. It was signed on July 17 and formally established the 10 billions marks (US $7.5 billion) slave fund. More than 3,127 German firms have pledged money. "This closes one of the last open chapters of the Nazi past," said the German Chancellor, "We are setting down a durable marker of historic and moral responsibility."

July 12, 2000 Nachi-Fujikoshi Corp. a Japanese machine-toolmaker has reached a settlement with 3 South Koreans who served as forced laborers during WWII. settled a lawsuit filed by the South Koreans in Sept. 1992. It is the first time that a compromise of this kind has been made at the Supreme Court. It is the third such settlement, following a compromise between Japan Steel Corp. and former Korean workers recruited during WWII. Kensuke Imura, president of Nachi-Fujikoshi, said in Toyama that the company will pay the Koreans "settlement money," but he did not specify the amount. The plaintiffs had sought a total of 20 million yen in damages, 5,200 yen in unpaid wages and a public apology.

About 60 lawsuits seeking compensation payments for forced labor during the war are being heard throughout the country.

Aug. 15, 2000 Nine members of Japan Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori's Cabinet went into Yasukuni Shrine and bow deeply before its altar to offer their prayers. The Prime Minister himself, already under fire for comments that stirred memories of Japanese Militarism, stayed away. Among those honored at the Yasukuni Shrine are the Japanese war-time prime minister, Hideki Tojo, and many other Japanese military leaders convicted of WWII war crimes. For people in Asia, Yasukuni Shrine is a symbol of Japan's brutal militaristic past.

Sept 4 2000 Shintaro Ishihara, the governor of Tokyo prefecture, turned a hitherto boring annual earthquake drill into one of the largest military exercises most Japanese have seen since WWII. More then 7,000 uniformed soldiers participated in the streets of central Tokyo with tanks and helicopters. Many questioned the need for a military drill on this scale. "Ishihara wants to change the Constitution and turn Japan into a big military country again." said Atsuo Nakamura, an opposition member of Paliament. Japanese Prime Minister visited the basement command room of Japan's Self defence Forces to monitor the drill.

Oct 14 2000 In room 103 of Tokyo district court, Japan was at war with her own History. It was the first testimony of its kind, former Japanese soldier of notorious Unit 731, Yoshio Shinozuka, 78, told the court he participated in mass production of cholera, dysentery and typhoid germs. He also assisted in the vivisection of Chinese civilians during WWII. He said one of his reasons for testifying was disappointment with the government's efforts to come clean about the war. "What I have done was something that nobody should have done as a Human Being." he said.

Nov. 2000 The first case of its kind to be tried in Chinese courts, Xia Shuqin is suing Asia University professor Osamichi Higashinakano and writer Toshio Matsumura for distorting the truth about the Nanking Massacre. Xia is also seeking compensation and public apology from Matsumura, author of "Big Doubts about the Nanking Massacre," and the Tentensha Publishing House for printing the two books.

Nov 7 2000 Since Japan has refused to compensate British PoW of Japan for their suffering in WWII, and time was too important for the aging vets to waste it on prolonged legal fights, British Government announced its own compensation for PoW, £10,000 each, at a cost to British Government of 180 million £. Canadian governmnet did the same in 1998, paid up on its own to each PoW Cad $24,000.

Nov 29 2000 Major Japanese construction firm Kajima Corp. agreed to set up a US 4.6 million fund to compensate 986 victims of WWII slave labor worked in Hanaoka mine. 418 out of 986 Chinese died due to the brutal conditions. However, at the same day Kajima issued its own statement that :

1. The payment of $500 million yens was not the result of a case settlement, but financial assistance to the aging plaintiffs on humanitarian ground in the spirit of Sino-Japanese friendship;
2. Kajima is not admitting any guilt or accepting any legal responsibility of the death or injuries of the plaintiffs;
3. The death of many plaintiffs were caused by illness or harsh wartime conditions.

All three points above were blatant lies. The Global Alliance demands that Kajima Corporation to retract its Statement by Feb 12 2001 and continue with appeals to other Kajima clients and world communities to pressure Kajima. About 60 suits have been filed against the Japanese government or Japanese companies for compensation for slave labor during WWII.

Dec 7 2000 Japanese court rejected a lawsuit filed by nearly 80 aging Filipino women demanding apology and US 9 million in compensation for being forced to work as sex slave. Some of the women were as young as 10. "I will fight till I die," said plaintiff Carmecita Ramel. "They are all criminals, the Japanese government." Last week the court also rejected a former Korean sex slave's demands for compensation. approx. 200,000 women were forced to work as sex slave by Japan in WWII.

Dec 27 2000 President Clinton signed into U.S. Public Law 106-567, the "Intelligence Authorization Act for F/Y 2001," in which the the original S 1902 of "Japanese Imperial Government Disclosure Act of 2000" is included as Title VIII. It now allows the public for the first time in over 55 years to have access to hitherto classified U.S. documents which are expected to shed more light upon the extent of the war crimes committed by the Japanese Imperial Government during WWII. But some researcher remain skeptical because the law's "national security" exemptions.

The attacks had killed 50,000 people in 6 years. "After 60 years, we are still finding positive antibodies of bubonic plague in rats, dogs, cats and other animals. Every year a certain number of healthy people develop typhoid. Japan's germ warfare has left behind problems that still threaten our lives," Qiu said. Fears of another outbreak still haunt the city. After decades of denial, Japan only acknowledged few years ago that Unit 731 existed but has refused to confirm its activity.

Jan. 2001, Former Prime Minister Yoshiro Mori publicly referred to the Sino-Japanese War as the "China Incident". His view reflects the thinking of some senior Japanese politicians.

Jan. 2001 In Canada, British Columbia Ministry of Education has published "Human Rights in the Asia Pacific 1931-1945" which was developed by the B.C. Ministry of Education in collaboration with B.C. teachers, academics, organizations and individuals. Most Canadian textbooks about the WWII focus on Europe, and this teachers guide deals with Asia including Japanese Nanjing Massacre, Biological Warfare 731, Comfort Women etc. The contributors to the teachers guide include the B.C. Association for Learning and Preserving the History of WWII in Asia (B.C. ALPHA) , the Greater Vancouver Japanese Canadian Citizens' Association human rights committee, and Canadian veterans and prisoners of war. To view Table of Contents of this publication Click Here.

Feb 8 2001 The Tokyo Hight Court refused to hear an appeal by a group of Hong Kong residents asking Japan to honor Military Yen, issued by the occupying Japanese military during WWII. The Japanese Imperial Army occupied HK between 1941 and 1945 and forced residents to exchange HK dollars, foreign currency, gold and jewelry for bills insured by the Japanese military. Anyone disobeyed were executed. Japan then used the money to buy war supplies. At the end of the war, the Allied Forces instructed Japan to declare the bills had no monetary value. Many families became broke overnight The bills stated they could be coverted into yen at par value.

17 HK residents filed the case against Japan in 1993, demanding their money back and compensation totaling Yen 768 million. The Tokyo District Court threw the case out in 1999, saying the bills had lost their value and the group had no grounds to claim the money. Since that decision, five claimants have died. "We are not demanding for war compensation, we are demanding Japan to pay back their legal debt", said Mr. Ng. They will appeal to the Tokyo Supreme Court.

Feb 21 2001 During a meeting of LDP supporters in Akita Prefecture, former Japanese Defense Minister Hosei Norota blamed the US for forcing Japan into the war and shameless said: "Colonialism in Asia was rooted out to the hilt thanks to the Greater East Asia War."

On Feb 24 2001, in the Hague War Crimes Court, the International Tribunal has convicted the 3 Serb commanders in the Bosnian town of Foca in 1992 and 1993, where hundreds of women were abducted and sexually enslaved by Bosnian Serb soldiers. They received prison terms of 28, 20 and 12 years. The 3-judge panel ruled that Mass Rape is a crime against Humanity, the 2nd most serious category of international Crimes after Genocide.

Feb 26 2001 Resolution No. 7 similar to the two bills passed in California and similar to HR 126 (US Congress) has been introduced in the West Virginia Legislation. The resoluton is calling on the Japanese Government to offer a formal apology and compensation to wartime victims.

Mar 2 2001 In view of the growing anger of people over Japanese government's move to authorize school textbooks that many critics said distort its wartime history, Korea and China called in the Japanese ambassador to deliver their protest. In protest, South Korean has frozen all military exchanges and canceled plans to further open its market to Japanese music tapes, cartoons and video games.

Many Japanese Historians and History Educators put forward their appeal We Cannot Entrust History Education to a Textbook That Distorts History . There is also the International Scholars' Appeal.

May 14 2001 Asian Human Rights Commission has initiated an online petition Statement of Concern about Japanese History Textbook

A book published last Sept challenges the official history of Japanese Emperor's wartime role "Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan" by Herbert P. Bix, a Boston-born historian who teaches at Hitotsubashi University in Tokyo.

Bix reveals new information on the degree to which the U.S. government systematically deceived the whole world. As cold war deepen, US needs Japan as an anti-communist bulwark in Asia. Evidences show that senior aides to Gen. Douglas MacArthur and Japanese court officials schemed to fix testimony at the Tokyo War Crimes Trials so as not to implicate Hirohito.

Bix, using official records that will be difficult for the Emperor's apologists to refute, shows Hirohito knew all the war crimes in China, and involved deeply in early strategic decisions as Japan's army marched through China, approved an alliance with Hitler and Mussolini, and the plan to attack Pearl Harbor.

In Japan, some politicians are now joining scholars in calling for a reassessment of the Emperor's new clothes. "The Hirohito diaries should be made public," says Diet member Taro Kono.

Apr 25 2001 Within hours of becoming Japan's new prime minister, Koizumi told in his first news conference Japan's Peace Constitution Article 9 should be amended to legitimize the use of military force. Koizumi has refused to reverse the approval of new distorted high school textbooks. he also intends to pay an offical visit to Yasukuni Shrine on Aug. 15.

May 24 2001 After 60 years, US slaved PoW are still seeking justice. Their efforts have run into opposition from an unexpected source - U.S. State Dept. The State Department has filed papers in federal court in California stating the treaty prevents the courts from hearing the lawsuits. "The government has betrayed us. They will probably stall the lawsuit until we are all dead and gone." Henry Cornellisson said.

July 18 2001, the House of Representatives voted 395-33 to amend an appropriations bill that would prohibit the departments of Justice and State from using money to prevent former PoWs from seeking a fair hearing against Japanese companies. A House bill designed to help the veterans in court sponsored by Rep. Mike Honda, would let federal courts ignore a key section of the 1951 controversial San Francisco Peace Treaty that waived all claims against Japanese nationals for crimes committed during the war. "If the bill passes, it will open up the process and remove the roadblock the State Department has put up," said Linda Goetz Holmes author of a newly publish book Unjust Enrichment: How Japan's Companies Built Postwar Fortunes Using American PoWs .

There are now 35 separate civil suits that cite as defendants some of the world's largest corporations, including Nippon Steel, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Mitsui Mining USA. You can support them to pass "The Justice for US PoWs Act of 2001" (H.R. 1198) so that Japanese companies will be forced to take responsibility for their cruelty and atrocities.

May 30 2001 German Parliament approved compensation fund of US $4.5 billion to slave laborers, about $7,000 each to people forced to work in slave labor camps, but less to those forced to work in factories. Half the money is to be paid by more than 6,000 German companies including DaimlerChrysler, Bayer, Bertelsmann, Deutsche Bank, Hugo Boss, Mannesmann and Allianz. The other half is being paid by the government. Most recipients live in Eastern Europe.

Germany has already paid more than US $60 billion in reparations since WWII.

Jun 21, 2001 Tokyo District Court dismissed a Sex Slave case, ruling individuals did not have the right to demand compensation from the Government. 5 women from Shanxi province, China filed a lawsuit in Tokyo in 1995 demanding an apology and 20 million yuan (US 6 million) in compensation from Japan. One died in 1998, leaving 4 to pursue the case. The women had already filed an appeal. Of approx. 200,000 sex salves, no one knows how many still survive. They were forced to serve up to 30 - 40 men a day. Many have concealed their past, considering it too shameful.

In 1998, the Yamaguchi District Court recognised the Japan's use of so-called comfort women and ordered the payment of 900,000 yen in compensation to 9 former Korean sex slaves, but the ruling was later overturned.

Jul 12, 2001 Tokyo District Court ordered Japanese government to pay 20 million yen to a former Chinese forced labourer. However, the victim is paid for his suffering as a fugitive, NOT as slave laborer. Liu Lianren of Shandong Province was sent to a mine on Japan's northernmost island of Hokkaido in 1944 after the military abducted him. Liu escaped in Apr 1945, and went into hiding until Feb 1958. He didn't know the war had ended. Liu filed suit in March 1996. His relatives took it over after his death.

The judge said Japan should be held responsible for Liu's suffering as a fugitive NOT as slave, who was brought to Japan at the Japanese government's behest. Lawyer Toru Takahashi said his only regret is that the court fell short of ordering the Japan to pay compensation for subjecting Liu to forced labour. Japanese government has filed an appeal.

Some 114 Chinese are seeking redress from Japan and its private firms in 8 other trials, while 3 other suits are expected to be also filed by former forced labourers from China.

Aug. 13 2001 In protest over Japanese Prime Minister's visit to the Yasukuni Shrine and whitewashing Japan's war crimes in the new textbooks, 20 South Korean cut off tips of their little fingers. They plan to mail the severed pieces to the Japanese embassy. The signs near the Yasukuni Shrine refer to the Tojo and other war criminals as martyrs.

In Seoul, Kim Yun-ok said, "The Japanese soldiers enshrined at Yasukuni Shrine are the very ones who Raped our grandmothers."

More than 86 % of the enshrined Japanese soldiers were from WWII. Private Tadokoro Kozo of the 114th division said in 1971 interview, " There wasn't . ANY . soldier who didn't Rape. After things were done, usually we killed them ..... We didn't want to leave any trouble behind .....",

i.e. ALL Japanese WWII soldiers are criminals , committed Mass Rape crime at the least.

Aug. 15 2001 According to few survey, the school districts across Japan are now refusing to use the government approved distorted new textbook that glosses over Japan's wartime atrocities. "It could lead us down a mistaken path again." said Yukio Wani.

Sept. 2001 A lawsuit seeking $1 trillion in repatriations from the Japanese government was filed in the U.S. District Court in Chicago. The suit uses declassified documents to argue that former Japanese Prime Minister Shigeru Yoshida told the Dutch government that the 1951 treaty did not mean the Allied powers were forfeiting the right of their citizens to sue Japan for wartime damages.

Sept 10 2001 A Jewish history museum with 3,000 square meters, the largest in whole Europe, formally opened in Berlin, Germany.

Oct. 8 2001 Japanese prime minister Koizumi, during his one day visit to Beijing, issued his war apoplgy after visiting the Lugouqiao ( Marco Polo Bridge), site of hostilities that led to a full scale war invasion to China in July 7, 1937. He also visited a War Museum. However, the apology was simply based on and did not go beyond the wording used in a 1995 statement by Murayama. His personal apology was NOT passed by Japanese Diet. Even so, Koizumi left open the possibility that he may visit Yasukuni Shrine again next year.

Oct. 19 2000 Judge William McDonald of the California Superior Court in Orange County ruled, in three slave labor suits, two against Mitsubishi and one against Mitsui, that it is the courts, not the executive branch, that determine the meaning or applicability of the treaty; that the court has a right to hear the PoWs claims.

The PoWs point out that Japan made payments to Britain, Holland, and Switzerland after the treaty, money that was used by those governments to compensate PoWs. Article 26 obliges Japan to give the same advantages to all other nations if, after the San Francisco Peace Treaty, better terms are reached with individual nations.

Nov. 1 2001. Over 900 people filed a lawsuit against Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi for his visit to the Yasukuni Shrine in August. They argued that his official visit to the Yasukuni Shrine had violated constitution which was rewritten after the war to ensure the separation of religion and politics.

Nov. 29 2001 The entire Japanese government, not just the military, was involved in the decision to provide sex slaves, Japanese researchers said at an international conference in Los Angeles on Japan's war crimes. After Japan invaded Manchuria, China in 1937, Japanese government created the Imperial Conference, composed of the emperor, the military and the leading Cabinet ministers. This body made all important decisions including approving the "comfort women", historian Hirofumi Hayashi of Kanto-Gakuin University in Yokohama said.

Other research presented indicates that the actual number of sex slaves more than the 200,000 previously estimated by a United Nations human rights agency. Su Zhi Liang, a history professor from Shanghai Teachers University, noted that the U.N. estimate did not take into account China, because China came into the research picture much later than its Asian neighbors. In Shanghai alone, the Japanese military set up 90 sex stations, with about 500 women serving soldiers at each station.

Nov. 29 2001 Los Angeles Superior Court judge, rejecting the US federal government's contention, has again refused to dismiss a Koreatown resident's slave-labor lawsuit against Japanese companies. Now a U.S. citizen, 79-year-old Jae-Won Jeong was forcibly taken to a slave labor camp in 1943 to break limestone by hand at a quarry for Japan's Onoda Cement Manufacturing Co. in the northeastern tip of the Korean peninsula.

Judge Lichtman said he was struck by the DOUBLE STANDARD in U.S. government's position concerning slave-labor that the U.S. government has not objected to suits seeking compensation for Nazi slave-labor victims but did in the suits against the Japanese companies.

10 Dec 2001 A documentary film "Japanese Devils" about brutal role of Japan's 14 years brutal invasion to China between 1931 - 1945, has been awarded with film prizes in Germany and Portugal. 14 veterans of the Imperial Army testify to their own brutal participation.

"Once you've killed your second or third, you stop thinking about it." Yasuji Kaneko describes how he grew numb to slaughter after bayonet drills using live Chinese prisoners tied to stakes. "It was ultimately about competition, how many you killed becomes a standard of achievement." Another interviewed veteran describes throwing babies onto camp fires just for laughs.

Former Japanese sergeant major, Masayo Enomoto, says he became so inured to murder and so steeped in the idea that the Chinese were sub-human that he thought nothing of chopping up a Rape victim, cooking her flesh and serving it to his hungry troops.

Director Minoru Matsui said his main reason for making the documentary was to counter Japan's tendency to "sugarcoat" history. "The biggest reason for making the film was to preserve a record," producer Kenichi Oguri said. "After making it, we held a preview. Some young Japanese said they didn't even know Japan had fought a war with China".

China is now home to the world's largest chemical weapons cleanup campaign for 700,000 - 2,000,000 Chemical Bombs.

"This is something that has been done before, but not on that scale," said Abu Talib, a chemical weapons expert from Mitretek Systems in Falls Church, Va. in U.S., " Most of the chemical weapons around the world, you're talking hundreds and thousands -- not such a huge pile."

Whether such a monumental task can be completed by 2007, the deadline imposed by the international Chemical Weapons Convention, remains to be seen.

Japan only admitted in November 1995 that it had used "lethal gases" during war.

The weapons have continued to injure, kill and damaging the environment. 18 alleged postwar victims are finally to get a hearing in a Tokyo court in Feb or March after years of filing suit for compensation.

According to court records, the injuries to plaintiffs were sustained during the leak of a mustard gas bomb in 1974, in which sailors aboard a ship on a local river were poisoned; a leak of barreled poisonous gas in Mudanjiang in 1982; and the explosion of a poison gas bomb in Shuangcheng in 1995, and four other cases. The plaintiffs want an apology from the Japan and 360 million yen in compensation.

Jan. 1 2002 Chu Chung Wen is not a U.S. postal worker or a recipient of an anthrax-tainted letter. He is an elderly man living in China, one of thousands who suffered anthrax infections caused by Japanese germ warfare. Chu and his mother developed swollen lymph nodes when the infection spread from the skin to internal tissues.

He contracted anthrax in 1942 while working as a slave laborer for a Japanese-occupied airport located in the village of Nan Zi. "more than half the people repairing the airport" came down with the "unknown disease" Chu recalls. Japanese military disseminated anthrax germs, as part of the waged bacteriological attacks in the Chinese east-coastal provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangxi.

Now a restitution trial for Japanese biological warfare is going forward in a Tokyo court. The plaintiffs are demanding apology and compensation for the deaths of their relatives killed by biological warfare carried out by Japan's notorious Unit 731 and Unit 164. The thousands of victims included 2,100 civilians, whose personal details have been verified in China.

In a prepared statement for the trial, a 78-year-old Japanese veteran, Yoshio Shinozuka, confessed: "From July to November 1940, I participated in the production of typhoid, paratyphoid, cholera, plague and anthrax germs" at Unit 731 headquarters.

Feb 2, 2002 It is rare that a foreign-written book becomes so critical in explaining another country's history to its own people. The "Embracing Defeat" by John W. Dower have sold about 122,000 copies in just few months in Japan. The extraordinary popularity of this 900 pages history about postwar Japan raised a deep question - Japanese people understanding of their own country's history.

Many Japanese say they have now understood their country's WWII history for the first time.

Feb 10 2002 In Japan, at the Fukuoka District Court, the Japanese government said in a statement that Koizumi "did not visit the Yasukuni Shrine in his capacity as the prime minister". The lawsuit was filed by 211 people demanding 100,000 yen each in compensation that the visit violated the constitutional. Similar lawsuits have also been filed in Chiba, Tokyo, Osaka and Ehime prefectures.

In 1991, the Sendai High Court ruled that a 1985 Yasukuni visit by then Japanese Prime Minister Yasuhiro Nakasone violated the Constitution. Japan's two other high courts handed down similar rulings in 1992.

Mar 22 2002 U.S. medical expert Dr. Martin Furmanskihave specialized in research into the biological war waged by the Japanese and historian Sheldon Harris emeritus professor of history at California State University researched this field for 20 years, in their fortnight long trip to China, have proved that a bacterium called glanders was used by Japanese troops during WWII. "Glanders was a disease first found in horses, and it could attack human beings," said Furmanski. Human beings' legs are most affected by the disease. "Only one out of 20 people with the disease could survive."

Medical records showed that glanders had virtually been wiped out in 1906, but new cases suddently broke out in the 1940s during WWII in China."

Japanese showered 7 WMD biological pathogens on Zhejiang province to retaliate the Doolittle Tokyo Raid.

Even today, one hard-hit village in Zhejiang still bears the nickname "Rotten-Leg Village" because so many older residents are scarred with glanders from the 1942 attacks. Their flesh are still rotten and have not been healed since they were attacked - they have been suffering physically and mentally for almost 60 years now.

Apr 21, 2002 Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi made a surprise visit to the war Yasukuni Shrine that also remembers convicted war criminals, drawing sharp criticism from China and South Korea. Koizumi made no effort to disguise, "My visit was as Japan's prime minister," he told reporters after the visit. During the last August visit, Koizumi had refused to specify if he was going in an official or private capacity.

Apr 26, 2002 In the first such ruling in Japan, Japanese court ordered Mitsui Mining to pay $85,000 to each of 15 Chinese forced laborer to work for it in WWII. Almost immediately Mitsui Mining filed an appeal. The company said Mitsui Mining shouldn't have to bear the responsibility, "Basically, it's a matter of government policy." The Japanese government, however, has so far denied its responsibility.

May 10 2002 Ruling that Toshio Matsumra's book "Great doubts on the Nanking Massacre" was irrational, the Tokyo District Court ordered him and the Tokyo publishing house, Tendensha, to pay Li Xiuying 1.5 million yen in compensation. The judge said there was no rational reason for claiming that Li was not one of the victims of the massacre who appeared on Magee's footage. But the court rejected Li's claim for an apology.

Li, now 83, sued Matsumura and his publisher in 1999. She was 18 and pregnant at the time, narrowly survived after suffering 37 sword slashings by Japanese soldiers who had try to rape her. Li's separate damages lawsuit demanding Japanese government compensate for her injuries is still pending at the Tokyo High Court.

May 25, 2002 There is a growing movement among Bataan veterans to force Japan for apology and compensation. Of the 12,000 US PoW at Bataan, only 4,000 were alive by the end of war. Marching for days in terrible heat, beaten and deprived of food and water, estimated 7,000 to 10,000 of the 78,000 US and Filipinos PoW died. They were then transported to Japan in " Hell Ships" and elsewhere as slave laborers.

With little protection from the January cold, PoWs frozen to death. "We were throwing American bodies overboard at the rate of 30, then 40, then 50 a day all the way to Japan," Mel Rosen said, "The Death March was a Sunday stroll compared to the 3 Hell Ships." Only 200 to 300 of the 1,600 prisoners loaded on the 1st ship made it to Japan. When Rosen arrived in Japan, his weight had dropped from 155 to 88 lbs.

Mel Rosen, now 83 a retired colonel living in Falls Church, Va., is the lead plaintiff in a $1 trillion class-action lawsuit against Japan filed in Sept 2001 in federal court in Chicago. " The Japanese are waiting for us to die off," he said, "I have been waiting 60 years for an apology from Japan".

"The [US State Department] fought tooth and nail to help the people who suffered at the hands of the Nazis," Rosen said, "In our case [Resolution H.R. 1198], it would help us if they just shut up. In fact, they're fighting tooth and nail for the Japanese."

July 9, 2002 Hiroshima District Court rejected 5 Chinese who were taken to Japan as slave laborers during WWII have no right to demanding 27.5 million yen in compensation. Judge Kiyomasa Yamagaki acknowledged that the Nishimatsu Construction Co. was responsible, but rejected their demand, arguing that more than 20 years have passed. "The court has recognized our sufferings and yet we still lost. Where is the justice in this ruling ?" said Lu Xuewen. It is in stark contrast to the Fukuoka District Court decision handed down in April, when Mitsui Mining Co. was ordered to pay 165 million yen in compensation to 15 Chinese for forced labor.

Aug 15, 2002 On 57th anniversary of surrender, 5 Japanese cabinet ministers and Tokyo's governor made their visit to the controversial war Yasukuni Shrine which secretly enshrined 1,068 War Criminals including 14 Class-A War Criminals in 1978. News of the secret enshrinement caused an uproar when it leaked out 6 months later. It was a serious violation of Japanese Constitution, the separation of religion and state. Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi made his official tribute to Yasukuni Shrine Aug 13, 2001 and Apr 21, 2002 drew sharp criticism from both China and South Korea.

Aug 27, 2002 Germany and Canada has signed an agreement that Germany will pay pensions starting next year to German-speaking Canadian Jews who were living in Eastern Europe during WWII.

Germany has paid similar pensions to Jews and non-Jews living in Israel and the US since 1995.

Aug 27, 2002 After 27 court hearings since 1998, and with former Unit 731 Japanese soldiers including Yoshio Shinozuka, came forward as witnesses, Japanese court had no choice and finally recognized for the FIRST TIME that Japan had conducted Biological Warfare in China during WWII. even though Japanese Supreme Court has confirmed the existence of "Unit 731" that developed bacteriological weapons.

But the court rejected the demand for apology and compensation of 10 million yen ($83,430) each by 180 Chinese victims. Kohken Tsuchiya, lawyer said, "It's still a loss for the plaintiffs so we would like to appeal."

Contrarily, the Japanese government still refused to recognize that its army ever waged Biological Warfare due to lack of evidence.

This partial victory came 4 days before Dr. Sheldon H. Harris, Emeritus Professor of History at California State University, passed away in peace. Dr. Harris was author of the groundbreaking book "Factories of Death: Japanese Biological Warfare 1932-45 and the American Cover-up", that helped to focus international attention to defeat the repeated denials, blatant lies and continuing cover-up by both Japanese and U.S. governments.

Sept 6, 2002 Covered head to toe, Japanese and Chinese specialists in chemical weapons disposal were digging in a wooded area in Heilongjiang. It is the latest effort to find and remove WMD Chemical Weapons including mustard gas and lewisite - a fluid that emits poisonous vapours. Estimated 700,000 - 2,000,000 Chemical Bombs were left behind in China by Japan's Imperial Army. The experts showed reporters four 75 mm artillery shells loaded with mustard gas that were unearthed in April.

Lawyers for Chinese plaintiffs are suing Japanese government because the leaking Chemical Weapons have already caused some 2,000 deaths since the end of war. The digging will continue until Oct. 1, 2002.

Dec. 20, 2002 More than 600 Japanese nationals orphaned and left in China at the end of WWII filed a suit Friday, demanding the government pay damages of 33 million yen per person for their suffering both in China and in Japan. "We want the government to acknowledge that we were orphaned because of the war Japan waged". Hundreds more of the orphans plan to join the damages suit.

Jan. 14, 2003 Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi visited again the Yasukuni Shrine provoking protests from neighbors victimized by Japanese aggression. Yasukuni Shrine secretly ensrined 1,068 War Criminals including 14 Class-A War Criminals in 1978. News of the secret enshrinement caused an uproar when it leaked out 6 months later. It was a serious violation of Japanese Constitution, the separation of religion and state. It is considered a symbol of Japanese wartime military imperialism. This was his 3rd time since he became prime minister.

Jan 22, 2003 Federal Appeals Court, San Francisco, strikes down 1999 law enacted by California Legislature allowing slave laborers of Japanese and German corporations in WWII to sue for wages and injuries; finds law is impermissible intrusion on federal government's exclusive power to make and resolve war; also dismisses claims by slave laborers on other theories, saying statute of limitations bars them and may not sue for wages and injuries.

Mar. 11, 2003 The Tokyo District Court rejected the lawsuit filed by 42 Chinese slave labourer during WWII, seeking damages and unpaid wages, a total 840 million yen from the Japanese government and 10 Japanese companies (Hazama Corp., Nishimatsu Construction Co., Tekken Corp., Nittetsu Mining Co., Japan Energy Corp., Furukawa Co., Ube Industries Ltd., Dowa Mining Co., Tobishima Corp. and Mitsubishi Materials Corp.) The Judge said the plaintiffs lost their right when 20 years had passed since the illegal act. However, the judge also rejected the legal argument that the state bore no responsibility for the actions of civil servants that occurred before enactment of the State Redress Law.

Mar. 28, 2003 Japanese Supreme Court rejected an appeal from a group of South Korean women seeking compensation and apology from Japan for their forced Sex Slavery during WWII. It also ruled today that Japan does not have to pay $1 million to the 80 year old Korean comfort woman Song Shin-do. Japanese government insists that the compensation issue was settled on a government-to-government basis in postwar treaties. The stance has drawn criticism at home and abroad that it remains unrepentant for its war crimes.

Mar 28, 2003 Breaking from over 30 years of strict non-military use of the high sky, Japan launched its first pair of reconnaissance satellites today. Critics say the launch violates a 1969 resolution that prohibits military use of space by Japan.

Apr 10, 2003 In the 59th General Assembly of the U.N., both South and North Korea urged Japan to take measures in accordance with the recommendations made by U.N. Special Rapporteurs to apologize and pay compensation to Korean women forced into Sex Slavery for Japanese soldiers during WWII. In the 1996 report, the rapporteurs denounced the Japanese government for failing to take legal responsibility for the comfort women and falling far short of punishing those responsible for the "inhumane crimes".

Apr 23, 2003 Japan's Air Self Defense Force (ASDF) is holding aerial refueling exercises with the U.S. Air Force from April 21 to May 2, the first such exercises for the ASDF -- ever. U.S. is actively encouraging Japan to move away from its constitutional restrictions and rearm itself.

Apr. 28, 2003 In unprecedented denial, the family members of the two Japanese lieutenants, Mukai Toshiaki and Noda Takeshi who were well known for their Killing Contest to behead 100 Chinese with their sword in 1937, launched a libel suit against the Mainichi. They are seeking a total 12 million yen in damages, claiming that that the defendants failed to retract the stories although it has been "proved" that the alleged massacre did not take place.

Also sued for libel were the Asahi Shimbun that printed a follow up story in 1971, former Asahi writer Katsuichi Honda who reported the story and was one of authors of a book challenging revisionists view that denies the Rape of Nanking, and a Tokyo publishing house that published his book.

May 15, 2003 Tokyo District Court dismissed a lawsuit filed by 5 Chinese who demanded Japan to pay 80 million yen in damages for their health problems caused by Japanese abandoned WMD Chemical Weapons. They mistakenly spilt hazardous liquids on their bodies and inhaled poisonous gas while examining chemical weapons they found. They are still suffering from the after-effects, such as paralysis of an arm, breathing difficulties and a decline in their eyesight. The judge ruled that Japan goverment broke no law when it failed to recover the weapons. Japan abandoned 700,000 - 2,000,000 Chemical Bombs in China.

June 12, 2003 30 South Koreans forced into labor in Siberia during WWII by Japan sued the Japanese government for their unpaid wages, demanding an average of 10 million yen per person in damage. They base their lawsuit on international custom and the Geneva Convention for the Protection of War Victims. They launched the suit along with a group of 133 South Koreans who separately sued Japan demanding that the remains of their relatives who died in the war after being conscripted by the Japanese military be returned and that their enshrinement at the controversial Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo be rescinded.

July 26 2003 The Japanese Diet passed legislation allowing the government to proceed with plans to dispatch up to 1,000 troops to bolster the US-led occupation of Iraq. The deployment will be the 1st time Japanese soldiers have been stationed in a combat zone since the end of WWII and the 1st time without a UN mandate. The law is designed to circumvent the Japan's "Peace Constitution Article 9" that prohibits the use of military force except in self-defence.

Aug 13, 2003 A scrap metal collector in Northeastern China, Qiqihar had mistakenly uncovered 5 drums filled with mustard gas abandoned chemical weapons by the Japanese Army in WWII, harmed more than 40 people. One man had chemical burns over 95% of his body and later died. Others had suffered from vomiting to severe burns. Japan has apologized to China for the incident, but offer NO compensation.

This is the FIRST official acknowledgement by the Japanese Government that the Imperial Japanese Army during WWII used Chemical Weapon (mustard gas). The next step should be the official acknowledgement of the use of the WMD Biological Weapon by the infamous Unit 731.

Approx. 700,000 - 2,000,000 Chemical Bombs most of them loaded with mustard gas and many of them corroded and leaking, are still scattered in China. More than 2,000 Chinese had already been injured by these abandoned deadly WMD Chemical Weapons and damaging the environment. Japan has acknowledged leaving behind chemical weapons in China, has been looking for and disposing of such armaments according to the 1997 Chemical Weapons Convention. Many doubt such a monumental task can be completed by 2007 because Japan has been inactive in the chemicals cleanup despite its promise.

Sept. 12, 2003 Saito Gun, head of the Japanese investigation team admitted that another 52 mustard gas bombs found in Gaocheng, a city east of Shijiazhuang in 1991 and stored in the mountainous area around Lu Quan, were indeed left by Japan. The 52 mustard gas bombs will be dug up and sealed for future destruction. In reference to the compensation claims of the 20 victims injured, Saito refused to comment.

Ge Guangbiao, Chinese director of the office dealing with the problems said: "The Japanese Government should provide overall statistics on its abandoned WMD Chemical Weapons in China to the Chinese Government, including the location, numbers and categories of the weapons."

Sept. 29, 2003 The Tokyo District Court awarded 190 million yen (US 1.5 million) to 13 Chinese who sued the Japanese government over the abandoned WMD Chemical Weapon causing Chinese killed and injured in 1974 and 1982, and a shell explosion in 1995. It ruled against a ruling the same court issued for a separate case in May. Judge Yoshihiro Katayama said the Japanese government had neglected its responsibility to supply information to China over the whereabouts of the weapons, which killed and wounded Chinese.

This is the first time a Japanese court has accepted a damages claim related to abandoned WMD Chemical Weapons overseas.

The court ruled that "Distributing and abandoning poison gas weapons and similar actions, which are illegal under international law, cannot be accepted as justifiable. Not allowing the right (to claim damages) just because 20 years have passed goes against the principles of justice and fairness." However, the Japanese government has refused to accept the verdict and appealed to the higher court.

Oct. 20, 2003 To the WMD mustard gas victims (one killed and 42 injured) in Aug. incident in Qiqihar, Japanese government decided to offer 300 million yen, but NOT as compensation. But despite the inducement, the family of the person killed by the mustard gas is pressing on with plans to sue the Japanese Government.

Dec. 8, 2003 Japan has retrieved a total of 36,000 Chemical Weapons including bombs, poisonous fume pipes and iron barrels containing chemical preparations and put under temporary safekeeping. A unnamed Japanese official said in an interview with Oriental Outlook magazine, Under the UN Chemical Weapons Convention, Japan has until 2007 to destroy 700,000 - 2,000,000 of them. But experts say it will take much longer to safely dispose of so many WMD Chemical Bombs.

Dec. 9 2003 "Dispatching the Self Defence Forces to Iraq violates our constitution, which forbids the use of military forces," Peaceboat director Tatsuya Yoshioka said. Protesters held placards denouncing Koizumi and his allies as “war criminals”. Japan's post-war constitution bans the use of Japanese force as a means of settling international disputes.

Dec 10, 2003 Grief overflowed and anger erupted as aged Japanese survivors confronted the Enola Gay, the US warplane which unleashed the world's 1st atom bomb on Hiroshima in 1945. The Enola Gay was put on display for the 1st time in the Smithsonian's National Air and Space Museum, which also includes a just retired French Concorde and space shuttle prototype. However, the vigil stirred anger among some visitors to the museum. "Remember Pearl Harbor" "What about the Nanjing massacre ?" several men shouted, as several scuffles broke out.

Dec 26, 2003 Japanese Supreme Court turned down a 920 million yen damages suit filed by Filipino women forced into Sex Slavery for the Japanese military during WWII. The suit has been filed by 81 people, including former "comfort women" from the Philippine and relatives of those who have died. Supporters said it was the Japanese government that lost the court battle, because Japan was deprived of an opportunity to make amends for its wartime wrongdoing.

Jan. 1, 2004 On New Year's Day, Japanese Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi visited war shrine the 4th time, the controversial Yasukuni Shrine which secretly enshrined 1,068 War Criminals including 14 Class-A War Criminals in 1978, triggering instant condemnation from China and South Korea. Before Koizumi, only serving postwar prime minister, Yasuhiro Nakasonein 1985 and Ryutaro Hashimoto in 1996, had visited the shrine. The torrent of protest was enough to persuade him not to make another. Koizumi defied logic, insisting that neighboring countries would not be offended by his un-constitutonal shrine visits.

Jan 15, 2004 Japan is sending troops to combat zone FIRST TIME since WWII. 600 ground troops and 400 air force and naval personnel are due to be deployed in Iraq by March. Public are opposed to the plan arguing that the mission violates the Japanese Peace Constitution which prohibits offensive capability.

Feb. 10, 2004 The Tokyo High Court rejected an appeal by 7 women from Taiwan for an official apology from Japanese government and a total of 70 million yen in damages for being forced to become Sex Slave during WWII. The plaintiffs said they will appeal to the Supreme Court and are considering taking the case to the international tribunal.

Mar. 15, 2004 There could be over 700,000 or even 1,000,000 lives lost to Japan's Biological Warfare programme said Daniel Barenblatt, author of new book "A Plague Upon Humanity: The Secret Genocide of Axis Japan's Germ Warfare Operation", in a recent interview. Barenblatt said the plague bacteria released then still lingers on in some animal populations today. "It is still there.... rodents still test positive for antibodies to the bubonic plague ..... What the US did in making the deal with top doctors is unconscionable. As far as we know, no one in the US government raised any more objection to it."

Mar 23, 2004 The Sapporo District Court rejected an 860 million yen damages suit against the Japanese government and 6 companies filed by 43 Chinese who were forced to work at coal mines and construction sites in Hokkaido during WWII.

In a similar lawsuit in 2002, the Fukuoka District Court ruled for the First time that the Japanese government and a mining company both committed a crime in using slave labor. But the court ordered only the company to pay compensation and excluded the state, agreeing with the government's argument that it cannot be held responsible.

Mar. 26, 2004 In Japanese Niigata District Court, Presiding Judge Noriyoshi Katano acknowledged that the Chinese were forced to perform hard labor under poor working conditions for Niigata-based harbor transport company Rinko Corp. (previously known as Niigata Koun) and ordered the state and a Japanese company to pay 88 million yen in compensation, marking First time for a Japanese court to order both Japanese government and a firm to pay damages for slave labor crimes. The judge dismissed the defendants' arguments that the statute of limitations for the crimes had passed.

Apr 7, 2004 Hiroyuki Hosoda of a group of 211 activists filed a lawsuit alleging that Koizumi's visits to the shrine violated the constitution. Fukuoka District Court ruled that Koizumi's visit in his official capacity as prime minister to the Yasukuni Shinto shrine indeed violated constitution of separation of church and state. But the court rejected their claims for compensation,

In Feb. the Osaka District Court refused to rule on the constitutionality of the visit, saying the plaintiffs had not suffered emotional turmoil as claimed. Four other cases are making their way through Japanese courts.

May 27, 2004 A group of 219 Japanese citizens filed a lawsuit claiming Japan's dispatch of troops to Iraq violated Japan's pacifist constitution. One of the plaintiffs is Nobutaka Watanabe who was one of 5 Japanese taken hostage by the militants in Iraq. Four similar lawsuits have been filed by other groups across Japan.

June 14 2004 U.S. Supreme Court has ordered the lawsuit against Japan filed by 15 kidnapped and enslaved former "Comfort Women" when they were only 10 - 26 years old from China (People's Republic of China), Taiwan (Republic of China), North and South Korea and the Philippine, to be reconsidered by the Appellate Court in the District of Columbia if Holocaust survivors and heirs can sue the French national railroad for transporting Jews and others to Nazi concentration camps during WWII. It is an encouraging news to the plaintiffs. Japan has argued that it is entitled to immunity from suit in U.S. courts concerning its pre-1952 acts.

July 9 2004 Hiroshima High Court overturned a lower court decision in July 2002, which ruled that too much time had passed to award compensation. Nishimatsu Construction must pay 27.5m yen ($255,000) in damages to 5 Chinese (2 of whom have since died) worked as slave labor in a power plant construction site owned by Nishimatsu. Presiding judge Satoshi Suzuki ruled Nishimatsu's argument that the statute of limitations had expired "seriously goes against justice". Japanese Government has acknowledged that many people suffered as a result of forced labour, but insists that most reparations were settled by treaties.

Jul 24, 2004 "The abandoned weapons issue is little known in Japan," said Japanese freelance director Tomoko Kana, who recently completed a doucmentary film From the Land of Bitter Tears."The way Chinese people feel about this issue is very similar to how Japanese feel about North Korea's abductions of Japanese," she said.

Min Liu whose father was killed in 1995 by Japanese abandoned artillery shell, was hoping of becoming a school teacher, but instead she has since been working at her relative's cafeteria to pay off her father's medical bills. The film captured the emotional Liu and 3 other victims from separate incidents has been on, including the scene of Liu giving a tearful hug to her mother while the mother burst into tears, confessing that she pulled the plug on her injured husband because family could not pay the medical bills and thus took him out of the hospital. He died the following day.

Tokyo District Court awarded the 13 plaintiffs a combined 190 million yen in damages, but Japanese government filed an appeal. The case is now pending before the Tokyo High Court.

Jul 23, 2004 Two Chinese children playing near a river in Dunhua, Jilin Province, injured by mustard gas leaked from the Japanese WMD Chemical Weapon discarded by the Japan in WWII. Japanese embassy statement says it was "quite regrettable" and expressed sympathy for the victims. At least 2,000 Chinese have so far become victims of the discarded 700,000 - 2,000,000 Japanese WMD Chemical Weapons since the war ended.

Aug 2, 2004 Fifteen years have passed since Human Bones that Haunt a Nation - Japanese war atrocities, dug up at a construction site in Shinjuku Ward, Tokyo, linked to the infamous Unit 731, and they remain a mystery that Japanese authorities still appear reluctant to resolve. The citizens' group speculate that Unit 731's victims' corpses were sent to the medical school for research purposes, and now ask Japanese government to use DNA and superimposing technology to verify their origins.

Kanagawa University professor Keiichi Tsuneishi said Japan's failure to address the issue over the past 15 years shows how the people disregard Unit 731's atrocities. The group is also demanding that the ministry and Shinjuku Ward excavate another site near Toyama Park where it suspects, based on testimony of some surviving officials, that more remains might be buried. Japanese authorities have refused to comply.

Aug 3, 2004 Payment worth US$ 401 million will be paid to some 130,681 Nazi-era Jewish slave laborers in 62 countries. The payments come from the German Foundation "Remembrance, Responsibility, and the Future", a US$ 6 Billion dollar Slave Fund established in 2000. Half of the DM 10 Billion Foundation's Funding is provided by the German government and half by the German industries and businesses. The first disbursement to Jews, totaling $703 million, was transfered to recipients between June 2001 and July 2004. Payments to non-Jewish slave laborers were largely covered by humanitarian organizations.

In addition to reparations from the German fund, the Claims Conference also disbursed a special payment to slave laborers out of 1.25 Billion Swiss Banks Settlement signed in 1999 by the Swiss banks. The banks agreed to compensate slave laborers, following evidence that during WWII they raked in profits on deals and financial services for German factories that used slave laborers.

"I pay tribute to all those who were subjected to slave and forced labor under German rule, and in the name of the German people beg forgiveness", said Johannes Rau, German president in 2000, "We will not forget their suffering."

Aug 9 2004 13 former Chinese slave laborers (6 relatives of laborers who have died) forced to work in the Makimine copper mines in Miyazaki Prefecture during WWII, filed a damages lawsuit against the Japanese government and Mitsubishi Materials Corp., seeking 184 million yen for compensation, and demand an official apology.

Aug 12, 2004 U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell and his deputy Richard Armitage, have both reiterated U.S. support for Japan's eager quest for permanent UN Security Council membership and urged Japan to revise war renouncing Article 9 of its Constitution if it wants to become a permanent U.N. Security Council member.

Aug 12, 2004 German Interior Minister Otto Schily joined a commemoration of the 60th anniversary of a Nazi massacre site in Tuscan village, in Sant'Anna di Stazzema, Italy, calling it a "place of shame" for Germany. In August 1944, Nazi SS soldiers were ostensibly hunting for partisans, but instead they rounded up and killed approx. 560 villagers

Also in 2002, President Johannes Rau became the first German leader to visit another 1944 Nazi massacre site of 700 people killed, at Marzabotto in the hills south of Bologna, where he expressed sorrow and shame.

Aug 14, 2004 Germany has offered its first formal apology for the colonial-era massacre of Herero tribe by German troops in Namibia 100 years ago. Herero chief Kuaima Riruako said the apology was appreciated but added: "We still have the right to take the German government to court."

Some 200 ethnic Herero filed a lawsuit in the US court of the district of Columbia in Sept. 2001 demanding $2 billion from the German government and $2 billion in damages from several German companies including Deutsche Bank, mining company Terex Corporation, formerly Orenstein-Koppel Co., and the shipping company Deutsche Afrika Linie, formerly Woermann Linie, all of which allegedly profitted. About 55,000 Herero died after German officers issued an extermination order in 1904 to crush an uprising against German colonial rule.

The US district court of Columbia was chosen to hear the case as it has a 215-year-old law on its books, the Alien Tort Claims Act of 1789, that allows for such civil action from foreign countries.

Aug 15, 2004 Three Japanese ministers, joined by 58 members of parliament, paid homage to the country's war dead in the Yasukuni Shrine , which celebrates Japan's military past and sparked anger from neighbouring countries.

But Junichiro Koizumi had visited the shrine 4 times since he became the Japanese prime minister. Mr. Koizumi who had vowed to visit the shrine every year, avoided the shrine this time obviously because the illegality of his visits ruled by the Japanese court in April.

Aug 21, 2004 Japan plans to build a 2.8 billion dig-up facility and two incinerators in Haerbaling in north China's Jilin province to clean-up its abandoned WMD Chemical Weapons. China worries about the chemicals that will be released in the air during the disposal process. Japan may be difficult to meet the 2007 deadline demanded by the international Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) to dispose all its 700,000 - 2,000,000 abandoned WMD Chemical Weapons. At least 2,000 Chinese have so far become victims of the discarded Japanese WMD Chemical Weapons since the war ended.

Aug 26, 2004 A Japanese history textbook omitting Japanese wartime atrocities was approved by Tokyo's school board for use in a public secondary school in the Tokyo. China and Korea say it distorts history and omits Japanese wartime atrocities, e.g. WMD Biological Warfare in China and the use of hundreds of thousands of military Sex Slaves.

Sept 15, 2004 Despite a statement by U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell that WMD weapons are unlikely to be found in Iraq. However, Japan refused to admit that there are no WMD in the war-ravaged Iraq. Even Brithish PrimeMinister Tony Blair admitted that WMD which is vital to the case for the Iraq war, was wrong. Also, US Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld said that he hasn't seen "any strong, hard evidence" to link Saddam Hussein and the al-Qaeda terrorists who staged the 9/11 attacks.

After 2 years intensive search with 1,200 experts, U.S. finally quit the WMD search. Unfortunately, the WMD was the main reason for US to "pre-emptive" invade Iraq. End to search for WMD seals doubts about pre-emption.

Sept. 18 2004 Instead of reflecting on own war crimes, the 10-member Japanese advisory panel to Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi will recommend that China be treated as a military threat. Japan will also discuss the possibility of permitting US and Japanese military flights to an island halfway between Okinawa and Taiwan, and build a port there.

Sept. 21 2004 Japan, Germany, India and Brazil told UN in joint bid seeking for a permanent seats on the UN Security Council.

Japan said it has been the second largest contributor to the UN and is involved in peacekeeping operations. In fact, U.N. members' contributions are in line with assessments based on their relative "Capacity To Pay" with a ceiling set at 22% - the rate at which the US is assessed. Next come Japan (19.47), Germany (8.66), Britain (6.12), France (6.03), China (2.053) and Russia (1.1)%.

"The U.N. is not a board of directors and you cannot decide its composition according to the financial contribution", Chinese spokesman said, "We want to see a responsible attitude from the Japanese including a clear understanding of historical issues."

Sept. 24 2004 In a steelworks site located in Ningan county, Mudanjiang China, a team of Japanese and Chinese experts unearthed more than 2,000 Bombs. 89 of the 2,000 bombs were confirmed as WMD Chemical Bombs abandoned by Japan. China says Japan made the WMD weapons in Hiroshima. At least 2,000 Chinese have so far become victims of Japanese discarded 700,000 - 2,000,000 Japanese WMD Chemical Weapons since the war ended.

Sept. 26 2004 The Chinese say there are 4 barriers on Japan's way to U.N. "Permanent Seat" :

1. Peace Constitution
2. Honestly face up to its own History
3. At the US' bidding and losing independence
4. UN competition and complicated procedure

Korea also questions Japan's Security Council bid.

Sept 29, 2004 Settlement reached in Osaka High Court that Tokyo-based Nippon Yakin Kogyo Co. has to pay 21 million yen to a group of Chinese abducted to Japan during WWII to work as slave laborers and their surviving family members. However, the company refused to offer an apology. The plaintiffs will continue their suit against the Japanese government, which has claimed the statute of limitations for compensation has expired. The Kyoto District Court ruled in last year that the Japanese government and Nippon Yakin Kogyo had acted illegally in abducting the plaintiffs and used them as slave laborers. But the court rejected the plaintiffs' demand for compensation.

Oct 1, 2004 A Japanese defense ministry panel has urged that the military be given the capability to launch "Pre-Emptive Strikes", shoot down Japan's pacifism, a move that would deviate from Japan's long-held defense-only policy. "A Pre-Emptive Strike would go beyond what current government policy and Article 9 of the Constitution allows," said Takehiko Yamamoto, political science professor at Tokyo's Waseda University. Article 9 renounces the right to go to war and forbids a military, although it is interpreted as permitting forces for only self-defense.

Oct 3, 2004 According to a research report, Japan secretly studied the possibility of Japan going nuclear. The report, dated July 30, 1981, is titled "On nuclear equipment" and was part of a research project on "The future of Japan's defense policy."

It was the 2 Atomic Bombs, "Little Boy" and "Fat Man", had finally stopped Japan's in-human War Crimes.

What if Japan had succeeded in building its own A-Bomb first in the WWII ?
Nobody would ever doubt that the Japanese would have certainly used it 60 years ago.

For nearly 6 decades, historians have been unable to solve one of the mysteries of Japan's WWII WMD Atomic Bomb Project : How close were Japanese scientists to building the Atomic Bomb ?

A long-lost wartime 23 pages document of Imperial army papers returned to Japan in April 2002, finally offer some insight into Japan's WMD Atomic Bomb Project - An Unrealized Nuclear Armageddon in China.

Oct 7, 2004 Despite a statement by U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell that WMD weapons are unlikely to be found in Iraq. Japan refused to admit that there are no WMD in the war-ravaged Iraq. Even Brithish Prime Minister Tony Blair admitted that WMD which is vital to the case for the Iraq war, was wrong. Also, US Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld said that he hasn't seen "any strong, hard evidence" to link Saddam Hussein and the al-Qaeda terrorists who staged the 9/11 attacks.

A new CIA report by US arms inspector of Iraq Survey Group in 1,000 pages concluded U.S. "Almost All Wrong" on Iraq's WMD Weapons. The report forced Bush to recast his rationale for Iraq war. This time, Japan said the U.N. resolutions justify the War.".

After 2 years intensive search with 1,200 experts, U.S. finally quit the WMD search. Unfortunately, the WMD was the main reason for US to "pre-emptive" invade Iraq. End to search for WMD seals doubts about pre-emption.

Apr 1, 2005 "Dead Wrong" on Iraq WMD crippled US credibility A new presidential commission reported "We conclude that the intelligence community was dead wrong in almost all of its prewar judgments about Iraq's WMD". It is probably the biggest blunder in the history of US.

Apr 25, 2005 CIA final report: No WMD in Iraq "After more than 18 months, the WMD investigation and debriefing of the WMD-related detainees has been exhausted" Mr Duelfer, head of the Iraq Survey Group (ISG), wrote in the 92-page addendum.

Oct 16, 2004 Tokyo District Court rejected the lawsuit of compensation 20 million yen each over the Japan's refusal to give unpaid wages to Korean laborers forced to work and died at Japan Iron & Steel Co. (Nippon Steel Corp.) Kamaishi plant in Iwate Prefecture in Japan during WWII. The families had discovered through company documents that a total of about 9,500 yen unpaid wages to the deceased and had been placed in trust. Judge ruled that domestic laws based on a 1965 agreement between Japan and South Korea had terminated the property rights of Korean nationals.

In a separate 1995 lawsuit, families are also seeking damages from Japan and Nippon Steel. The steel giant agreed to an out-of-court settlement and paid roughly 20 million yen as "condolence" money. In 2003, the Court rejected their demand for compensation from Japan government, and they are appealing.

Oct 19, 2004 Japanese politicians including Tsutomu Takebe, newly appointed secretary general of the ruling LDP, and former prime minister Tsutomu Hata of the opposition Democratic Party of Japan and others, altogether 79 Japanese politicians made a pilgrimage to the controversial Yasukuni Shrine . For people in Asia, Yasukuni Shrine is a symbol of Japan's brutal militaristic past.

Oct 29, 2004 Since 1999, the playing of the Imperial Japanese notorious militaristic anthem Kimigayo (His Majesty's Reign) and the flying of the notorious militaristic Hinomaru (Rising Sun) flag, have been compulsory at Japanese school ceremonies, but many teachers refuse to toe the line and filed a lawsuit taking the Tokyo education board to court. Kazuhisa Suzuki, who teaches civics at a high school in Kanagawa Prefecture, said: " It's as though Germany brought back the Nazi swastika and forced teachers to stand for it. If teachers don't fight it, who will ?". Last year 243 teachers were punished for not honouring the notorious Militaristic flag and 67 reprimanded for not ordering students to sing the notorious anthem.

Japanese Emperor opposes compulsory flag, anthem in schools

Nov 2, 2004 "I buried poison gas weapons. I received the emergency order from our commander," the 83-year-old former Japanese soldier told the Tokyo High Court. The testimony could overturn the government's contention that the Japan was not involved in the dumping of WMD Chemical Weapons in China. Five Chinese who became ill after digging up ground where chemicals had allegedly been buried, are seeking damages of $750,000. The Tokyo District Court had dismissed the lawsuit in May last year, prompting the plaintiffs to appeal to the high court.

Nov 10, 2004 Iris Chang, author of " Rape of Nanking - The Forgotten Holocaust", a young author, historian, and Human Rights advocates dies at age 36. The news re-minds Japanese unspeakable atrocities :

"An estimated 20,000 - 80,000 Chinese women were raped. Many soldiers went beyond rape to disembowel women, slice off their breasts, nail them alive to walls. Fathers were forced to rape their daughters and sons their mothers as other family members watched .........."

Nanjing Massacre claims another life.
Sad news stunned the Survivors of Rape of Nanjing.
Granddaughter of Survivors of the Nanjing Massacre
New Interest in Japan's War Atrocities, but Why Now ?

Dec 4, 2004 Japanese media still deny Nanking Massacre "No serious scholar has denied the gist of The Rape of Nanking -- that it was one of the most brutal war crimes in history."

Nov 11, 2004 A popular Japanese comic would self-censor after nationalist anger about its portrayal of Japanese brutality during the Rape of Nanking. Young Jump, halted publication of its long-running story, "The Country Burns", in September after being inundated by phone calls and e-mails objecting to the latest episode. The magazine ran an apology for illustrations showing Japanese soldiers bayoneting helpless captives, assaulting women and beheading civilians in former Chinese capital Nanjing. The publisher also said it would delete 10 pages and amend another 11 when the story is released in book form. There is no precedent for such self-censorship in Japanese comics, which often have graphic war scenes.

Nov 29, 2004 After more than a decade legal process, Japanese Supreme Court refused compensation to 35 kidnapped south korean Slaves and Sex Slaves. Japanese government has refused to pay any compensation saying such claims were settled through postwar peace treaties. In March 2001, the district court said too much time had passed for the redress. It also ruled that international laws banning Sex Slavery don't require restitution.

The suit was originally brought in Dec. 1991 by 3 south Korean Sex Slaves, the first such victims to shed light on their plight after staying silent for decades out of shame.

Nov 30, 2004 Japan's top court denied compensation to abducted Slave fatalities of an explosion on Japanese ship ferrying Korean Slaves home after WWII. It was a sharp reversal to the survivors who filed their case in 1992 and won in a lower court in 2001. The Koreans were angered that Tokyo annually pays compensation to relatives of the 25 Japanese crewmen killed on the ship, but offers no compensation to the hundreds abducted Slaves and Sex Slave victims and their kin.

Nov 30, 2004 Japanese Education Minister Nariaki Nakayama slams textbooks as 'self-torturing' over Japan's war atrocities.

Dec 1, 2004 Women's organisations from Asia, Europe and North America agreed to act together from next year, the 60th anniversary of WWII to made Abducted Sex Slaves By Japan To Become Global Issue In 2005. "We'll launch a million-signature campaign worldwide to demand an apology and compensation from the Japanese government," said Suda Kaori, a Japanese member of the Korea Council for the Women Drafted for Military Sex Slavery by Japan.

Dec 3, 2004 Japanese "War Orphans" sued Japanese government and demand 33 million yen compensation for each of them for being left in China for such a long time and receiving little or no Japanese language education or job search support after they came to Japan. Similar suits have been filed at 12 district courts across Japan, including in Tokyo, Kyoto and Kagoshima.

Dec 6, 2004 Former abducted Sex Slaves from South Korea, Taiwan and the Philippine gathered in Tokyo, Kyoto, Fukuoka etc in mass rallies across 10 cities in Japan to demand a formal apology and compensation.

Dec 9, 2004 Nanking Massacre survivor Li Xiuying dies at 86. She was 18 and pregnant, was attacked and slashed 37 times with swords by Japanese tried to rape her. She lost her unborn baby but survived after treatment by an American doctor, Robert Wilson. In 1999, Li sued right-wing Japanese authors who claimed she had faked her accounts and won. The Japanese Supreme Court awarded her 1.5 million yen against author Toshio Matsumura and Tendensha, the publisher that the book "A Big Doubt About the Rape of Nanking" had damaged Li's reputation.

Dec 12, 2004 A day after the pro-U.S. government voted to keep Japanese "Self-Defense Force" in war of Iraq for another year, Japan took another step away from its post-war pacifism on by ending its decades-old ban on military exports.

Dec 12, 2004 In a written statement, Juanita Cruz, a native of the Mariana Islands witnessed Japanese atrocities in Guam. Vividly told of how she at 8, was unable to help her mother while she was repeatedly raped by Japanese soldiers, and how she at 10, watched her 5 years old young brother die as a Japanese soldier cut his tongue off. All around her, people were being beaten, beheaded or gunned down with machine guns, she said at a forum in Tokyo.

Dec 15, 2004 Four former abducted Chinese Sex Slaves lost appeal in Tokyo High Court.

Dec 20, 2004 Shiro Takahashi, editor of history textbook which whitewashes Japan's war crime atrocities has been appointed to the local school board.

Jan 4, 2005 Filmmaker T.F. Mou (sometimes referred to as T.F. Mous) is probably best known as the director of the Man Behind the Sun (also called Black Sun 731). He followed up with another travelogue of Japanese war atrocities film: Black Sun: The Nanking Massacre.

Jan 12, 2005 Japan top politician pressured NHK to alter television program on a mock trial on abducted Sex Slaves before it was aired. The trial ruled late Emperor Hirohito and others "guilty", but this part was deleted.

In July 2001 the citizens group that sponsored the mock trial sued NHK and the two companies that made the program. The court ordered the firm that made the program to pay the citizens group 1 million yen in compensation, but both rejected the ruling and filed appeals in the Tokyo High Court.

Japanese minister Shoichi Nakagawa and former Chief Cabinet Secretary Shinzo Abe both denied pressuring NHK to edit abducted Sex Slave program.

Jan 13 2005 The first real-name military record of a surviving abducted Sex Slave has been discovered. It is an important piece of evidence in refuting Japanese denials.

Jan 14, 2005 Harry, son of Britain's Prince Charles and 3rd in line to the throne, drew a storm of world wide protest by wearing costume with a Nazi Swastika armband to a birthday party. Prince has ordered his son to visit Auschwitz concentration camp. Harry said he was sorry, "It was a poor choice of costume and I apologize".

German government has made displaying the Swastika and other Nazi symbols illegal in Germany. Germany would have tried Prince Harry for Nazi prank. Now, German politicians have called for Nazi symbols to be banned throughout Europe.

For comparison :

Since 1999, the playing of the Imperial Japanese notorious militaristic anthem Kimigayo (His Majesty's Reign) and the flying of the notorious militaristic Hinomaru (Rising Sun) flag, have been compulsory at Japanese school ceremonies, but many teachers refuse to toe the line and filed a lawsuit taking the Tokyo education board to court. Kazuhisa Suzuki, who teaches civics at a high school in Kanagawa Prefecture, said: " It's as though Germany brought back the Nazi Swastika and forced teachers to stand for it. If teachers don't fight it, who will ? ". Last year 243 teachers were punished for not honouring the notorious Militaristic flag and 67 reprimanded for not ordering students to sing the notorious anthem. You cannot force them to sing it in Japan, or to listen in London . Hinomaru, 'Kimigayo' express conflicts both past and future. Over 1700 Japanese teachers have been punished throughout Japan's schools. In Tokyo alone, 388 teachers were subject to heavy punishment after 2004.

Teacher Katsuhisa Fujita who urged parents attending a graduation ceremony to remain seated during Japanese national anthem was fined $1,800. Though Fujita was ejected, about 90 % of the students remained seated during the song, school officials said.

To support the hundreds of teachers and students who refuse to sing the current Japanese notorious militaristic national anthem at school, someone has turned the Japanese notorious militaristic national anthem "Kimigayo" into English titled "Kiss Me" as an allusion to the Japanese Sex Slavery. It takes the syllables of each word of the Japanese and turns them into phonetically similar English words to support the protest of people who are forced to sing as "a small pillar of opposition in people's hearts".

In ironically speechless vivid contrast, U.S., Britain and other countries remain thundering SILENT.

In Sept 2006 Japanese district court ruled that a Tokyo metropolitan government order compelling teachers to stand up for Japan's notorious national flag Hinomaru (Rising Sun) and sing the notorious national anthem Kimigayo (His Majesty's Reign) violated the Constitution.

Jan 19, 2005 In a rare ruling, Japanese Hiroshima High Court ordered Japanese government to pay compensation to 40 kidnapped Korean Slaves , 1.2 million yen ($11,740) each.

Tens of thousands of kidnapped Koreans and Chinese were brought to Japan to work in factories and mines as forced Slaves to keep Japan's war machine going. Dozens of compensation suits have been filed, but almost all have been rejected by Japanese courts. Japan has insisted that compensation issues were settled by diplomatic ties in 1965.

Jan 20, 2005 Weekly Protest Rally in front of Japanese Embassy by former abducted Korean Sex Slaves in Seoul. The latest one was their 641 rally.

Jan 21, 2005 UN General Assembly held a special session marking 60th anniversary of liberation of Holocaust Nazi death camps for First Time. Kofi Annan said, "It is essential for all of us to remember, reflect on, and learn from what happened 60 years ago......".

"I express my shame over those who were murdered, and before those of you who have survived the hell of the concentration camps," said German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder, "The vast majority of Germans alive today are NOT to blame for the Holocaust, but they DO bear a "Special Responsibility".

Jan 24, 2005 Japan to end private AWF for Sex Slaves. Most victims strongly opposed the "Asian Women Fund" because the private fund covers up Japan's war crimes and refused it saying, "We want no charity, but dignity".

Research has shown that the previous estimated 200,000 by U.N. did not take into account of China, because China came into the research picture much later than its Asian neighbors. In Shanghai alone, the Japanese military set up 90 sex stations, each had about 500 women. The actual number of Sex Slaves should be more than 200,000. Only 10% lived through the ordeal and just about 500 are believed alive today. They were forced to serve up to 40 men a day.

No one knows the true figure. Many have concealed their past, considering it too shameful.

Jan 27, 2005 German Chancellor paid tribute at the entrance to Auschwitz and promised that Germany will fulfill its "Moral Obligation" to keep alive the memory of Nazi's crimes.

Jan 28, 2005 Japanese court refused to award damages over PM's shrine visits to relatives of Okinawa people killed in Battle of Okinawa who said they suffered distress from Koizumi's visits to Yasukuni Shrine . More than 140,000 Okinawan men, women and children, about 1/3 of the population of island were killed, including many forced to commit Mass Suicide by Japanese soldiers. Many Okinawans see themselves as much victims of Japan as of the U.S.

Fukuoka district court ruled that Koizumi shrine visits violated Constitution.

Feb 5, 2005 Proposals for the U.N. by East Asian NGOs say Article 9 has contained militarism in Japan and is key to maintaining peace in the region.

Feb 20, 2005 China-Japan tension grows because of competition for resources and old resentments, especially the latest conflict of 5 uninhabited isles, known by Chinese as Diaoyutai and Japanese as Senkaku Islands near a continental shelf containing natural gas.

Feb 23, 2005 China's oldest abducted Sex Slave died at age 94. Only about 60 former abducted Sex Slaves are known of in China; most have never come forward because of shame. But in Shanghai alone, Japanese set up at least 83 brothels.

Feb 25, 2005 Japanese court rejected lawsuit by abducted S.Korean Slaves worked at a Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. munitions factory.

Feb 25, 2005 S.Korea urges Japan to be 'candid about the past'

Feb 26, 2005 Japan, Philippine secretly agreed on postwar compensation in 1955 to a total amount of $800 million.

Feb 26, 2005 Only 7 of 9 elderly abducted Sex Slaves lived long enough to hear Japanese Supreme Court deny their claims.

Mar 1, 2005 S.Korean urges Japan to compensate for past. S.Korea said if Japan is angered by North Korea's kidnapping of its citizens, it should also provide compensation for thousands of kidnapped Koreans who were forced into Slavery and Sex Slaves.

In Jan. S.Korea declassified documents revealing that S.Korea's past military government agreed to accept a US$800 million economic package as reparations from Japan when established ties in 1965. The revelation triggered an uproar. Critics accused Japan of abusing S.Korea's poverty to settle the issue in its favor. They also charged that their own government sought quick economic aid in exchange for national pride. Calls are growing for nullifying the normalization pact and re-negotiate terms of compensation.